It is narrated from Rabi'ah bin Yazid that Qaza'ah narrated to him: I came to Abu Sa'id (may Allah be pleased with him) while many people were around him seeking his favour. When the people had dispersed from him, I said: I will not ask you about what these people were asking you about; rather, I have come to ask you about the prayer of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him).
He said: There is no good for you in that. I repeated my question, and he said: The Zuhr prayer of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) would begin, and one of us would go to Baqi' al-Gharqad, relieve himself, then come to his home and perform ablution, then come to the mosque, and the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) would still be in the first rak'ah.
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الصلاة / 4024
Hadith Gradingمحدثین:صحيح
Hadith Takhrij«صحيح۔ أخرجه حمد في المسند 22/426/10881»
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Sa'id al-Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him): We used to estimate the standing of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) in the Zuhr and Asr prayers. We estimated that in the first two rak'ahs of Zuhr he (peace and blessings be upon him) would stand for as long as it takes to recite "Alif Lam Mim. The revelation" [Surah al-Sajdah: 1-2] (Surah al-Sajdah). We estimated the last two rak'ahs at half of the first two, the first two rak'ahs of Asr as equal to the last two rak'ahs of Zuhr, and the last two rak'ahs of Asr at half of the first two rak'ahs of Asr.
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الصلاة / 4025
It is narrated from Simak bin Harb (may Allah have mercy on him): I heard Jabir bin Samurah (may Allah be pleased with him) say that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) "used to recite in the Zuhr and Asr prayers 'By the night when it covers' [Surah al-Layl: 1] and surahs like it, and in the morning prayer he used to recite longer surahs than that."
In Sahih Muslim this narration is found, but in it he did not mention Asr, and he said: "He used to recite 'Glorify the name of your Lord, the Most High' [Surah al-A'la: 1]."
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الصلاة / 4026
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) used to recite in the Zuhr and Asr prayers "By the sky and the night-comer" [Surah al-Tariq: 1] and "By the sky containing great constellations" [Surah al-Buruj: 1]. [Hasan. Recorded by al-Tayalisi 811]
In the narration of al-Salihini: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) used to recite in the Zuhr and Asr prayers "By the sky containing great constellations" [Surah al-Buruj: 1] and "By the sky and the night-comer" [Surah al-Tariq: 1] and surahs like them.
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الصلاة / 4028