Yahya bin Yahya (may Allah have mercy on him) says: I read before Malik (may Allah have mercy on him), with the chain of Nafi' (may Allah have mercy on him), from Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both), from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), the hadith that he (peace and blessings be upon him) mentioned Ramadan and said: "Do not fast until you see the new moon, and do not break the fast until you see it. If it is clouded over for you, then estimate (the days) for it."
In the narration of al-Qa'nabi (may Allah have mercy on him): the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) mentioned Ramadan and said: "If it is clouded over for you."
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الصيام / 7922
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) says that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The month is only twenty-nine days. So do not fast until you see the moon, and do not break the fast until you see the moon. If it is clouded over for you, then estimate (the days) for it."
Nafi' says: The moon would be looked for on behalf of Sayyiduna Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) when twenty-nine days of Sha'ban had passed. If it was seen, he would fast; if it was not seen and nothing obstructed the view of it, he would be in a state of not fasting. If clouds or the like obstructed the view of the moon, he would begin the morning fasting. And he would end the fast together with the people and would not rely on any calculation.
Ibn Awn says: I mentioned the practice of Sayyiduna Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) to Muhammad bin Sirin, and he did not like it.
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الصيام / 7923
Salim (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates from his father that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "When you see the new moon, fast; and when you see it, break the fast; and if it is clouded over for you, then estimate the days."
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الصيام / 7924
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) says that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The month is twenty-nine days; so do not fast until you see the moon, and do not break the fast until you see the moon. If it is clouded over for you, then estimate (the days)."
Imam al-Bukhari (may Allah have mercy on him) recorded the same from Malik (may Allah have mercy on him), except that he said: Complete the count of thirty days.
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الصيام / 7925
Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) stated that Malik mentioned it likewise and said: If it is clouded over for you, then complete the count of thirty. It is reported from Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) mentioned Ramadan and said: "If it is clouded over for you, then complete the number of thirty."
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الصيام / 7926
Muhammad bin Ibrahim (may Allah have mercy on him) said that Ibn Bukayr narrated the hadith to us in the same way.
It seems that he mentioned both hadiths together, and the scribe made an error, so part of the text of the second hadith entered the first chain. If the narration of al-Shafi'i and al-Qa'nabi (through al-Bukhari from him) is preserved, then it is possible that Malik narrated it in both wordings; and Allah knows best. Isma'il bin Ja'far narrated it from Abdullah bin Dinar similar to the first narration from Malik.
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الصيام / 7927
Abdullah bin Dinar (may Allah have mercy on him) said that he heard Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) say that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The month is twenty-nine nights. Do not fast until you see it (the crescent), and do not break the fast until you see (the crescent), unless it is clouded over you. If it is clouded over you, then estimate the days."
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الصيام / 7928
Ayyub (may Allah have mercy on him) said that Umar bin Abdul Aziz (may Allah have mercy on him) wrote to the people of Basrah that this had reached us from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). Then he narrated a hadith like that of Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) and said: "It is good that the days be estimated: we saw the crescent of Sha'ban on such-and-such a day, so Ramadan falls on such-and-such a day. But if the crescent is seen before that, then act according to it."
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الصيام / 7929
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) said that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) gestured with his hands three times: "The month is like this, like this and like this." Then the third time he folded his thumb and said: "If it is clouded over you, then complete thirty days."
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الصيام / 7930
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) said that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Allah, the Blessed and Exalted, has made the crescent moons markers of time. So when you see it, fast, and when you see it, break the fast; and if it is clouded over you, then complete thirty days."
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الصيام / 7931
Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) said that Abu al-Qasim (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Fast upon sighting it (the crescent) and break the fast upon its appearing. If in that month it is clouded over you, then count thirty days, that is, thirty days of Sha'ban." Imam al-Bukhari (may Allah have mercy on him) said: If it is cloudy, then complete thirty days of Sha'ban.
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الصيام / 7932
Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) said that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Fast upon its appearing and break the fast upon its appearing. If in that month it is clouded over you, then count thirty days."
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الصيام / 7933
Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) said that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "When you see the crescent, fast, and when you see it, break the fast. If it is clouded over you, then fast thirty days."
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الصيام / 7934
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) mentioned the crescent and said: "Fast upon its appearing and break the fast upon its appearing; if it is clouded over you, then complete thirty days."
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الصيام / 7935
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Indeed, Allah Almighty has lengthened it in order to show it to you; if it is clouded over you, then complete the count."
Ikrimah narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) concerning completing the count of thirty days, and others besides him narrated it as well.
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الصيام / 7936
Jabir bin Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with them both) said that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "When you see the crescent, fast, and when you see it, break the fast. If it is clouded over you, then count thirty days."
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الصيام / 7937
Sayyiduna Abu Bakrah (may Allah be pleased with him) said that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Fast upon its appearing and break the fast upon its appearing; if it is cloudy over you, then count thirty days."
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الصيام / 7938
Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) said that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) used to keep count of the month of Sha'ban to a degree that he did not observe for any other month. Then he would fast upon sighting the crescent of Ramadan. If it was cloudy, he would complete thirty days and then fast.
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الصيام / 7939
Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) said that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Count the days of Sha'ban for Ramadan."
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الصيام / 7940
Yahya bin Yahya (may Allah have mercy on him) narrated a similar hadith and also said: "Do not fall into doubt concerning Ramadan, that is, do not mix it up, unless it coincides with the fasts you used to keep on those days beforehand. So fast upon seeing it and break the fast upon seeing it; if it is clouded over, then clouds do not cover the count."
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الصيام / 7941