السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الصلاة
Book of Prayer
باب: ما روي في صلاة المأموم قائما، وإن صلى الإمام جالسا، وما يستدل به على نسخ ما تقدم من الأخبار
What is reported on the follower praying standing even if the imam prays sitting, and evidence of the abrogation of the earlier reports
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أَخْبَرَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عَبْدَانَ، أنبأ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ، أنبأ هِشَامُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ، ثنا ابْنُ رَجَاءٍ، أنبأ إِسْرَائِيلُ، عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ، عَنْ أَرْقَمَ بْنِ شُرَحْبِيلَ قَالَ: سَافَرْتُ مَعَ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ مِنَ الْمَدِينَةِ إِلَى الشَّامِ فَسَأَلْتُهُ فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ فِي مَرَضِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِلَى أَنْ قَالَ: " فَرَأَى رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِنْ نَفْسِهِ خِفَّةً فَخَرَجَ يُهَادَى بَيْنَ رَجُلَيْنِ، فَلَمَّا أَحَسَّ النَّاسُ سَبَّحُوا، فَذَهَبَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ يَتَأَخَّرُ، فَأَشَارَ إِلَيْهِ بِيَدِهِ مَكَانَكَ، فَاسْتَفْتَحَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِنْ حَيْثُ انْتَهَى أَبُو بَكْرٍ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ، وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ قَائِمٌ وَرَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ جَالِسٌ، فَائْتَمَّ أَبُو بَكْرٍ بِرَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، وَائْتَمَّ النَّاسُ بِأَبِي بَكْرٍ، فَمَا قَضَى رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الصَّلَاةَ حَتَّى ثَقُلَ جِدًّا، فَخَرَجَ يُهَادَى بَيْنَ رَجُلَيْنِ، وَإِنَّ رِجْلَيْهِ لَتَخُطَّانِ فِي الْأَرْضِ، فَمَاتَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَلَمْ يُوصِ ". وَبِمَعْنَاهُ رُوِيَ مِنْ وَجْهٍ آخَرَ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ.
Arqam bin Shurahbil says: I travelled with Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) from Madinah to Syria. I asked him, and he mentioned the hadith about the illness of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him): that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) felt some relief, so he (peace and blessings be upon him) came out supported by two men. When the people sensed it, they said 'Subhan Allah' (Glory be to Allah). Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) began to move back, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) gestured: "Stay in your place." The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) began the Qur'an from where Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) had left off. Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) was standing and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was sitting. Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) followed the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and the people followed Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him). When he (peace and blessings be upon him) completed the prayer, his condition (peace and blessings be upon him) grew heavy; then he (peace and blessings be upon him) walked supported by two men, and his feet (peace and blessings be upon him) were drawing lines on the ground. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) passed away, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) did not make a bequest.
أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، أنبأ أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ الْفَقِيهُ، أنبأ إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ قُتَيْبَةَ، ح قَالَ: وَحَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى قَالَا: ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ يَحْيَى، أنبأ أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ، ح قَالَ: وَأَخْبَرَنِي عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْكَعْبِيُّ، ثنا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ قُتَيْبَةَ، ثنا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، ثنا أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ، وَوَكِيعٌ، عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنِ الْأَسْوَدِ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا قَالَتْ: " لَمَّا ثَقُلَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ جَاءَ بِلَالٌ يُؤْذِنُهُ ⦗١١٦⦘ بِالصَّلَاةِ، فَقَالَ: " مُرُوا أَبَا بَكْرٍ فَلْيُصَلِّ بِالنَّاسِ ". قَالَتْ: فَقُلْتُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، إِنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ رَجُلٌ أَسِيفٌ، وَإِنَّهُ مَتَى يَقُمْ مَقَامَكَ لَا يُسْمِعِ النَّاسَ، فَلَوْ أَمَرْتَ عُمَرَ قَالَ: " مُرُوا أَبَا بَكْرٍ فَلْيُصَلِّ بِالنَّاسِ " قَالَتْ: فَقُلْتُ لِحَفْصَةَ: قُولِي لَهُ: إِنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ رَجُلٌ أَسِيفٌ، وَإنَّهُ مَتَى يَقُمْ مَقَامَكَ لَا يُسْمِعِ النَّاسَ، فَلَوْ أَمَرْتَ عُمَرَ. فَقَالَتْ لَهُ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " إِنَّكُنَّ لَأَنْتُنَّ صَوَاحِبُ يُوسُفَ، مُرُوا أَبَا بَكْرٍ فَلْيُصَلِّ بِالنَّاسِ ". قَالَ: فَأَمَرُوا أَبَا بَكْرٍ فَصَلَّى بِالنَّاسِ قَالَتْ: فَلَمَّا دَخَلَ فِي الصَّلَاةِ وَجَدَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِنْ نَفْسِهِ خِفَّةً، قَالَتْ: فَقَامَ يُهَادَى بَيْنَ رَجُلَيْنِ وَرِجْلَاهُ تَخُطَّانِ فِي الْأَرْضِ، قَالَتْ: فَلَمَّا دَخَلَ الْمَسْجِدَ وَسَمِعَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ حِسَّهُ ذَهَبَ لِيَتَأَخَّرَ، فَأَوْمَأَ إِلَيْهِ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: قُمْ مَكَانَكَ، فَجَاءَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حَتَّى جَلَسَ عَنْ يَسَارِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ قَالَتْ: فَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يُصَلِّي بِالنَّاسِ جَالِسًا وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ قَائِمًا، يَقْتَدِي أَبُو بَكْرٍ بِصَلَاةِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، وَيَقْتَدِي النَّاسُ بِصَلَاةِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ ". لَفْظُ حَدِيثِ يَحْيَى بْنِ يَحْيَى، رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ فِي الصَّحِيحِ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ يَحْيَى، وَعَنْ أَبِي بَكْرِ بْنِ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، وَرَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ، عَنْ قُتَيْبَةَ عَنْ أَبِي مُعَاوِيَةَ..
Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) says: When the illness of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) grew severe, Bilal (may Allah be pleased with him) came to inform the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) of the prayer. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Tell Abu Bakr to lead the people in prayer." I said: O Messenger of Allah, Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) is tender-hearted; when he stands in your (peace and blessings be upon him) place, he will not be able to make his voice heard to the people. If only you would order Umar (may Allah be pleased with him). He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Tell Abu Bakr to lead the people in prayer." I said to Hafsah (may Allah be pleased with her): Say this to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him): that Abu Bakr is soft-hearted; when he stands in your (peace and blessings be upon him) place, he will not be able to make his voice heard to the people; if only you would order Umar (may Allah be pleased with him). She said this to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "You are just like the women of Yusuf. Tell Abu Bakr to lead the people in prayer." So they told Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him), and he led the people in prayer. When Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) began the prayer, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) felt some relief, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) got up supported by two men, his feet (peace and blessings be upon him) drawing lines on the ground as they touched it. When he (peace and blessings be upon him) entered the mosque and Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) sensed his (peace and blessings be upon him) arrival, he (may Allah be pleased with him) began to move back. He (peace and blessings be upon him) gestured: "Stay in your place." Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) sat down on the left side of Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him). She says: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) led the people in prayer sitting, and Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) was standing. Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) was following the prayer of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and the people were following the prayer of Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him).
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَمْرٍو الْأَدِيبُ، أنبأ أَبُو بَكْرٍ الْإِسْمَاعِيلِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنِي أَبُو يَحْيَى الرُّويَانِيُّ، ثنا إِبْرَاهِيمُ هُوَ ابْنُ مُوسَى الْفَرَّاءُ، أنبأ عِيسَى بْنُ يُونُسَ، عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ، فَذَكَرَهُ بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ قَالَتْ: " لَمَّا مَرِضَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الْمَرَضَ الَّذِي مَاتَ فِيهِ أُذِنَ بِالصَّلَاةِ، فَذَكَرَتْ قِصَّتَهَا دُونَ قَوْلِهَا لِحَفْصَةَ إِلَى أَنْ قَالَتْ: فَخَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَجَلَسَ يُصَلِّي وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ إِلَى جَنْبِهِ، وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ يُسْمِعُ النَّاسَ ". رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ، عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ رَاهَوَيْهِ عَنْ عِيسَى، وَرَوَاهُ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُسْهِرٍ، عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ، قَالَ فِيهِ: وَكَانَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يُصَلِّي بِالنَّاسِ وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ يُسْمِعُهُمُ التَّكْبِيرَ.
Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) says: When the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) fell ill with the illness in which he (peace and blessings be upon him) passed away, the call to prayer was given. She mentioned the whole story, but did not mention her words to Sayyidah Hafsah (may Allah be pleased with her). She says: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) came out, then he (peace and blessings be upon him) was praying sitting, and Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) was beside him (peace and blessings be upon him); Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) was conveying his (peace and blessings be upon him) takbirs to the people.
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عَبْدَانَ، أنبأ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ الصَّفَّارُ، ثنا عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ بَيَانٍ، وَالْعَوْذِيُّ قَالَا: ثنا عُبَيْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، ثنا حَمَّادُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ، عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا " أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَانَ وَجِعًا فَأَمَرَ أَبَا بَكْرٍ أَنْ يُصَلِّيَ بِالنَّاسِ، قَالَتْ: فَوَجَدَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ خِفَّةً فَجَاءَ فَقَعَدَ إِلَى جَنْبِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ، فَأَمَّ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَبَا بَكْرٍ وَهُوَ قَاعِدٌ، وَأَمَّ أَبُو بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ النَّاسَ وَهُوَ قَائِمٌ ".
Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) says that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was in pain, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) to "lead the people in prayer". Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) felt some ease, so he (peace and blessings be upon him) came and sat beside Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him). The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), sitting, was leading Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) as imam, and Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) was leading the people as imam.
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَمْرٍو مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْأَدِيبُ، أنبأ أَبُو بَكْرٍ الْإِسْمَاعِيلِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ سُفْيَانَ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ نُمَيْرٍ، ثنا أَبِي، ثنا هِشَامٌ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا قَالَتْ: " أَمَرَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَبَا بَكْرٍ أَنْ يُصَلِّيَ بِالنَّاسِ فِي مَرَضِهِ، فَكَانَ يُصَلِّي ⦗١١٧⦘ بِهِمْ ". قَالَ عُرْوَةُ: فَوَجَدَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي نَفْسِهِ خِفَّةً فَخَرَجَ، فَإِذَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ يَؤُمُّ النَّاسَ، فَلَمَّا رَآهُ أَبُو بَكْرٍ اسْتَأْخَرَ فَأَشَارَ إِلَيْهِ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنْ كَمَا أَنْتَ، فَجَلَسَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حِذَاءَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ إِلَى جَنْبِهِ وَكَانَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ يُصَلِّي بِصَلَاةِ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، وَالنَّاسُ يُصَلُّونَ بِصَلَاةِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ ". رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ فِي الصَّحِيحِ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ نُمَيْرٍ، وَرَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ، عَنْ زَكَرِيَّا بْنِ يَحْيَى، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ نُمَيْرٍ، اتَّفَقَتْ هَذِهِ الرِّوَايَاتُ عَلَى أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَانَ إِمَامًا وَأَنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ وَسَائِرَ النَّاسِ اقْتَدُوا بِهِ. وَقَدْ رُوِيَ أَنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ كَانَ إِمَامًا وَأَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ صَلَّى خَلْفَهُ.
(a) Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) says that during the days of his illness the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) to lead the people in prayer, so he (may Allah be pleased with him) continued to lead the people in prayer. Urwah says: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) felt some relief, so he (peace and blessings be upon him) came out, and Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) was leading the people as imam. When Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) saw him, he moved back, but the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) gestured: "Stay as you are." The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) sat beside Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him). Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) was praying along with the prayer of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and the people were praying along with the prayer of Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him).
(b) All these narrations state that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was the imam and that Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) and all the people were following him; and in one narration it is reported that Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) was the imam and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) prayed behind him.
(b) All these narrations state that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was the imam and that Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) and all the people were following him; and in one narration it is reported that Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) was the imam and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) prayed behind him.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ الْعَلَوِيُّ، أنبأ أَبُو حَامِدِ بْنُ الشَّرْقِيِّ، ثنا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ، ح وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، أنبأ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْوَاحِدِ صَاحِبُ ثَعْلَبٍ، ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عُبَيْدِ اللهِ النَّرْسِيُّ قَالَا: ثنا شَبَابَةُ بْنُ سَوَّارٍ، ثنا شُعْبَةُ، عَنْ نُعَيْمِ بْنِ أَبِي هِنْدَ، عَنْ أَبِي وَائِلٍ، عَنْ مَسْرُوقٍ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا قَالَتْ: " صَلَّى رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي مَرَضِهِ الَّذِي مَاتَ فِيهِ خَلْفَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ قَاعِدًا ". لَفْظُ حَدِيثِهِمَا سَوَاءٌ.
Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) says that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), in the illness in which he (peace and blessings be upon him) passed away, prayed sitting behind Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him).
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ، أنبأ أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ الْفَقِيهُ، أنبأ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَشَّارٍ، ثنا أَبُو دَاوُدَ، ثنا شُعْبَةُ، عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنِ الْأَسْوَدِ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا قَالَتْ: " مِنَ النَّاسِ مَنْ يَقُولُ: " كَانَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ الْمُقَدَّمَ بَيْنَ يَدَيْ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي الصَّفِّ، وَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ يَقُولُ: كَانَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الْمُقَدَّمَ " هَكَذَا رَوَاهُ الطَّيَالِسِيُّ، عَنْ شُعْبَةَ، عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ وَرِوَايَةُ الْجَمَاعَةِ عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ كَمَا تَقَدَّمَ عَلَى الْإِثْبَاتِ وَالصِّحَّةِ، وَرِوَايَةُ مَسْرُوقٍ تَفَرَّدَ بِهَا نُعَيْمُ بْنُ أَبِي هِنْدَ، عَنْ أَبِي وَائِلٍ عَنْهُ وَاخْتُلِفَ عَلَيْهِ فِيهَا.
Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) says: Some people say that Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) was ahead of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) in the row, and some people say that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was ahead.
This is how al-Tayalisi narrated it from Shu'bah from al-A'mash, whereas the narration of the majority from al-A'mash, as given above, is the established and authentic one. As for the narration of Masruq, only Nu'aym bin Abi Hind narrated it, from Abu Wa'il from him, and there is disagreement over it from him.
This is how al-Tayalisi narrated it from Shu'bah from al-A'mash, whereas the narration of the majority from al-A'mash, as given above, is the established and authentic one. As for the narration of Masruq, only Nu'aym bin Abi Hind narrated it, from Abu Wa'il from him, and there is disagreement over it from him.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ بْنُ الْفَضْلِ الْقَطَّانُ بِبَغْدَادَ، أنبأ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ، ثنا يَعْقُوبُ بْنُ سُفْيَانَ، ثنا عُبَيْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مُعَاذٍ، ثنا الْمُعْتَمِرُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، ثنا نُعَيْمُ بْنُ أَبِي هِنْدَ، عَنْ أَبِي وَائِلٍ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا فَذَكَرَتْ قِصَّةَ مَرَضِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَأَمْرَهُ أَبَا بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ بِالصَّلَاةِ وَفِي آخِرِهِ قَالَتْ: " فَلَمَّا أَحَسَّ أَبُو بَكْرٍ بِحِسِّ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَرَادَ أَنْ يَسْتَأْخِرَ، فَأَوْمَأَ إِلَيْهِ أَنْ يَثْبُتَ ". قَالَ: " وَجِيءَ بِالنَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَوُضِعَ بِحِذَاءِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ. أَوْ قَالَتْ: فِي الصَّفِّ ". وَهَذَا يُخَالِفُ رِوَايَةَ شَبَابَةَ، عَنْ شُعْبَةَ فِي الْإِسْنَادِ وَالْمَتْنِ جَمِيعًا، وَقَدْ رُوِيَ عَنْ شَبَابَةَ، عَنْ شُعْبَةَ، بِقَرِيبٍ مِنْ هَذَا الْمَتْنِ.
Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) relates the story of the illness of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), that he (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) to lead the prayer. At the end of it: When Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) sensed his (peace and blessings be upon him) arrival, he intended to move back, but he (peace and blessings be upon him) gestured: "Stay in your place." The narrator says: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was brought and was seated level with Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him), or she said: he was seated in the row.
أَخْبَرَنَاهُ أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ السُّلَمِيُّ مِنْ أَصْلِ كِتَابِهِ، ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ الْأَصَمُّ، ثنا أَبُو أُمَيَّةَ يَعْنِي الطَّرَسُوسِيَّ، ثنا شَبَابَةُ بْنُ سَوَّارٍ، ثنا شُعْبَةُ، ثنا نُعَيْمُ بْنُ أَبِي هِنْدَ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ أَبَا وَائِلٍ يُحَدِّثُ عَنْ مَسْرُوقٍ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا " أَنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ صَلَّى ⦗١١٨⦘ بِالنَّاسِ فِي وَجَعِ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، وَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي الصَّفِّ ". وَهَكَذَا رَوَاهُ بَدَلُ بْنُ الْمُحَبَّرِ، عَنْ شُعْبَةَ.
Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) says that Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) led the people in prayer during the illness of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was in the row.
وَأَخْبَرَنَاهُ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، أنبأ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْفَاكِهِيُّ، ثنا ابْنُ أَبِي مَسَرَّةَ، ثنا بَدَلُ بْنُ الْمُحَبَّرِ، فَذَكَرَهُ بِمِثْلِ رِوَايَةِ الطَّرَسُوسِيِّ، عَنْ شَبَابَةَ، وَرُوِّينَا، عَنْ أَنَسٍ " أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ " صَلَّى خَلْفَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ ". قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ: لَوْ صَلَّى رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ خَلْفَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ مَرَّةً لَمْ يَمْنَعْ ذَلِكَ أَنْ يَكُونَ صَلَّى خَلْفَهُ أَبُو بَكْرٍ أُخْرَى. قَالَ الشَّيْخُ: وَقَدْ ذَهَبَ مُوسَى بْنُ عُقْبَةَ فِي مَغَازِيهِ إِلَى أَنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ صَلَّى مِنْ صَلَاةِ الصُّبْحِ يَوْمَ الِاثْنَيْنِ رَكْعَةً، وَهُوَ الْيَوْمُ الَّذِي تُوُفِّيَ فِيهِ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَوَجَدَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي نَفْسِهِ خِفَّةً فَخَرَجَ فَصَلَّى مَعَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ رَكْعَةً، فَلَمَّا سَلَّمَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ قَامَ فَصَلَّى الرَّكْعَةَ الْأُخْرَى. فَيُحْتَمَلُ أَنْ تَكُونَ هَذِهِ الصَّلَاةُ مُرَادَ مَنْ رَوَى أَنَّهُ صَلَّى خَلْفَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ فِي مَرَضِهِ، فَأَمَّا الصَّلَاةُ الَّتِي صَلَّاهَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ خَلْفَهُ فِي مَرَضِهِ فَهِيَ صَلَاةُ الظُّهْرِ يَوْمَ الْأَحَدِ أَوْ يَوْمَ السَّبْتِ كَمَا رُوِّينَا عَنْ عَائِشَةَ وَابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ فِي بَيَانِ الظُّهْرِ، فَلَا تَكُونُ بَيْنَهُمَا مُنَافَاةٌ. وَيَصِحُّ الِاحْتِجَاجُ بِالْخَبَرِ الْأَوَّلِ.
(a) Sayyiduna Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) says that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) prayed behind Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him).
(b) Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) says: If the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) prayed behind Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) on one occasion, nothing prevents that on another occasion Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) prayed behind him (peace and blessings be upon him).
Note: Musa bin Uqbah mentions in his Maghazi that Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) led one rak'ah of the Fajr prayer on Monday, the very day on which the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) passed away. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) felt some recovery, so he (peace and blessings be upon him) came and prayed one rak'ah with Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him). When Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) gave the salam, he (peace and blessings be upon him) stood up and completed the second rak'ah. It is possible that this is the prayer meant by the one who reported that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) prayed behind Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) during his illness, and that the prayer which Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) prayed behind him during the days of his illness was the Zuhr prayer, which took place on Sunday or Saturday, as is also reported from Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) and Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both). So there is no contradiction between them, and it is valid to use the first report as evidence.
(b) Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) says: If the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) prayed behind Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) on one occasion, nothing prevents that on another occasion Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) prayed behind him (peace and blessings be upon him).
Note: Musa bin Uqbah mentions in his Maghazi that Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) led one rak'ah of the Fajr prayer on Monday, the very day on which the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) passed away. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) felt some recovery, so he (peace and blessings be upon him) came and prayed one rak'ah with Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him). When Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) gave the salam, he (peace and blessings be upon him) stood up and completed the second rak'ah. It is possible that this is the prayer meant by the one who reported that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) prayed behind Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) during his illness, and that the prayer which Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) prayed behind him during the days of his illness was the Zuhr prayer, which took place on Sunday or Saturday, as is also reported from Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) and Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both). So there is no contradiction between them, and it is valid to use the first report as evidence.
أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ إِمْلَاءً، ثنا مُوسَى بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ، ثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، ثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ إِدْرِيسَ، وَعَبْدُ الرَّحِيمِ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ، عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ قَالَ: " عُرِضْتُ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَوْمَ أُحُدٍ وَأَنَا ابْنُ أَرْبَعَ عَشْرَةَ سَنَةً فَاسْتَصْغَرَنِي، وَعُرِضْتُ عَلَيْهِ يَوْمَ الْخَنْدَقِ وَأَنَا ابْنُ خَمْسَ عَشْرَةَ فَأَجَازَنِي ". رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ وَأَخْرَجَهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ مِنْ وَجْهٍ آخَرَ، عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ.
Nafi' narrates from Sayyiduna Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both): I was presented before the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) on the day of Uhud, when I was fourteen years old, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) considered me too young. On the day of the Trench (Khandaq) I was fifteen years old, and then he (peace and blessings be upon him) gave me permission.
