It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "None of you should precede Ramadan with one or two days of fasting, unless it is a fast that a man has already been keeping; then he may fast that day."
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الصيام / 7942
Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) said that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Do not precede Ramadan by one or two days, unless it is a person who has already been fasting; then he may fast."
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الصيام / 7943
Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) said that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Do not precede this month (Ramadan) by one or two days, unless it coincides with the fast of one of you who used to keep it beforehand. Fast upon seeing it and break the fast upon seeing it. If it is clouded over you, then break the fast after completing thirty days."
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الصيام / 7944
Sayyiduna Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) said that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Do not precede this month; rather, fast upon its appearing and break the fast upon its appearing. If clouds or the like cover it over you, then complete the count of thirty."
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الصيام / 7945
Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) said: I am amazed at those people who fast before Ramadan, for the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "When you see the crescent, fast, and when you see it, break the fast. If it is clouded over you, then complete the count of thirty."
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الصيام / 7946
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) said that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Fast upon its appearing and break the fast upon its appearing. If clouds or the like come between you and it, then complete the count, and do not go out to meet the month (that is, do not welcome Ramadan by fasting a day of Sha'ban)."
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الصيام / 7947
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) said that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Do not go out to meet this month by fasting one or two days, unless someone is fasting for some other reason. Do not fast until you see it, then keep fasting until you see it. If clouds or the like intervene, then complete thirty days, then break the fast. The month can also be twenty-nine days."
Abu Dawud said: Hatim bin Abi Saghirah, Shu'bah and al-Hasan bin Salih narrated it from Simak with the same meaning, but they did not say: "then break the fast." The Shaykh said: Abu Awanah narrated it from Simak in abridged form and made the completion of the count apply to Sha'ban.
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الصيام / 7948
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) said that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Fast Ramadan upon the appearing of it (the crescent) and break the fast upon its appearing. If clouds come between you and it, then complete thirty days of Sha'ban, and do not welcome Ramadan by fasting a day in Sha'ban."
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الصيام / 7949
Sayyiduna Hudhayfah (may Allah be pleased with him) said that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Do not precede the month until you see the crescent or complete the count; then fast until you see the crescent or complete the count."
Jarir narrated it from Mansur as connected, mentioning Hudhayfah in it, and he is thiqah (trustworthy) and a hujjah (authority); al-Thawri and a group narrated it from Mansur, from Rib'i, from one of the Companions of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him).
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الصيام / 7950
Qays bin Talq (may Allah have mercy on him) narrated from his father that he said: I heard a man asking the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) about the day of doubt, some of them saying it is Sha'ban and some saying it is Ramadan. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Do not fast until you see the crescent, and do not break the fast until you see the crescent; and if it is clouded over you, then complete the count of thirty."
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الصيام / 7951
Silah bin Zufar said: We were with Ammar bin Yasir (may Allah be pleased with him) when a roasted goat was brought. He said: Eat. Some of the people moved aside, and one said: I am fasting. Ammar bin Yasir (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "Whoever fasts on the day of doubt has disobeyed Abu al-Qasim (peace and blessings be upon him)."
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الصيام / 7952
Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) said that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) forbade fasting one day before Ramadan, and fasting on Eid al-Adha, Eid al-Fitr and the days of Tashriq (the three days after the Day of Sacrifice).
Abu Abbad is Abdullah bin Sa'id al-Maqburi, and he is not strong.
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الصيام / 7953
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Ukaym (may Allah be pleased with him) said that when it was the night of doubt, Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) would stand after the Maghrib prayer and say: This is the month whose fasting Allah has made obligatory upon you, and He has not made its night prayer obligatory. Whoever among you is able to stand in prayer, let him stand, for it is a voluntary good deed that Allah has commanded; and whoever is not able, let him sleep in his bed. Let no one say: If so-and-so fasts, I will fast, and if he stands in prayer, I will stand in prayer. So whoever fasts or stands in prayer, let him do it for Allah. Lessen idle talk in the houses of Allah, and know that as long as one is waiting for the prayer, he is in prayer. Beware! Let none of you precede the month. "Fast upon its appearing and break the fast upon its appearing. If it is clouded over you, then count thirty days of Sha'ban." Then do not break the fast until the night has hidden behind the hillocks.
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الصيام / 7954
Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that when the month of Ramadan came, he would deliver a sermon and then say: "This is the blessed month whose fasting Allah has made obligatory, and He has not made its night prayer obligatory. A man should beware of saying: If so-and-so fasts, I will fast, and when so-and-so breaks the fast, I will break the fast. Beware! Fasting is not refraining from food and drink; rather, it is refraining from lies, falsehood and idle talk. Beware! Do not precede this month. When you see the crescent, fast, and when you see it, break the fast. If it is clouded over you, then complete the count." The narrator said: He used to say this after the Asr prayer or the Fajr prayer.
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الصيام / 7955
Al-Sha'bi (may Allah have mercy on him) narrated from Masruq (may Allah have mercy on him) that Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) used to say the same.
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الصيام / 7956
Abdul Aziz bin Hakim al-Hadrami said: I heard Sayyiduna Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) say: If I were to fast the whole year, I would still break the fast on the day of doubt about Ramadan.
Imam al-Thawri (may Allah have mercy on him) narrated from Abdul Aziz that he said: I saw Sayyiduna Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) ordering a man to break the fast on that very day about which there is doubt.
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الصيام / 7958
Abdur-Rahman bin Abis al-Nakha'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said that Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) said: That I should not fast one day of Ramadan and then make it up is dearer to me than that I add to it a day that is not part of it.
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الصيام / 7959
Abu Salamah (may Allah have mercy on him) narrated from Hammam that Qatadah (may Allah have mercy on him) said: They differed about a day of which it was not known whether it was from Ramadan or from Sha'ban, so we came to Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) and found him sitting and eating his morning meal. Hudhayfah bin al-Yaman (may Allah be pleased with him) used to forbid fasting on the day of doubt, and Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) used to say: Make a separation between Sha'ban and Ramadan by not fasting.
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الصيام / 7960