السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الصداق
Book of the Dowry
باب: المتعة
The gift for a divorced woman (mut'ah)
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أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ بِشْرَانَ الْعَدْلُ بِبَغْدَادَ، أنبأ إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الصَّفَّارُ، ثنا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عَفَّانَ، ثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ نُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللهِ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ، ح وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو زَكَرِيَّا بْنُ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ، ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، أنبأ الرَّبِيعُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ، أنبأ الشَّافِعِيُّ، أنبأ مَالِكٌ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَقُولُ: " لِكُلِّ مُطَلَّقَةٍ مُتْعَةٌ إِلَّا الَّتِي تُطَلَّقُ وَقَدْ فُرِضَ لَهَا الصَّدَاقُ وَلَمْ تُمَسَّ فَحَسْبُهَا نِصْفُ مَا فُرِضَ لَهَا " وَرُوِّينَا هَذَا الْقَوْلَ مِنَ التَّابِعِينَ عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَمُجَاهِدٍ وَالشَّعْبِيِّ.
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) said: Every divorced woman is to be given provision (mut'ah), except the divorced woman whose dower (mahr) has been specified and with whom the marriage was not consummated; she is to be paid half the dower.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الْبَيْهَقِيُّ صَاحِبُ الْمَدْرَسَةِ بِنَيْسَابُورَ، أنبأ أَبُو حَفْصٍ عُمَرُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْقَرْمِيسِيُّ بِهَا ثنا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ زِيَادٍ الطَّيَالِسِيُّ ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ حُمَيْدٍ الرَّازِيُّ، ثنا سَلَمَةُ بْنُ الْفَضْلِ، ثنا عَمْرُو بْنُ أَبِي قَيْسٍ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْأَعْلَى، عَنْ سُوَيْدِ بْنِ غَفَلَةَ قَالَ: كَانَتِ الْخَثْعَمِيَّةُ تَحْتَ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا، فَلَمَّا أَنْ قُتِلَ عَلِيٌّ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ بُويِعَ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ دَخَلَ عَلَيْهَا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ، فَقَالَتْ لَهُ: لِتَهْنِكَ الْخِلَافَةُ، فَقَالَ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ: " أَظْهَرْتِ الشَّمَاتَةَ بِقَتْلِ عَلِيٍّ أَنْتِ طَالِقٌ ثَلَاثًا "، فَتَلَفَّفَتْ فِي ثَوْبِهَا وَقَالَتْ: وَاللهِ مَا أَرَدْتُ هَذَا فَمَكَثَتْ حَتَّى انْقَضَتْ عِدَّتُهَا وَتَحَوَّلَتْ فَبَعَثَ إِلَيْهَا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ بَقِيَّةً مِنْ صَدَاقِهَا وَبِمُتْعَةِ عِشْرِينَ أَلْفَ دِرْهَمٍ، فَلَمَّا جَاءَهَا الرَّسُولُ وَرَأَتِ الْمَالَ قَالَتْ: مَتَاعٌ قَلِيلٌ مِنْ حَبِيبٍ مُفَارِقٍ، فَأَخْبَرَ الرَّسُولُ الْحَسَنَ بْنَ عَلِيٍّ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ فَبَكَى وَقَالَ: لَوْلَا أَنِّي سَمِعْتُ أَبِي يُحَدِّثُ عَنْ جَدِّي النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: " مَنْ طَلَّقَ امْرَأَتَهُ ثَلَاثًا لَمْ تَحِلَّ لَهُ حَتَّى تَنْكِحَ زَوْجًا غَيْرَهُ " لَرَاجَعْتُهَا، وَقَدْ جَاءَ فِي مُتْعَةِ الْمَدْخُولِ بِهَا مَا.
Suwayd bin Ghafalah (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Al-Khath'amiyyah was married to Sayyiduna Hasan bin Ali (may Allah be pleased with them both). When Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) was martyred and allegiance was pledged to Sayyiduna Hasan (may Allah be pleased with him), Sayyiduna Hasan bin Ali (may Allah be pleased with them both) came to her, and she said: Congratulations to you on the caliphate. Sayyiduna Hasan (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "You have shown joy at the killing of Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him); you are divorced three times." She covered her face with her garment and said: That was not my intention. She stayed on, and when her waiting period ended she left. Sayyiduna Hasan (may Allah be pleased with him) gave her the remainder of her dower (mahr) and 20,000 dirhams as provision (mut'ah). When his messenger arrived and she saw the money, she said: Compared with a departing beloved, this wealth is very little. The messenger told Sayyiduna Hasan bin Ali (may Allah be pleased with them both), and he wept and said: "Had I not heard my father narrating from my grandfather, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him): 'Whoever divorces his wife three times, she is not lawful for him until she marries another husband,' I would have taken her back."
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، أنبأ أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ، أنبأ عَلِيُّ بْنُ عَبْدِ الصَّمَدِ، ثنا أَبُو هَمَّامٍ الْوَلِيدُ بْنُ شُجَاعٍ السَّكُونِيُّ، ثنا مُصْعَبُ بْنُ سَلَّامٍ، ثنا شُعْبَةُ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَقِيلٍ، عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ: لَمَّا طَلَّقَ حَفْصُ بْنُ الْمُغِيرَةِ امْرَأَتَهُ فَاطِمَةَ فَأَتَتِ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ لِزَوْجِهَا: " مَتِّعْهَا " قَالَ: لَا أَجِدُ مَا أُمَتِّعُهَا، قَالَ: " فَإِنَّهُ لَا بُدَّ مِنَ الْمَتَاعِ " قَالَ: " مَتِّعْهَا وَلَوْ نِصْفِ صَاعٍ مِنْ تَمْرٍ " وَقِصَّتُهَا الْمَشْهُورَةُ فِي الْعِدَّةِ دَلِيلٌ عَلَى أَنَّهَا كَانَتْ مَدْخُولًا بِهَا، وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ.
Sayyiduna Jabir bin Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with them both) said: Hafs bin al-Mughirah divorced his wife Fatimah. She came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and he (peace and blessings be upon him) said to her husband: "Give her provision (mut'ah)." He said: I have nothing with which to give her provision. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Provision must be given." He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Give her provision, even if it is only half a sa' of dates." It is a well-known story that her marriage had been consummated.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، وَأَبُو سَعِيدِ بْنُ أَبِي عَمْرٍو قَالَا: ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، ثنا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ مَرْزُوقٍ، ثنا وَهْبُ بْنُ جَرِيرٍ، ثنا شُعْبَةُ، عَنْ أَبِي بِشْرٍ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ قَالَ: " لِكُلِّ مُطَلَّقَةٍ مُتْعَةٌ وَلِلْمُطَلَّقَاتِ مَتَاعٌ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ حَقًّا عَلَى الْمُتَّقِينَ وَرُوِّينَا هَذَا الْقَوْلَ عَنْ أَبِي الْعَالِيَةِ وَالْحَسَنِ وَالزُّهْرِيِّ.
Sa'id bin Jubayr (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Every divorced woman is to be given provision (mut'ah): "And for divorced women is a provision according to what is reasonable, a duty upon the righteous" [Surah al-Baqarah: 241].
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، وَأَبُو سَعِيدِ بْنُ أَبِي عَمْرٍو قَالَا: ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، ثنا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ مَرْزُوقٍ، ثنا أَبُو عَامِرٍ، عَنْ شُعْبَةَ، عَنِ الْحَكَمِ قَالَ: جَاءَتِ امْرَأَةٌ إِلَى شُرَيْحٍ تُخَاصِمُ زَوْجَهَا تَسْأَلُهُ الْمُتْعَةَ وَقَدْ كَانَ طَلَّقَهَا قَالَ: فَقَرَأَ شُرَيْحٌ: {وَلِلْمُطَلَّقَاتِ مَتَاعٌ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ حَقًّا عَلَى الْمُتَّقِينَ} [البقرة: ٢٤١] فَقَالَ لَهُ: " مَتِّعْهَا " وَلَمْ يَقْضِ لَهَا وَرُوِّينَا عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِيرِينَ عَنْ شُرَيْحٍ أَنَّهُ قَالَ لِرَجُلٍ فَارَقَ: لَا تَأْبَى أَنْ تَكُونَ مِنَ الْمُتَّقِينَ لَا تَأْبَى أَنْ تَكُونَ مِنَ الْمُحْسِنِينَ، وَعَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَالشَّعْبِيِّ عَنْ شُرَيْحٍ إِنْ كُنْتَ مِنَ الْمُتَّقِينَ فَمَتِّعْ وَلَمْ يُجْبِرْهُ، وَرُوِّينَا عَنْ شُرَيْحٍ أَنَّهُ جَبَرَهُ عَلَى الْمُتْعَةِ فِي الْمُفَوَّضَةِ قَبْلَ الدُّخُولِ.
Al-Hakam (may Allah have mercy on him) said: A woman whose husband had divorced her was asking him for provision (mut'ah). The case came before the court of Judge Shurayh (may Allah have mercy on him), and Judge Shurayh (may Allah have mercy on him) recited this verse: "And for divorced women is a provision according to what is reasonable, a duty upon the righteous" [Surah al-Baqarah: 241]. Then Judge Shurayh (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Give her provision. But he did not issue a ruling on it.
(b) Judge Shurayh (may Allah have mercy on him) said to a man who had parted from his wife: Do not refuse to be among the righteous and the doers of good.
(c) Al-Sha'bi (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates from Judge Shurayh (may Allah have mercy on him) that he said: If you are among the righteous, then give her provision; but he did not compel him. Judge Shurayh (may Allah have mercy on him) did compel the giving of provision to a woman divorced before consummation.
(b) Judge Shurayh (may Allah have mercy on him) said to a man who had parted from his wife: Do not refuse to be among the righteous and the doers of good.
(c) Al-Sha'bi (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates from Judge Shurayh (may Allah have mercy on him) that he said: If you are among the righteous, then give her provision; but he did not compel him. Judge Shurayh (may Allah have mercy on him) did compel the giving of provision to a woman divorced before consummation.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْقَاسِمِ زَيْدُ بْنُ أَبِي هَاشِمٍ الْعَلَوِيُّ وَأَبُو الْقَاسِمِ عَبْدُ الْوَاحِدِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ النَّجَّارِ الْكُوفِيُّ بِالْكُوفَةِ قَالَا: أنبأ أَبُو جَعْفَرِ بْنُ دُحَيْمٍ الشَّيْبَانِيُّ، ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ حَازِمٍ، ثنا عَمْرُو بْنُ حَمَّادٍ، عَنِ الْحَكَمِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ، عَنْ قَتَادَةَ قَالَ: طَلَّقَ رَجُلٌ امْرَأَتَهُ عِنْدَ شُرَيْحٍ، فَقَالَ لَهُ شُرَيْحٌ: " مَتِّعْهَا "، فَقَالَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ: إِنَّهُ " لَيْسَتْ لِي عَلَيْهِ مُتْعَةٌ إِنَّمَا قَالَ اللهُ: {وَلِلْمُطَلَّقَاتِ مَتَاعٌ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ حَقًّا عَلَى الْمُتَّقِينَ} [البقرة: ٢٤١] وَلِلْمُطَلَّقَاتِ مَتَاعٌ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ حَقًّا عَلَى الْمُحْسِنِينَ، وَلَيْسَ مِنْ أُولَئِكِ ".
Qatadah (may Allah have mercy on him) said: A man divorced his wife in the presence of Judge Shurayh (may Allah have mercy on him), and Judge Shurayh (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "Give her provision (mut'ah)." The woman said: "He is not obliged to give provision." Allah Almighty says: "And for divorced women is a provision according to what is reasonable, a duty upon the righteous" [Surah al-Baqarah: 241]. He is not one of them.
