The preference for hastening the division of fay once it is collected

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Awf bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) that whenever fay' (wealth obtained without fighting) came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), he (peace and blessings be upon him) would distribute it on that same day.

It is narrated from Safwan bin Amr that he (peace and blessings be upon him) gave the unmarried man one share and gave the man with a family two shares. He (peace and blessings be upon him) called me and gave me two shares, as I had a family; then he called Ammar (may Allah be pleased with him) and gave him one share.

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) that wealth was brought to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) from Bahrain. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Spread it out in the mosque." It was the largest amount of wealth ever brought to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) went out to the prayer and did not turn towards it. When he had completed the prayer, he came and sat beside it. He (peace and blessings be upon him) did not see anyone but that he gave him. Then Sayyiduna Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) came and said: O Messenger of Allah! Give me as well, for I paid the ransom for myself and for Aqil. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Take it." So he scooped it into his garment, then tried to lift it but could not. He said: O Messenger of Allah! Order someone to help me lift it. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "No." Sayyiduna Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Then you lift it onto me yourself. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "No (I will not lift it either)." Then he removed some of it, lifted it, put it on his shoulders and went away. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) kept following him with his gaze until he disappeared (from view), wondering at his eagerness. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) did not rise from there as long as a single dirham of it remained.

Abu Umamah said: One day Urwah and I went in to Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her). She said: If only you two had seen the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) in an illness he had. At that time I had six dinars (of his). Musa bin Jubayr said: Or she said seven. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered me to distribute them, but the illness of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) kept me occupied until Allah relieved him. He (peace and blessings be upon him) asked me about them; he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Did you distribute the six or seven dinars?" I said: No, your illness kept me occupied. Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) sent for them, distributed them and said: "What would the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) think if he were to meet Allah while these were with him?"

Sayyidah Umm Salamah (may Allah be pleased with her) said: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) came to me and the colour of his face had changed. I thought it was because of illness. I said: Why has the colour of your face changed? He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Because of the seven dinars that came yesterday and which we have not distributed, and they are lying in the bed."

Hasan bin Muhammad said: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) would neither spend the night with wealth (in his possession) nor take his midday rest with it. Abu Ubayd said: If wealth came in the morning, he would distribute it before midday; and if it came in the evening, he would distribute it before night fell.
This is mursal.

Yahya bin Sa'id (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates from his father that Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) said to Abdullah bin al-Arqam (may Allah be pleased with him): Distribute the treasury of the Muslims once every month; distribute it once every Friday; distribute it once every day. A man from the people said: O Commander of the Faithful! If only you would keep some remainder in the wealth of the Muslims, to have it ready for a calamity or an emergency. Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said to the man who had said this: Satan has spoken on your tongue. Allah has taught me the argument against it and protected me from its evil. I will prepare for it what the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) prepared for it, namely obedience to Allah and His Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him).

Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said that when the wealth taken from Iraq was brought to Umar (may Allah be pleased with him), the keeper of the treasury said: Let me put it into the treasury. Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: No, by the Lord of the Ka'bah! It will not be sheltered under the roof of a house until I distribute it. He ordered that the wealth be placed in the mosque, leather sheets were laid over it, and men from the Muhajirun and Ansar (may Allah be pleased with them) guarded it. When morning came, Abbas bin Abd al-Muttalib and Abdur-Rahman bin Awf (may Allah be pleased with them both) came with Umar (may Allah be pleased with him), holding each other's hands. They removed the leather sheets from the wealth, and he saw a sight without equal: he saw in it gold, rubies, gems and pearls glittering, and he began to weep. One of them said: By Allah, this is not a day for weeping; rather it is a day of gratitude and joy. Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: By Allah! What I am thinking of is not what you are thinking of. By Allah! This has never become abundant among any people except that their strife fell among themselves. Then he turned towards the qiblah, raised his hands towards the sky and said: O Allah! I seek Your refuge from being led on gradually (to ruin), for I hear You say: "We will lead them on gradually from where they do not know." [Surah al-A'raf: 182]. Then he said: Where is Suraqah bin Ju'shum? He was brought, and he gave him the two bracelets of Kisra and said: Wear them. Then he said: Say "Allahu Akbar" (Allah is the Greatest). Then he said: Say "Al-hamdu lillah" (All praise is for Allah) who took them from Kisra bin Hurmuz and put them on Suraqah bin Ju'shum, a Bedouin of Banu Mudlij. He began turning some of it over. Then he said: The one who delivered this is indeed trustworthy. A man said to him: Let me tell you: you are the trustee of Allah, and they deliver to you what you deliver to Allah; when you indulge, they will indulge. Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: You have spoken the truth. Then he distributed it.
Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: He put them on Suraqah because the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) had said to Suraqah, while looking at his forearms: "It is as if I see you wearing the two bracelets of Kisra." And only those two bracelets were given to him.
Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Trustworthy people of Madinah informed us: Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) spent on the people afflicted by the famine (al-Ramadah) until rain fell and they set off back. Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) also rode out to them on a horse and watched them as they departed with their litters, and tears flowed from Umar's (may Allah be pleased with him) eyes. A man from Banu Muharib said: I bear witness that it (the famine) has lifted from you, and you are not the son of a slave woman. Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said to him: Woe to you! That would be so if I had spent from my own wealth or from the wealth of al-Khattab; I only spent on them from the wealth of Allah.

Miswar bin Makhramah (may Allah be pleased with him) said: The spoils of al-Qadisiyyah were brought to Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him), and on seeing them he began to weep. Abdur-Rahman bin Awf (may Allah be pleased with him) was with him; he said: Why are you weeping? This day is a day of joy. He said: Yes, but this has never been brought (to a people) except that it instils enmity and hatred among them.

Ibrahim bin Abdur-Rahman bin Awf (may Allah have mercy on him) said: When the treasures of Kisra were brought to Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him), Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Arqam (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Put it in the treasury. Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Do not put it in the treasury; we will distribute it. And Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) began to weep. Sayyiduna Abdur-Rahman (may Allah be pleased with him) said: O Commander of the Faithful! Why are you weeping? This day is a day of gratitude and joy. Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Whatever people Allah gives this to, enmity and hatred come among them.

It is narrated from Hasan (may Allah have mercy on him) that the fur cloak of Kisra was brought to Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) and placed before him. Among the people was Suraqah bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him). He threw to him the bracelets of Kisra bin Hurmuz, and he put them on his hands, and they reached up to his shoulders. When he saw them on the hands of Suraqah (may Allah be pleased with him), he said: "Al-hamdu lillah" (All praise is for Allah); the bracelets of Kisra bin Hurmuz are on the hands of Suraqah bin Malik, a Bedouin of Banu Mudlij. Then he said: O Allah! I know that Your Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) loved to obtain wealth so that he could spend it in Your path and on Your servants, and You kept him away from it, choosing what was better (for him). O Allah! I know that Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) loved to obtain wealth so that he could spend it in Your path, and You kept him away from it too, choosing what was better. O Allah! I seek refuge in You from this being a trial from You against Umar. Then he recited this verse: "Do they think that what We extend to them of wealth and children is that We hasten for them good things? Rather, they do not perceive." [Surah al-Mu'minun: 55-56].

It is narrated from Sa'id (may Allah have mercy on him) that one day Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) distributed wealth, and they (the people) began to praise him. Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: How foolish you are! If this were mine, I would not give you a single dirham.

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) that when Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) had led a prayer, he would sit, and whoever had a need would speak to him, and if no one had a need, he would go inside. One day he led the prayer and did not sit. I went and said: O Yarfa'! Is the Commander of the Faithful unwell? He said: No, "al-hamdu lillah" (all praise is for Allah). Then Sayyiduna Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him) came and sat as well. Shortly afterwards Yarfa' came and said: O Ibn Affan and O Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both)! Get up. So we went in to Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him), and with him were heaps of wealth, and on each heap was a support. He said: I have found you two to be the people of Madinah with the largest families. So take this wealth and distribute it, and if anything is left over, return it. As for Sayyiduna Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him), he scooped (some of it) up; and I said: And if anything falls short, will you make it up (for us)? Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: It is a habit (inherited) from bad character. Do you think this was with Allah while Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) and his Companions were eating leather? I said: Yes, by Allah! This was with Allah while Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) and his Companions were eating leather, and if this (wealth) had come to Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him), he would not have done as you are doing. It was as if he was alarmed by this, and he said: What would he have done? I said: He (peace and blessings be upon him) would have eaten and fed us. He began to weep until he was choked with sobs, and he said: I wish that I could come out of it even, with nothing against me and nothing for me.

Abu Burdah bin Abi Musa al-Ash'ari (may Allah be pleased with him) said that Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) said: Do you know what my father said to your father? I said: No. He said: My father said to your father: O Abu Musa! Would it please you that our Islam with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), our jihad with him (peace and blessings be upon him) and our every deed with him (peace and blessings be upon him) remain (secured for us), and that whatever deeds we did after him, we merely escape from them? Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) said: Your father said to my father: By Allah! After the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) we waged jihad, we prayed, we fasted and we did a great many good deeds, and a great many people accepted Islam at our hands, and we hope (for reward) for that. My father said: But by the One in whose Hand is my soul! I wish that this would make our matter easy, and that whatever we did after him (peace and blessings be upon him), we merely escape through it. I said: By Allah! Your father was better than my father.