السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الجنائز
Book of Funerals
باب: الصلاة على من قتل نفسه غير مستحل لقتلها
Praying over one who killed himself without deeming it lawful
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أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ الْفَقِيهُ الْأَصْبَهَانِيُّ، أنبأ عَلِيُّ بْنُ عُمَرَ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا أَبُو رَوْقٍ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ بَكْرٍ بِالْبَصْرَةِ، ثنا بَحْرُ بْنُ نَصْرٍ، ثنا ابْنُ وَهْبٍ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي مُعَاوِيَةُ بْنُ صَالِحٍ، عَنِ الْعَلَاءِ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ، عَنْ مَكْحُولٍ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى الله عَلَيهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: " صَلُّوا خَلْفَ كُلِّ بَرٍّ وَفَاجِرٍ وَصَلُّوا عَلَى كُلِّ بَرٍّ وَفَاجِرٍ وَجَاهِدُوا مَعَ كُلِّ بَرٍّ وَفَاجِرٍ " قَالَ عَلِيٌّ: مَكْحُولٌ لَمْ يَسْمَعْ مِنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، وَمَنْ دُونَهُ ثِقَاتٌ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ: قَدْ رُوِيَ فِي الصَّلَاةِ عَلَى كُلِّ بَرٍّ وَفَاجِرٍ وَالصَّلَاةِ عَلَى مَنْ قَالَ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ، أَحَادِيثُ كُلُّهَا ضَعِيفَةٌ غَايَةَ الضَّعْفِ، وَأَصَحُّ مَا رُوِيَ فِي هَذَا الْبَابِ حَدِيثُ مَكْحُولٍ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، وَقَدْ أَخْرَجَهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ فِي كِتَابِ السُّنَنِ، إِلَّا أَنَّ فِيهِ إِرْسَالًا كَمَا ذَكَرَهُ الدَّارَقُطْنِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ، وَأَمَّا الْحَدِيثُ الَّذِي:.
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Pray behind every righteous and wicked person, offer the funeral prayer over every wicked and righteous person, and wage jihad alongside every righteous and wicked person."
Ali (al-Daraqutni) says: Makhul did not hear from Abu Hurayrah, and those below him are thiqat (trustworthy). Al-Shaykh says: Regarding the funeral prayer over every righteous and wicked person, and the funeral prayer over whoever said 'La ilaha illallah' (There is none worthy of worship except Allah), hadiths have been narrated which are all extremely weak; the most authentic of what has been narrated on this subject is the hadith of Makhul from Abu Hurayrah, which Abu Dawud recorded in his Sunan, except that there is irsal (a missing link) in it, as al-Daraqutni (may Allah have mercy on him) mentioned.
Ali (al-Daraqutni) says: Makhul did not hear from Abu Hurayrah, and those below him are thiqat (trustworthy). Al-Shaykh says: Regarding the funeral prayer over every righteous and wicked person, and the funeral prayer over whoever said 'La ilaha illallah' (There is none worthy of worship except Allah), hadiths have been narrated which are all extremely weak; the most authentic of what has been narrated on this subject is the hadith of Makhul from Abu Hurayrah, which Abu Dawud recorded in his Sunan, except that there is irsal (a missing link) in it, as al-Daraqutni (may Allah have mercy on him) mentioned.
أَخْبَرَنَاهُ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى، ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ يُونُسَ وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ، أَخْبَرَنِي أَحْمَدُ بْنُ سَهْلٍ الْبُخَارِيُّ، ثنا صَالِحُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ حَبِيبٍ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا عَوْنُ بْنُ سَلَّامٍ قَالَا: ثنا زُهَيْرٌ، عَنْ سِمَاكٍ، عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ سَمُرَةَ، قَالَ: " أُتِيَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى الله عَلَيهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِرَجُلٍ قَتَلَ نَفْسَهَ بِمَشَاقِصَ فَلَمْ يُصَلِّ عَلَيْهِ " هَذَا لَفْظُ حَدِيثِ عَوْنِ بْنِ سَلَّامٍ، وَفِي حَدِيثِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ يُونُسَ قَالَ: مَرِضَ رَجُلٌ فَصِيحَ عَلَيْهِ فَجَاءَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى الله عَلَيهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَقَالَ: إِنَّهُ مَاتَ، قَالَ: " مَا يُدْرِيكَ "، قَالَ: إِنَّهُ صِيحَ عَلَيْهِ، قَالَ: رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى الله عَلَيهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " إِنَّهُ لَمْ يَمُتْ "، ثُمَّ انْطَلَقَ الرَّجُلُ، فَرَآهُ قَدْ نَحَرَ نَفْسَهُ بِمَشَاقِصَ، فَانْطَلَقَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى الله عَلَيهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَأَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّهُ مَاتَ، فَقَالَ: " مَا يُدْرِيكَ "، قَالَ رَأَيْتُهُ نَحَرَ نَفْسَهَ بِمَشَاقِصَ، قَالَ: " إِذًا لَا أُصَلِّي عَلَيْهِ " رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ عَوْنِ بْنِ سَلَّامٍ مُخْتَصَرًا، وَقَدْ رُوِّينَا عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الْحَنْظَلِيِّ أَنَّهُ صَلَّى الله عَلَيهِ وَسَلَّمَ، إِنَّمَا قَالَ ذَلِكَ لِيُحَذِّرَ النَّاسَ بِتَرْكِ الصَّلَاةِ عَلَيْهِ فَلَا يَرْتَكِبُوا كَمَا ارْتَكَبَ.
Sayyiduna Jabir bin Samurah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that a man who had killed himself with an arrowhead was brought to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and he (peace and blessings be upon him) did not offer his funeral prayer.
Ahmad bin Yunus, in a narration, states that a man fell ill and people cried out over him. A man came to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and said: That man (the sick one) has died. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "What makes you know?" He said: People have cried out over him. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "He has not died." Then the man went to see, and he saw that he had slaughtered himself with an arrowhead. Then he went to inform him (peace and blessings be upon him) that he had died. He (peace and blessings be upon him) asked: "How do you know?" He said: I saw that he had killed himself with an arrowhead. So he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Then I will not offer his funeral prayer."
Ahmad bin Yunus, in a narration, states that a man fell ill and people cried out over him. A man came to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and said: That man (the sick one) has died. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "What makes you know?" He said: People have cried out over him. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "He has not died." Then the man went to see, and he saw that he had slaughtered himself with an arrowhead. Then he went to inform him (peace and blessings be upon him) that he had died. He (peace and blessings be upon him) asked: "How do you know?" He said: I saw that he had killed himself with an arrowhead. So he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Then I will not offer his funeral prayer."
