السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب العدد
Book of Waiting Periods
باب: من قال: لا سكنى للمتوفى عنها زوجها
Those who said: A widow has no right of residence
Toggle above to switch between keyword search and direct hadith lookup
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا أَبُو سَعِيدٍ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ الثَّقَفِيُّ نا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ مُثَنَّى الْعَنْبَرِيُّ، نا مُوسَى بْنُ مَسْعُودٍ، نا شِبْلُ بْنُ عَبَّادٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي نَجِيحٍ قَالَ: قَالَ عَطَاءٌ، قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا: " نَسَخَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ عِدَّتَهَا عِنْدَ أَهْلِهَا فَتَعْتَدُّ حَيْثُ شَاءَتْ وَهُوَ قَوْلُ اللهِ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى: {غَيْرَ إِخْرَاجٍ} [البقرة: ٢٤٠] " قَالَ عَطَاءٌ: إِنْ شَاءَتِ اعْتَدَّتْ عِنْدَ أَهْلِهَا أَوْ سَكَنَتْ فِي وَصِيَّتِهَا، وَإِنْ شَاءَتْ خَرَجَتْ لِقَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: {فَإِنْ خَرَجْنَ فَلَا جُنَاحَ عَلَيْكُمْ فِيمَا فَعَلْنَ فِي أَنْفُسِهِنَّ} قَالَ عَطَاءٌ: ثُمَّ جَاءَ الْمِيرَاثُ فَنُسِخَ مِنْهُ السُّكْنَى تَعْتَدُّ حَيْثُ شَاءَتْ.
It is narrated from Ibn Abi Najih that Ata' said that Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) said: This verse abrogated her spending the 'iddah with his family. She may spend the 'iddah wherever she wishes, and that is the saying of Allah Almighty: 'without turning them out' [Surah al-Baqarah: 240]. Ata' said: If she wishes, she may spend the 'iddah with his family or in the place in which she was bequeathed residence, and if she wishes she may leave, on the basis of this saying of Allah Almighty: 'But if they leave, there is no blame upon you for what they do with themselves' [Surah al-Baqarah: 240]. Ata' said: Then (the verses of) inheritance came and abrogated the residence; she may spend the 'iddah wherever she wishes.
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْفَضْلِ الْقَطَّانُ بِبَغْدَادَ نا أَبُو سَهْلٍ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ الْقَطَّانُ ثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ رَوْحٍ الْمَدَائِنِيُّ، نا شَبَابَةُ، ثنا وَرْقَاءُ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي نَجِيحٍ، عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ، {وَالَّذِينَ يُتَوَفَّوْنَ مِنْكُمْ وَيَذَرُونَ أَزْوَاجًا يَتَرَبَّصْنَ بِأَنْفُسِهِنَّ أَرْبَعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ وَعَشْرًا} [البقرة: ٢٣٤] قَالَ: " كَانَتْ هَذِهِ الْعِدَّةُ تَعْتَدُّ عِنْدَ أَهْلِ زَوْجِهَا وَاجِبٌ ذَلِكَ عَلَيْهَا " فَأَنْزَلَ اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ {وَالَّذِينَ يُتَوَفَّوْنَ مِنْكُمْ وَيَذَرُونَ أَزْوَاجًا وَصِيَّةً لِأَزْوَاجِهِمْ مَتَاعًا إِلَى الْحَوْلِ غَيْرَ إِخْرَاجٍ فَإِنْ خَرَجْنَ فَلَا جُنَاحَ عَلَيْكُمْ فِيمَا فَعَلْنَ فِي أَنْفُسِهِنَّ مِنْ مَعْرُوفٍ} قَالَ: " جَعَلَ اللهُ لَهَا تِسْعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ وَعِشْرِينَ لَيْلَةً وَصِيَّةً إِنْ شَاءَتْ سَكَنَتْ فِي وَصِيَّتِهَا، وَإِنْ شَاءَتْ خَرَجَتْ وَهُوَ قَوْلُ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ {غَيْرَ إِخْرَاجٍ فَإِنْ خَرَجْنَ فَلَا جُنَاحَ عَلَيْكُمْ فِيمَا فَعَلْنَ} فِي الْعِدَّةِ كَمَا هِيَ وَاجِبَةٌ عَلَيْهَا، زَعَمَ ذَلِكَ مُجَاهِدٌ وَقَالَ عَطَاءُ عنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا ثُمَّ نَسَخَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ عِدَّتَهَا فِي أَهْلِهِ تَعْتَدُّ حَيْثُ شَاءَتْ وَهُوَ قَوْلُ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ {غَيْرَ إِخْرَاجٍ} [البقرة: ٢٤٠] قَالَ عَطَاءٌ: إِنْ شَاءَتِ اعْتَدَّتْ فِي أَهْلِهِ أَوْ سَكَنَتْ فِي وَصِيَّتِهَا وَإِنْ شَاءَتْ خَرَجَتْ لِقَوْلِ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ {فَإِنْ خَرَجْنَ فَلَا جُنَاحَ عَلَيْكُمْ فِيمَا فَعَلْنَ فِي أَنْفُسِهِنَّ} قَالَ عَطَاءٌ: ثُمَّ جَاءَ الْمِيرَاثُ فَنَسَخَ السُّكْنَى فَتَعْتَدُّ حَيْثُ شَاءَتْ وَلَا سُكْنَى لَهَا ⦗٧١٦⦘ رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ فِي الصَّحِيحِ، عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ عَنْ رَوْحٍ عَنْ شِبْلٍ وَعَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يُوسُفَ عَنْ وَرْقَاءَ.
Ibn Abi Najih narrates from Mujahid (may Allah have mercy on him): 'And those of you who die and leave wives behind, they (the wives) shall wait (concerning themselves) for four months and ten days' [Surah al-Baqarah: 234], that is, they shall observe the 'iddah.
Allah Almighty said: 'And those of you who die and leave wives behind should bequeath for their wives provision for a year without turning them out; but if they leave, there is no blame upon you for what they do with themselves in a recognised manner' [Surah al-Baqarah: 240].
"And those of you who die and leave wives behind should bequeath for their wives a year's maintenance, (directing) that they not be turned out; if they leave of their own accord, there is no blame upon you for what they do with themselves in a recognised manner."
Mujahid (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Allah Almighty appointed for her a bequest of nine months and twenty nights; if she wishes, she may stay in the place of her bequest, and if she wishes, she may leave, and that is this saying of Allah Almighty: 'But if they leave, there is no blame upon you for what they do' [Surah al-Baqarah: 240]. This concerns the 'iddah as it is obligatory upon her; this is what Mujahid (may Allah have mercy on him) held.
Ata' (may Allah have mercy on him) said that it is narrated from Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him): Then this verse, 'without turning them out', abrogated her spending the 'iddah with his family; she may spend the 'iddah wherever she wishes. Ata' (may Allah have mercy on him) said: If she wishes, she may spend the 'iddah with his family or in the place of her bequest, and if she wishes she may leave, that is, from her husband's family, taking as evidence this saying of Allah Almighty: 'But if they leave, there is no blame upon you' [Surah al-Baqarah: 240] to the end of the verse.
Ata' (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Then (the verses of) inheritance came and abrogated the residence; she may spend the 'iddah wherever she wishes, and she has no (right to) residence. Bukhari narrated it.
Allah Almighty said: 'And those of you who die and leave wives behind should bequeath for their wives provision for a year without turning them out; but if they leave, there is no blame upon you for what they do with themselves in a recognised manner' [Surah al-Baqarah: 240].
"And those of you who die and leave wives behind should bequeath for their wives a year's maintenance, (directing) that they not be turned out; if they leave of their own accord, there is no blame upon you for what they do with themselves in a recognised manner."
Mujahid (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Allah Almighty appointed for her a bequest of nine months and twenty nights; if she wishes, she may stay in the place of her bequest, and if she wishes, she may leave, and that is this saying of Allah Almighty: 'But if they leave, there is no blame upon you for what they do' [Surah al-Baqarah: 240]. This concerns the 'iddah as it is obligatory upon her; this is what Mujahid (may Allah have mercy on him) held.
Ata' (may Allah have mercy on him) said that it is narrated from Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him): Then this verse, 'without turning them out', abrogated her spending the 'iddah with his family; she may spend the 'iddah wherever she wishes. Ata' (may Allah have mercy on him) said: If she wishes, she may spend the 'iddah with his family or in the place of her bequest, and if she wishes she may leave, that is, from her husband's family, taking as evidence this saying of Allah Almighty: 'But if they leave, there is no blame upon you' [Surah al-Baqarah: 240] to the end of the verse.
Ata' (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Then (the verses of) inheritance came and abrogated the residence; she may spend the 'iddah wherever she wishes, and she has no (right to) residence. Bukhari narrated it.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو سَعِيدِ بْنُ أَبِي عَمْرٍو، نا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ الْأَصَمُّ، أنبأ الرَّبِيعُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ قَالَ: قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ حِكَايَةً، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عُبَيْدٍ، عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ، أَنَّ عَلِيًّا رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ " كَانَ يَرْحَلُ الْمُتَوَفَّى عَنْهَا لَا يَنْتَظِرُ بِهَا " وَعَنِ ابْنِ مَهْدِيٍّ عَنْ سُفْيَانَ عَنْ فِرَاسٍ عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ قَالَ: نَقَلَ عَلِيٌّ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ أُمَّ كُلْثُومٍ بَعْدَ قَتْلِ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ بِسَبْعِ لَيَالٍ " وَرَوَاهُ سُفْيَانُ الثَّوْرِيُّ فِي جَامِعِهِ، وَقَالَ لِأَنَّهَا كَانَتْ فِي دَارِ الْإِمَارَةِ.
It is narrated from al-Sha'bi (may Allah have mercy on him) that Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) would move a woman whose husband had died, without waiting (for her 'iddah to end). And it is narrated from Ibn Mahdi, from Sufyan, from Firas, from al-Sha'bi: al-Sha'bi (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) moved Umm Kulthum (may Allah be pleased with her) seven nights after Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) was killed. Sufyan al-Thawri (may Allah have mercy on him) narrated it in his Jami' and said: That was because she was in the governor's residence.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ ثنا أَبُو نَصْرٍ الْعِرَاقِيُّ، ثنا سُفْيَانُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْجَوْهَرِيُّ، ثنا عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ، ثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ، ثنا سُفْيَانُ، عَنْ أَبِي لَيْلَى، عَنْ عَطَاءٍ، أَنَّ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا " أَحَجَّتْ أُخْتَهَا فِي عِدَّتِهَا ".
It is narrated from Ata' that Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) took her sister for Hajj during her 'iddah.
It is narrated from al-Qasim that it was a time of fear of turmoil, that is, at the time when Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) took her sister for Hajj.
It is narrated from al-Qasim that it was a time of fear of turmoil, that is, at the time when Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) took her sister for Hajj.
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْمُقْرِئُ ثنا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ، ثنا يُوسُفُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي بَكْرٍ، ثنا حَمَّادُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ، ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، أَنَّ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا " كَانَتْ تُخْرِجُ الْمَرْأَةَ وَهِيَ فِي عِدَّتِهَا مِنْ وَفَاةِ زَوْجِهَا " قَالَ: فَأَبَى ذَلِكَ النَّاسُ إِلَّا خِلَافَهَا فَلَا نَأْخُذُ بِقَوْلِهَا وَنَدَعُ قَوْلَ النَّاسِ، وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ.
It is narrated from al-Qasim bin Muhammad that Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) used to let a woman go out while she was in her 'iddah following her husband's death. Al-Qasim bin Muhammad said: The people refused that and did nothing but oppose her, so we would not take her view and abandon the view of the people. And Allah knows best.
