السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب قسم الفيء والغنيمة
Book of the Division of Fai and Spoils of War
جماع أبواب تفريق القسم -- باب: قسمة ما حصل من الغنيمة من دار وأرض وغير ذلك من المال أو شيء
Collected chapters on distributing the shares -- Chapter: Dividing the houses, land and other wealth or things obtained as spoils
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أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ الصَّغَانِيُّ، ثنا مُعَاوِيَةُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو، عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ الْفَزَارِيِّ، عَنْ مَالِكِ بْنِ أَنَسٍ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي ثَوْرٌ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي سَالِمٌ مَوْلَى ابْنِ مُطِيعٍ، أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ يَقُولُ: " افْتَتَحْنَا خَيْبَرَ، فَلَمْ نَغْنَمْ ذَهَبًا وَلَا فِضَّةً، إِنَّمَا غَنِمْنَا الْإِبِلَ وَالْبَقَرَ وَالْمَتَاعَ وَالْحَوَائِطَ " رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ عَمْرٍو.
Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) said: We conquered Khaybar, and we were not given gold or silver as spoils; rather, we were given camels, cattle, goods and orchards as spoils.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَمْرٍو مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْأَدِيبُ، أنا أَبُو بَكْرٍ الْإِسْمَاعِيلِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنِي أَبُو يَعْلَى، ثنا أَبُو خَيْثَمَةَ، وَعُبَيْدُ اللهِ الْقَوَارِيرِيُّ، قَالَا: ثنا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ مَهْدِيٍّ، ثنا مَالِكٌ، عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ أَسْلَمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ: قَالَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ: " لَوْلَا أَنْ أَتْرُكَ آخِرَ النَّاسِ لَا شَيْءَ لَهُمْ مَا افْتَتَحَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ قَرْيَةً إِلَّا قَسَمْتُهَا بَيْنَهُمْ كَمَا قَسَمَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ خَيْبَرَ " رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ صَدَقَةَ بْنِ الْفَضْلِ وَأَبِي مُوسَى، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ.
Sayyiduna Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Were it not for my concern for those who come later, I would have divided among them every town the Muslims conquered, just as the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) divided Khaybar.
أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، أَخْبَرَنِي أَبُو الْحَسَنِ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عُبْدُوسٍ، ثنا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ الدَّارِمِيُّ، ثنا سَعِيدُ بْنُ أَبِي مَرْيَمَ، أَنَّ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ جَعْفَرٍ الْمَدِينِيَّ أَخْبَرَهُمْ قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنِي زَيْدُ بْنُ أَسْلَمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ ⦗٥١٦⦘ يَقُولُ: " أَمَا وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ، لَوْلَا أَنْ أَتْرُكَ آخِرَ النَّاسِ بَبَّانًا لَيْسَ لَهُمْ شَيْءٌ مَا فُتِحَتْ عَلَيَّ قَرْيَةٌ إِلَّا قَسَمْتُهَا كَمَا قَسَمَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ خَيْبَرَ، وَلَكِنْ أَتْرُكُهَا لَهُمْ حِرَاثَةً " رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ أَبِي مَرْيَمَ.
Sayyiduna Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Were it not for my concern for the Muslims who come later, I would have divided among the Muslims every town that was conquered, just as the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) divided Khaybar; but I have left it for them for cultivation.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الرُّوذْبَارِيُّ، أنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَكْرٍ، ثنا أَبُو دَاوُدَ، ثنا الرَّبِيعُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ الْمُؤَذِّنُ، ثنا أَسَدُ بْنُ مُوسَى، ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ زَكَرِيَّا، حَدَّثَنِي سُفْيَانُ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ بَشِيرِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ، عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ أَبِي حَثْمَةَ قَالَ: " قَسَمَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ خَيْبَرَ نِصْفَيْنِ: نِصْفٌ لِنَوَائِبِهِ وَحَاجَتِهِ، وَنِصْفٌ بَيْنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ، قَسَمَهَا بَيْنَهُمْ عَلَى ثَمَانِيَةَ عَشَرَ سَهْمًا ".
Sayyiduna Sahl bin Abi Hathmah (may Allah be pleased with him) said that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) divided Khaybar into two parts: one part (half) for needs, and the other part (half) he divided among the Muslims in eighteen shares.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو سَعِيدِ بْنُ أَبِي عَمْرٍو، ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، ثنا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عَفَّانَ، ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ آدَمَ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ فُضَيْلٍ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ بَشِيرٍ مَوْلَى الْأَنْصَارِ، عَنْ رِجَالٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ " لَمَّا ظَهَرَ عَلَى خَيْبَرَ قَسَمَهَا عَلَى سِتَّةٍ وَثَلَاثِينَ سَهْمًا، جَمَعَ كُلُّ سَهْمٍ مِائَةَ سَهْمٍ، فَكَانَ لِرَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَلِلْمُسْلِمِينَ النِّصْفُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ، وَعَزَلَ النِّصْفَ الْبَاقِيَ لِمَنْ يَنْزِلُ بِهِ بَيْنَ الْوفُودِ وَالْأُمُورِ وَنَوَائِبِ النَّاسِ ".
Bashir, the freed slave of the Ansar, narrates from some of the Companions of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) (may Allah be pleased with them) that when the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) conquered Khaybar, he divided it into thirty-six shares, each share combining a hundred shares. Half of that was for the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and the Muslims, and he set aside the remaining half for delegations, affairs, needs and the like.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الرُّوذْبَارِيُّ، أنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَكْرٍ، ثنا أَبُو دَاوُدَ، ثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ الْكِنْدِيُّ، ثنا أَبُو خَالِدٍ يَعْنِي سُلَيْمَانَ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ بُشَيْرِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ قَالَ: " لَمَّا أَفَاءَ اللهُ عَلَى نَبِيِّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ خَيْبَرَ قَسَمَهَا عَلَى سِتَّةٍ وَثَلَاثِينَ سَهْمًا، جَمَعَ كُلُّ سَهْمٍ مِائَةَ سَهْمٍ، فَعَزَلَ نِصْفَهَا لِنَوَائِبِهِ وَمَا يَنْزِلُ بِهِ الْوَطِيحَةَ وَالْكَتِيبَةَ وَمَا أُجِيزَ مَعَهُمَا، وَعَزَلَ النِّصْفَ الْآخَرَ فَقَسَمَهُ بَيْنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ، الشِّقَّ وَالنَّطَاةَ وَمَا أُجِيزَ مَعَهُمَا، وَكَانَ سَهْمُ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِيمَا أُجِيزَ مَعَهُمْ " قَالَ الشَّيْخُ: وَالْعِلَّةُ فِيمَا لَمْ يَقْسِمْ مِنْهَا بَيْنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ أَنَّهُ فُتِحَ صُلْحًا، وَكَانَ لِرَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ خَاصَّةً.
Bushayr bin Yasar (may Allah have mercy on him) said: When Allah Almighty granted Khaybar to His Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) (as fay'), he (peace and blessings be upon him) divided it into thirty-six shares, each share combining a hundred shares. He set aside half of it (namely al-Watihah, al-Katibah and what was attached to them) for needs and for delegations and the like, and he set aside the other half (namely al-Shiqq, al-Natat and what was attached to them) and divided it among the Muslims; and the share of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was within what was attached to them.
وَذَلِكَ بَيِّنٌ فِيمَا أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو سَعِيدِ بْنُ أَبِي عَمْرٍو، ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ الْأَصَمُّ، ثنا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عَفَّانَ، ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ آدَمَ، حَدَّثَنِي ابْنُ أَبِي زَائِدَةَ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، وَعَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ، وَبَعْضِ وَلَدِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مَسْلَمَةَ، قَالُوا: " بَقِيَتْ بَقِيَةٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ خَيْبَرَ فَحَصَّنُوا، فَسَأَلُوا رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنْ تُحْقَنَ دِمَاؤُهُمْ وَيُسَيِّرَهُمْ، فَفَعَلَ، فَسَمِعَ بِذَلِكَ أَهْلُ فَدَكٍ، فَنَزَلُوا عَلَى مِثْلِهِ، فَكَانَتْ لِرَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ خَالِصَةً؛ لِأَنَّهُ لَمْ يُوجَفْ عَلَيْهَا بِخَيْلٍ وَلَا رِكَابٍ ".
Al-Zuhri and Abdullah bin Abi Bakr (may Allah have mercy on them) related that some of the people of Khaybar remained and shut themselves up in the fortress. They asked the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) to spare their lives and to let them leave (the land). He (peace and blessings be upon him) did so. The people of Fadak heard of this, and they too came down on the same terms. So it belonged purely to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), because no horses or camels had been spurred against it.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الرُّوذْبَارِيُّ، أنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَكْرٍ، ثنا أَبُو دَاوُدَ قَالَ: قُرِئَ عَلَى الْحَارِثِ بْنِ مِسْكِينٍ وَأَنَا شَاهِدٌ، أَخْبَرَكُمُ ابْنُ وَهْبٍ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي مَالِكٌ، عَنِ ابْنِ ⦗٥١٧⦘ شِهَابٍ " أَنَّ خَيْبَرَ كَانَ بَعْضُهَا عَنْوَةً، وَبَعْضُهَا صُلْحًا، وَالْكَتِيبَةُ أَكْثَرُهَا عَنْوَةً، وَفِيهَا صُلْحٌ " قُلْتُ لِمَالِكٍ: وَمَا الْكَتِيبَةُ؟ قَالَ: " أَرْضُ خَيْبَرَ، وَهِيَ أَرْبَعُونَ أَلْفَ عِذْقٍ ".
It is reported from Ibn Shihab (may Allah have mercy on him) that part of Khaybar was taken by force, that is, conquered by fighting, and part was settled by treaty through an agreement; most of al-Katibah was taken by force through fighting, and with some of it a treaty was also made. I said to Malik (may Allah have mercy on him): What was al-Katibah? He said: The land of Khaybar in which there were forty thousand date palms.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو زَكَرِيَّا بْنُ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ، وَأَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ، قَالَا: ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْحَكَمِ، أنبأ ابْنُ وَهْبٍ، أَخْبَرَنَا ابْنُ لَهِيعَةَ، عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ أَبِي حَبِيبٍ، عَمَّنْ، سَمِعَ عَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ الْمُغِيرَةِ بْنِ أَبِي بُرْدَةَ يَقُولُ: سَمِعْتُ سُفْيَانَ بْنَ وَهْبٍ الْخَوْلَانِيَّ يَقُولُ: إِنَّا لَمَّا فَتَحْنَا مِصْرَ بِغَيْرِ عَهْدٍ قَامَ الزُّبَيْرُ بْنُ الْعَوَّامِ فَقَالَ: اقْسِمْهَا يَا عَمْرُو بْنُ الْعَاصِ، فَقَالَ عَمْرٌو: لَا أَقْسِمُهَا، فَقَالَ الزُّبَيْرُ: وَاللهِ لَتَقْسِمَنَّهَا كَمَا قَسَمَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ خَيْبَرَ، فَقَالَ عَمْرٌو: وَاللهِ لَا أَقْسِمُهَا حَتَّى أَكْتُبَ إِلَى أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ، فَكَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ: " أَقِرَّهَا حَتَّى تَغْزُوَ مِنْهَا حَبَلُ الْحَبَلَةِ ".
Sufyan bin Wahb al-Khawlani said: When we conquered Egypt without a treaty, al-Zubayr bin al-Awwam (may Allah be pleased with him) stood up and said: O Amr bin al-As (may Allah be pleased with him), divide it. Amr (may Allah be pleased with him) said: I will not divide it. Al-Zubayr (may Allah be pleased with him) said: By Allah, you shall divide it, just as the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) divided Khaybar. Amr (may Allah be pleased with him) said: I will not divide it until I write to the Commander of the Believers. Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) wrote: Leave it as it is (undivided), so that the offspring of the offspring (generations to come) may campaign from it.
قَالَ: وَأَخْبَرَنِي ابْنُ لَهِيعَةَ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي خَالِدُ بْنُ مَيْمُونٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ، عَنْ سُفْيَانَ بْنِ وَهْبٍ بِهَذَا، إِلَّا أَنَّهُ قَالَ: فَقَالَ عَمْرٌو: لَمْ أَكُنْ لِأُحْدِثَ فِيهَا شَيْئًا حَتَّى أَكْتُبَ إِلَى عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ، فَكَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ، فَكَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ بِهَذَا.
Sufyan bin Wahb (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Amr (may Allah be pleased with him) said: I will not say anything about it until I write to Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him). Amr (may Allah be pleased with him) wrote to Umar (may Allah be pleased with him), and Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) replied.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو زَكَرِيَّا بْنُ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ، وَأَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ، قَالَا: ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ، أنا مُحَمَّدٌ، أنا ابْنُ وَهْبٍ، أَخْبَرَنِي مَالِكُ بْنُ أَنَسٍ، عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ أَسْلَمَ، أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ لَمَّا افْتَتَحَ الشَّامَ، فَقَامَ إِلَيْهِ بِلَالٌ فَقَالَ: لَتَقْسِمَنَّهَا أَوْ لَنَتَضَارَبَنَّ عَلَيْهَا بِالسَّيْفِ، فَقَالَ عُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ: " لَوْلَا أَنِّي أَتْرُكُ، يَعْنِي النَّاسَ، بَبَّانًا لَا شَيْءَ لَهُمْ مَا فُتِحَتْ قَرْيَةٌ إِلَّا قَسَمْتُهَا سُهْمَانًا كَمَا قَسَمَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ خَيْبَرَ، وَلَكِنْ أَتْرُكُهَا لِمَنْ بَعْدَهُمْ جِرْيَةً يَقْسِمُونَهَا " وَرَوَاهُ نَافِعٌ مَوْلَى ابْنِ عُمَرَ قَالَ: أَصَابَ النَّاسُ فَتْحًا بِالشَّامِ، فِيهِمْ بِلَالٌ، قَالَ: وَأَظُنُّهُ ذَكَرَ مُعَاذَ بْنَ جَبَلٍ، فَكَتَبُوا إِلَى عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ فِي قِسْمَتِهِ كَمَا صَنَعَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِخَيْبَرَ، فَأَبَى وَأَبَوْا، فَدَعَا عَلَيْهِمْ فَقَالَ: اللهُمَّ اكْفِنِي بِلَالًا وَأَصْحَابَ بِلَالٍ. وَفِي كُلِّ ذَلِكَ دَلَالَةٌ عَلَى أَنَّ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ كَانَ يَرَى مِنَ الْمَصْلَحَةِ إِقْرَارَ الْأَرَاضِي، وَكَانَ يَطْلُبُ اسْتِطَابَةَ قُلُوبِ الْغَانِمِينَ، وَإِذَا لَمْ يَرْضَوْا بِتَرْكِهَا فَالْحُجَّةُ فِي قِسْمَتِهَا قَائِمَةٌ بِمَا ثَبَتَ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي قِسْمَتِهِ خَيْبَرَ، وَقَدْ خَالَفَ الزُّبَيْرُ بْنُ الْعَوَّامِ وَبِلَالٌ وَأَصْحَابُهُ، وَمُعَاذٌ عَلَى الشَّكِّ مِنَ الرَّاوِي، عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ فِيمَا رَأَى وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ، وَقَدْ رُوِّينَا عَنْ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ فِي فَتْحِ السَّوَادِ وَقِسْمَتِهِ بَيْنَ الْغَانِمِينَ حَتَّى اسْتَطَابَ قُلُوبَهُمْ بِالرَّدِّ، مَا يُوَافِقُ قَوْلَ غَيْرِهِ، وَذَلِكَ يَرِدُ فِي مَوْضِعِهِ مِنَ الْمُخْتَصَرَاتِ إِنْ شَاءَ اللهُ تَعَالَى.
It is narrated from Zayd bin Aslam that when Syria was conquered, Sayyiduna Bilal (may Allah be pleased with him) stood up before Sayyiduna Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) and said: You shall divide it, or else we will fight over it with swords. Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "Were it not for my concern for the people, I would have divided every town that is conquered into shares, just as the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) divided Khaybar; but I have left it as jizyah for those who come after, which they will share among themselves."
(b) Nafi' (may Allah have mercy on him) said: The people won a conquest in Syria, and Sayyiduna Bilal (may Allah be pleased with him) was among them. The narrator said: I think he also mentioned Sayyiduna Mu'adh bin Jabal (may Allah be pleased with him). They wrote to Sayyiduna Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) about dividing it, as the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) had divided Khaybar. Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) refused, and they too refused. So he supplicated against them and said: 'Allahumma-kfini Bilalan wa ashaba Bilal' (O Allah, suffice me against Bilal and the companions of Bilal).
And in this there is evidence that Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) kept the land (undivided) for the general good, and that he sought the goodwill of those who had won the spoils; and if they are not content to leave it, the case for dividing it stands, because the division of Khaybar is established from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). Sayyiduna al-Zubayr bin al-Awwam (may Allah be pleased with him), Sayyiduna Bilal (may Allah be pleased with him) and his companions, and Sayyiduna Mu'adh (may Allah be pleased with him) (about whom the narrator is in doubt) disagreed with Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him).
(b) Nafi' (may Allah have mercy on him) said: The people won a conquest in Syria, and Sayyiduna Bilal (may Allah be pleased with him) was among them. The narrator said: I think he also mentioned Sayyiduna Mu'adh bin Jabal (may Allah be pleased with him). They wrote to Sayyiduna Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) about dividing it, as the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) had divided Khaybar. Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) refused, and they too refused. So he supplicated against them and said: 'Allahumma-kfini Bilalan wa ashaba Bilal' (O Allah, suffice me against Bilal and the companions of Bilal).
And in this there is evidence that Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) kept the land (undivided) for the general good, and that he sought the goodwill of those who had won the spoils; and if they are not content to leave it, the case for dividing it stands, because the division of Khaybar is established from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). Sayyiduna al-Zubayr bin al-Awwam (may Allah be pleased with him), Sayyiduna Bilal (may Allah be pleased with him) and his companions, and Sayyiduna Mu'adh (may Allah be pleased with him) (about whom the narrator is in doubt) disagreed with Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him).
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو طَاهِرٍ الْفَقِيهُ، وَأَبُو يَعْلَى الْمُهَلَّبِيُّ، قَالَا: أنا أَبُو بَكْرٍ الْقَطَّانُ، ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ، ثنا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، أنا مَعْمَرٌ، عَنْ هَمَّامِ بْنِ مُنَبِّهٍ قَالَ: هَذَا مَا حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ ⦗٥١٨⦘ قَالَ: وَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " أَيُّمَا قَرْيَةٍ أَتَيْتُمُوهَا وَأَقَمْتُمْ فِيهَا فَسَهْمُكُمْ "، أَظُنُّهُ قَالَ: " فَهِيَ لَكُمْ " أَوْ نَحْوَهُ مِنَ الْكَلَامِ، " وَأَيُّمَا قَرْيَةٍ عَصَتِ اللهَ وَرَسُولَهُ فَإِنَّ خُمُسَهَا لِلَّهِ وَلِرَسُولِهِ، ثُمَّ هِيَ لَكُمْ " رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ حَنْبَلٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّزَّاقِ، وَقَالَ فِي مَتْنِهِ: " أَيُّمَا قَرْيَةٍ أَتَيْتُمُوهَا فَأَقَمْتُمْ فِيهَا فَسَهْمُكُمْ فِيهَا "، وَرَوَاهُ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ رَافِعٍ وَغَيْرُهُ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّزَّاقِ، وَقَالُوا فِي مَتْنِهِ: " فَسَهْمُكُمْ فِيهَا " فَيُحْتَمَلُ أَنْ يَكُونَ الْمُرَادُ بِهِ " فَسَهْمُكُمْ " أَيْ سَهْمُ الْمَصَالِحِ مِنْ مَالِ الْفَيْءِ، ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ بَعْدَهُ مَا فُتِحَ عَنْوَةً.
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Any town you come to and stay in, you have your share in it, or it is yours; and any town (whose people) disobey Allah and His Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him), its one-fifth (khumus) is for Allah and His Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him), and the remaining four parts are yours."
