السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب صلاة العيدين
Book of the Two Eid Prayers
باب: من أباح أن يخطب على منبر أو على راحلة
Those who permitted delivering the sermon on a pulpit or on a mount
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أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو صَالِحِ بْنُ أَبِي طَاهِرٍ الْعَنْبَرِيُّ، أنبأ يَحْيَى بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ الْقَاضِي، ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ، ثنا إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، أنبأ عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، ح وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ إِمْلَاءً، ثنا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ، ثنا حَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ الْحُلْوَانِيُّ، وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى، وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ رَافِعٍ قَالُوا: حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، أنبأ ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ، أَخْبَرَنِي الْحَسَنُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ، عَنْ طَاوِسٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: " شَهِدْتُ صَلَاةَ الْفِطْرِ مَعَ نَبِيِّ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَأَبِي بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرَ وَعُثْمَانَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمْ، فَكُلُّهُمْ يُصَلِّيهَا قَبْلَ الْخُطْبَةِ ثُمَّ يَخْطُبُ بَعْدَ، قَالَ: فَنَزَلَ نَبِيُّ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَأَنِّي أَنْظُرُ إِلَيْهِ حِينَ يُجَلِّسُ الرِّجَالَ بِيَدِهِ، ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَ يَشُقُّهُمْ حَتَّى أَتَى النِّسَاءَ، وَمَعَهُ بِلَالٌ، فَقَالَ: {يَا أَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ إِذَا جَاءَكَ الْمُؤْمِنَاتُ يُبَايِعْنَكَ} [الممتحنة: ١٢] الْآيَةَ "، ثُمَّ قَالَ حِينَ فَرَغَ مِنْهَا: " أَنْتُنَّ عَلَى ذَلِكَ "، فَقَالَتِ امْرَأَةٌ وَاحِدَةٌ لَمْ يُجِبْهُ غَيْرُهَا مِنْهُنَّ: نَعَمْ يَا نَبِيَّ اللهِ. لَا نَدْرِي حِينَئِذٍ مَنْ هِيَ، قَالَ: " تَصَدَّقْنَ "، فَبَسَطَ بِلَالٌ ثَوْبَهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ: هَلُمَّ فِدًا لَكُنَّ أَبِي وَأُمِّي، فَجَعَلْنَ يُلْقِينَ الْفَتَخَ وَالْخَوَاتِيمَ فِي ثَوْبِ بِلَالٍ ". رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ، عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ نَصْرٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّزَّاقِ، وَرَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ رَافِعٍ.
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) says: I attended the Fitr prayer with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him), Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) and Sayyiduna Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him); they used to pray before the sermon, and after that they would deliver the sermon. The narrator says: It is as if I am looking at the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) coming down from the pulpit, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) was seating the people with his hands. Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) came to the women, making his way through them, and Sayyiduna Bilal (may Allah be pleased with him) was also with him (peace and blessings be upon him). He (peace and blessings be upon him) recited these verses: "O Prophet, when the believing women come to you to pledge allegiance to you" [Surah al-Mumtahanah: 12]. When he (peace and blessings be upon him) had finished with them, he said: "Remain upon this." Only one woman answered: "Yes, O Prophet of Allah!" No one other than her answered. We do not know who she was. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Give charity." So Sayyiduna Bilal (may Allah be pleased with him) spread out a cloth, then said: "Come, give your charity, may my father and mother be ransomed for you." So they were throwing their earrings and rings into the cloth of Sayyiduna Bilal (may Allah be pleased with him).
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، ثنا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ رَافِعٍ، ثنا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، أنبأ ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ، أَخْبَرَنِي عَطَاءٌ، عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ: " إِنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَامَ يَوْمَ الْفِطْرِ فَصَلَّى، فَبَدَأَ بِالصَّلَاةِ قَبْلَ الْخُطْبَةِ، ثُمَّ خَطَبَ النَّاسَ، فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ نَبِيُّ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ نَزَلَ، فَأَتَى النِّسَاءَ، فَذَكَّرَهُنَّ، وَهُوَ يَتَوَكَّأُ عَلَى يَدِ بِلَالٍ، وَبِلَالٌ بَاسِطٌ ثَوْبَهُ يُلْقِينَ فِيهِ النِّسَاءُ الصَّدَقَةَ "..
Ata narrates from Sayyiduna Jabir bin Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with them both) that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) prayed on the day of Eid al-Fitr, then delivered the sermon. When the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) had finished the sermon, he came to the women, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) exhorted and admonished them. At that time he (peace and blessings be upon him) was leaning on the hand of Sayyiduna Bilal (may Allah be pleased with him), and Sayyiduna Bilal (may Allah be pleased with him) was holding his cloth spread out, and the women were putting charity into it.
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو صَالِحِ بْنُ أَبِي طَاهِرٍ، أنبأ جَدِّي يَحْيَى بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ، ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى، ثنا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، فَذَكَرَهُ بِمِثْلِ إِسْنَادِهِ. وَزَادَ: قُلْتُ لِعَطَاءٍ: " زَكَاةُ يَوْمِ الْفِطْرِ؟ " قَالَ: " لَا، وَلَكِنَّهُ صَدَقَةٌ يَتَصَدَّقْنَ بِهَا حِينَئِذٍ، تُلْقِي الْمَرْأَةُ فَتَخَهَا وَيُلْقِينَ وَيُلْقِينَ "، قُلْتُ لِعَطَاءٍ: " أَتَرَى حَقًّا عَلَى الْإِمَامِ الْآنَ أَنْ يَأْتِيَ النِّسَاءَ حِينَ يَفْرُغَ فَيُذَكِّرُهُنَّ ". قَالَ: أَيْ لَعَمْرِي، إِنَّ ذَلِكَ لَحَقٌ عَلَيْهِمْ، وَمَا لَهُمْ لَا يَفْعَلُونَ ذَلِكَ؟ ". ⦗٤١٩⦘ رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ فِي الصَّحِيحِ، عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ نَصْرٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّزَّاقِ، وَرَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ رَافِعٍ وَغَيْرِهِ بِهَذِهِ الزِّيَادَةِ. قَوْلُ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ وَجَابِرٍ فِي هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ: " فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ نَزَلَ فَأَتَى النِّسَاءَ "، يَدُلُّ عَلَى أَنَّهُ كَانَ عَلَى مُرْتَفَعٍ فَنَزَلَ. وَرَوَاهُ عَبْدُ الْمَلِكِ بْنُ أَبِي سُلَيْمَانَ، عَنْ عَطَاءٍ، عَنْ جَابِرٍ، فَقَالَ فِي ابْتِدَائِهِ: " ثُمَّ قَامَ مُتَوَكِّئًا عَلَى بِلَالٍ فَأَمَرَ بِتَقْوَى اللهِ ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ مُضِيَّهُ إِلَى النِّسَاءِ "، وَلَمْ يَذْكُرْ لَفْظَ النُّزُولِ، وَلَكِنْ فِي حَدِيثِ أَبِي بَكَرَةَ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ خَطَبَهُمْ بِمِنًى يَوْمَ النَّحْرِ عَلَى رَاحِلَتِهِ.
(a) Abd al-Razzaq (may Allah have mercy on him) narrated the like of it, but he says: I said to Ata (may Allah have mercy on him): Was that the charity of Fitr? He said: No, rather the women were giving charity of their own accord; they just kept throwing it in. I said to Ata (may Allah have mercy on him): Is it still binding on the imam now to come to the women and admonish them when he has finished the sermon? He said: By my life! It is indeed a duty upon them, but who knows why they do not do it.
(b) The words of Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas and Sayyiduna Jabir (may Allah be pleased with them) in this hadith, "When he finished, he came down and came to the women," indicate that he (peace and blessings be upon him) was on an elevated place and then came down. Abd al-Malik bin Abi Sulayman narrated it from Ata from Sayyiduna Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him), and said at its beginning: "Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) stood leaning on Sayyiduna Bilal (may Allah be pleased with him) and commanded mindfulness of Allah (taqwa)," then he mentioned his going to the women, and he did not mention the word "came down". However, in the hadith of Sayyiduna Abu Bakrah (may Allah be pleased with him) it is that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) addressed them at Mina on the day of sacrifice while on his mount.
(b) The words of Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas and Sayyiduna Jabir (may Allah be pleased with them) in this hadith, "When he finished, he came down and came to the women," indicate that he (peace and blessings be upon him) was on an elevated place and then came down. Abd al-Malik bin Abi Sulayman narrated it from Ata from Sayyiduna Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him), and said at its beginning: "Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) stood leaning on Sayyiduna Bilal (may Allah be pleased with him) and commanded mindfulness of Allah (taqwa)," then he mentioned his going to the women, and he did not mention the word "came down". However, in the hadith of Sayyiduna Abu Bakrah (may Allah be pleased with him) it is that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) addressed them at Mina on the day of sacrifice while on his mount.
أَخْبَرَنَاهُ أَبُو عَمْرٍو الْأَدِيبُ، أنبأ أَبُو بَكْرٍ الْإِسْمَاعِيلِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنِي الْحَسَنُ بْنُ سُفْيَانَ، ثنا حَبَّانُ، أنبأ ابْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ، أنبأ ابْنُ عَوْنٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ سِيرِينَ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبِي بَكَرَةَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، قَالَ: " خَطَبَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَلَى رَاحِلَتِهِ يَوْمَ النَّحْرِ، وَأَمْسَكْتُ، إِمَّا قَالَ: بِخِطَامِهَا، وَإِمَّا قَالَ: بِزِمَامِهَا، قَالَ: " أِيُّ يَوْمٍ هَذَا "؟ وَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ. أَخْرَجَاهُ فِي الصَّحِيحَيْنِ مِنْ حَدِيثِ ابْنِ عَوْنٍ وَغَيْرِهِ عَنِ ابْنِ سِيرِينَ.
Abd al-Rahman bin Abi Bakrah narrates from his father, Sayyiduna Abu Bakrah (may Allah be pleased with him), that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) delivered a sermon on his mount on the day of Eid al-Adha, and I was holding its rein. He (peace and blessings be upon him) asked: "What day is this?"
أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، أنبأ أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ الْفَقِيهُ، أنبأ الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ، ثنا نَصْرُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ الْجَهْضَمِيُّ، ثنا وَكِيعٌ، عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ أَبِي خَالِدٍ، عَنْ أَخِيهِ، عَنْ أَبِي كَاهِلٍ، قَالَ إِسْمَاعِيلُ: وَقَدْ رَأَيْتُ أَبَا كَاهِلٍ قَالَ: رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ " يَخْطُبُ يَوْمَ عِيدٍ عَلَى نَاقَةٍ خَرْمَاءَ، وَحَبَشِيٌّ مُمْسِكٌ بِخِطَامِهَا ".
(a) Isma'il says: I saw Abu Kahil (may Allah be pleased with him); he said: I saw the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) delivering a sermon on a she-camel that had a nose-ring, and an Abyssinian slave was holding it.
(b) Mughirah bin Shu'bah (may Allah be pleased with him) says that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) delivered the sermon on the day of Eid on his mount, and Abu Mas'ud al-Ansari (may Allah be pleased with him) says that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) delivered the sermon on the day of Eid on his mount.
(b) Mughirah bin Shu'bah (may Allah be pleased with him) says that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) delivered the sermon on the day of Eid on his mount, and Abu Mas'ud al-Ansari (may Allah be pleased with him) says that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) delivered the sermon on the day of Eid on his mount.
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ الصَّغَانِيُّ، ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ أَبِي بُكَيْرٍ، ثنا شَيْبَانُ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ بْنِ عُمَيْرٍ قَالَ: " رَأَيْتُ الْمُغِيرَةَ بْنَ شُعْبَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ يَوْمَ أَضْحَى أَوْ فِطْرٍ صَلَّى بِالنَّاسِ رَكْعَتَيْنِ ثُمَّ خَطَبَ عَلَى بَعِيرٍ وَلَمْ يُؤَذِّنْ وَلَمْ يُقِمْ ".
Abd al-Malik bin Umayr (may Allah have mercy on him) says: I saw Mughirah bin Shu'bah (may Allah be pleased with him); he led two rak'ahs on Eid al-Fitr or Eid al-Adha, then delivered the sermon mounted on his camel, but no adhan or iqamah was given.
