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السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب قسم الفيء والغنيمة
Book of the Division of Fai and Spoils of War
جماع أبواب تفريق القسم -- باب: قسمة ما حصل من الغنيمة من دار وأرض وغير ذلك من المال أو شيء
Collected chapters on distributing the shares -- Chapter: Dividing the houses, land and other wealth or things obtained as spoils
Bayhaqi 12830 — Collected chapters on distributing the shares
اُردوEn
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو زَكَرِيَّا بْنُ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ، وَأَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ، قَالَا: ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ، أنا مُحَمَّدٌ، أنا ابْنُ وَهْبٍ، أَخْبَرَنِي مَالِكُ بْنُ أَنَسٍ، عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ أَسْلَمَ، أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ لَمَّا افْتَتَحَ الشَّامَ، فَقَامَ إِلَيْهِ بِلَالٌ فَقَالَ: لَتَقْسِمَنَّهَا أَوْ لَنَتَضَارَبَنَّ عَلَيْهَا بِالسَّيْفِ، فَقَالَ عُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ: " لَوْلَا أَنِّي أَتْرُكُ، يَعْنِي النَّاسَ، بَبَّانًا لَا شَيْءَ لَهُمْ مَا فُتِحَتْ قَرْيَةٌ إِلَّا قَسَمْتُهَا سُهْمَانًا كَمَا قَسَمَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ خَيْبَرَ، وَلَكِنْ أَتْرُكُهَا لِمَنْ بَعْدَهُمْ جِرْيَةً يَقْسِمُونَهَا " وَرَوَاهُ نَافِعٌ مَوْلَى ابْنِ عُمَرَ قَالَ: أَصَابَ النَّاسُ فَتْحًا بِالشَّامِ، فِيهِمْ بِلَالٌ، قَالَ: وَأَظُنُّهُ ذَكَرَ مُعَاذَ بْنَ جَبَلٍ، فَكَتَبُوا إِلَى عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ فِي قِسْمَتِهِ كَمَا صَنَعَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِخَيْبَرَ، فَأَبَى وَأَبَوْا، فَدَعَا عَلَيْهِمْ فَقَالَ: اللهُمَّ اكْفِنِي بِلَالًا وَأَصْحَابَ بِلَالٍ. وَفِي كُلِّ ذَلِكَ دَلَالَةٌ عَلَى أَنَّ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ كَانَ يَرَى مِنَ الْمَصْلَحَةِ إِقْرَارَ الْأَرَاضِي، وَكَانَ يَطْلُبُ اسْتِطَابَةَ قُلُوبِ الْغَانِمِينَ، وَإِذَا لَمْ يَرْضَوْا بِتَرْكِهَا فَالْحُجَّةُ فِي قِسْمَتِهَا قَائِمَةٌ بِمَا ثَبَتَ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي قِسْمَتِهِ خَيْبَرَ، وَقَدْ خَالَفَ الزُّبَيْرُ بْنُ الْعَوَّامِ وَبِلَالٌ وَأَصْحَابُهُ، وَمُعَاذٌ عَلَى الشَّكِّ مِنَ الرَّاوِي، عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ فِيمَا رَأَى وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ، وَقَدْ رُوِّينَا عَنْ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ فِي فَتْحِ السَّوَادِ وَقِسْمَتِهِ بَيْنَ الْغَانِمِينَ حَتَّى اسْتَطَابَ قُلُوبَهُمْ بِالرَّدِّ، مَا يُوَافِقُ قَوْلَ غَيْرِهِ، وَذَلِكَ يَرِدُ فِي مَوْضِعِهِ مِنَ الْمُخْتَصَرَاتِ إِنْ شَاءَ اللهُ تَعَالَى.
It is narrated from Zayd bin Aslam that when Syria was conquered, Sayyiduna Bilal (may Allah be pleased with him) stood up before Sayyiduna Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) and said: You shall divide it, or else we will fight over it with swords. Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "Were it not for my concern for the people, I would have divided every town that is conquered into shares, just as the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) divided Khaybar; but I have left it as jizyah for those who come after, which they will share among themselves."
(b) Nafi' (may Allah have mercy on him) said: The people won a conquest in Syria, and Sayyiduna Bilal (may Allah be pleased with him) was among them. The narrator said: I think he also mentioned Sayyiduna Mu'adh bin Jabal (may Allah be pleased with him). They wrote to Sayyiduna Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) about dividing it, as the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) had divided Khaybar. Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) refused, and they too refused. So he supplicated against them and said: 'Allahumma-kfini Bilalan wa ashaba Bilal' (O Allah, suffice me against Bilal and the companions of Bilal).
And in this there is evidence that Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) kept the land (undivided) for the general good, and that he sought the goodwill of those who had won the spoils; and if they are not content to leave it, the case for dividing it stands, because the division of Khaybar is established from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). Sayyiduna al-Zubayr bin al-Awwam (may Allah be pleased with him), Sayyiduna Bilal (may Allah be pleased with him) and his companions, and Sayyiduna Mu'adh (may Allah be pleased with him) (about whom the narrator is in doubt) disagreed with Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him).
(b) Nafi' (may Allah have mercy on him) said: The people won a conquest in Syria, and Sayyiduna Bilal (may Allah be pleased with him) was among them. The narrator said: I think he also mentioned Sayyiduna Mu'adh bin Jabal (may Allah be pleased with him). They wrote to Sayyiduna Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) about dividing it, as the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) had divided Khaybar. Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) refused, and they too refused. So he supplicated against them and said: 'Allahumma-kfini Bilalan wa ashaba Bilal' (O Allah, suffice me against Bilal and the companions of Bilal).
And in this there is evidence that Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) kept the land (undivided) for the general good, and that he sought the goodwill of those who had won the spoils; and if they are not content to leave it, the case for dividing it stands, because the division of Khaybar is established from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). Sayyiduna al-Zubayr bin al-Awwam (may Allah be pleased with him), Sayyiduna Bilal (may Allah be pleased with him) and his companions, and Sayyiduna Mu'adh (may Allah be pleased with him) (about whom the narrator is in doubt) disagreed with Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him).
