السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الصلاة
Book of Prayer
باب: من قال تسقط القراءة عمن نسي ومن قال: لا تسقط
One who said the recitation is waived for one who forgets, and one who said it is not waived
Toggle above to switch between keyword search and direct hadith lookup
أنبأ أَبُو زَكَرِيَّا بْنُ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ الْمُزَكِّي، وَغَيْرُهُ، قَالُوا: ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ أنبأ الرَّبِيعُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ، أنبأ الشَّافِعِيُّ، أنبأ مَالِكٌ، ح وَأنبأ أَبُو أَحْمَدَ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ الْعَدْلُ، أنبأ أَبُو بَكْرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ الْمُزَكِّي ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الْعَبْدِيُّ، ثنا ابْنُ بُكَيْرٍ، ثنا مَالِكٌ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ التَّيْمِيِّ، عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ كَانَ يُصَلِّي بِالنَّاسِ الْمَغْرِبَ فَلَمْ يَقْرَأْ فِيهَا، فَلَمَّا انْصَرَفَ قِيلَ لَهُ: مَا قَرَأْتَ قَالَ: فَكَيْفَ كَانَ الرُّكُوعُ وَالسُّجُودُ؟ قَالُوا: حَسَنًا قَالَ: " فلَا بَأْسَ إِذًا " وَإِلَى هَذَا كَانَ يَذْهَبُ الشَّافِعِيُّ فِي الْقَدِيمِ وَيَرْوِيهِ أَيْضًا عَنْ رَجُلٍ، عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ عُمَرَ بِمَعْنَى رِوَايَةِ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ وَيُضَعِّفُ مَا رُوِيَ فِي هَذِهِ الْقِصَّةِ عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ وَإِبْرَاهِيمَ النَّخَعِيِّ أَنَّ عُمَرَ أَعَادَ الصَّلَاةَ بِأَنَّهُمَا مُرْسَلَتَانِ قَالَ وَأَبُو سَلَمَةَ: يُحَدِّثُهُ بِالْمَدِينَةِ وَعِنْدَ آلِ عُمَرَ لَا يُنْكِرْهُ أَحَدٌ.
(a) Abu Salamah bin Abd al-Rahman (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates that Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) was leading the people in the Maghrib prayer and did not recite in it. When he finished the prayer, someone said to him: You did not recite. Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) asked: How were the bowing and the prostrations? They said: Very good. Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Then there is no harm.
(b) Al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) held this view in his earlier opinion, and he also narrated it from a man, from Ja'far bin Muhammad, from his father, from Umar (may Allah be pleased with him), with the same meaning as the narration of Abu Salamah. He considered weak what has been narrated in this story from al-Sha'bi and Ibrahim al-Nakha'i (may Allah have mercy on them), that Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) repeated the prayer, because both of those reports are mursal. He said: Abu Salamah used to narrate it in Madinah and in the presence of the family of Umar, and no one objected to it.
(b) Al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) held this view in his earlier opinion, and he also narrated it from a man, from Ja'far bin Muhammad, from his father, from Umar (may Allah be pleased with him), with the same meaning as the narration of Abu Salamah. He considered weak what has been narrated in this story from al-Sha'bi and Ibrahim al-Nakha'i (may Allah have mercy on them), that Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) repeated the prayer, because both of those reports are mursal. He said: Abu Salamah used to narrate it in Madinah and in the presence of the family of Umar, and no one objected to it.
وَقَدْ أَخْبَرَنَا بِحَدِيثِ، إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَالشَّعْبِيِّ أَبُو نَصْرٍ عُمَرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ بْنِ قَتَادَةَ أنبأ أَبُو مُحَمَّدِ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ شَيْبَانَ الْبَغْدَادِيُّ الْهَرَوِيُّ بِهَا أنبأ مُعَاذُ بْنُ نَجْدَةَ، ثنا كَامِلُ بْنُ طَلْحَةَ، ثنا حَمَّادُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ، عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ أَبِي سُلَيْمَانَ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ النَّخَعِيِّ، أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ صَلَّى بِالنَّاسِ صَلَاةَ الْمَغْرِبِ فَلَمْ يَقْرَأْ شَيْئًا حَتَّى سَلَّمَ، فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ قِيلَ لَهُ: إِنَّكَ لَمْ ⦗٥٣٤⦘ تَقْرَأْ شَيْئًا، فَقَالَ: إِنَّى جَهَّزْتُ عِيرًا إِلَى الشَّامِ فَجَعَلْتُ أُنْزِلُهَا مَنْقَلَةً مَنْقَلَةً حَتَّى قَدِمْتُ الشَّامَ فَبَعْتُهَا وَأَقْتَابَهَا وَأَحْلَاسَهَا وَأَحْمَالَهَا قَالَ: فَأَعَادَ عُمَرُ وَأَعَادُوا ".
Ibrahim al-Nakha'i (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates that Sayyiduna Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) led the people in the Maghrib prayer and did not recite anything in it until he said the salam. When he had finished the prayer, someone said to him: You did not recite anything at all. Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: I equipped a caravan bound for Syria, and I kept bringing it down from one stage to the next until I reached Syria; then I sold it, together with its saddles, its saddle-cloths and its loads. The narrator says: So Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) repeated the prayer, and the people also repeated it.
وَأنبأ أَبُو نَصْرٍ، أنبأ أَبُو مُحَمَّدِ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ الْبَغْدَادِيُّ، أنبأ مُعَاذُ بْنُ نَجْدَةَ، ثنا كَامِلٌ، ثنا حَمَّادٌ، عَنْ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، أَنَّ أَبَا مُوسَى الْأَشْعَرِيَّ قَالَ: يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَقْرَأْتَ فِي نَفْسِكَ قَالَ: لَا قَالَ: فَإِنَّكَ لَمْ تَقْرَأْ، فَأَعَادَ الصَّلَاةَ ".
It is reported from Ibrahim that Abu Musa al-Ash'ari (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "O Commander of the Believers, did you recite inwardly?" He said: "No." He said: "Then you have certainly not recited anything." So Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) repeated the prayer.
وَأنبأ أَبُو نَصْرٍ، أنبأ أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ، أنبأ مُعَاذٌ، ثنا كَامِلٌ، ثنا حَمَّادٌ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَوْنٍ، عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ، أَنَّ أَبَا مُوسَى الْأَشْعَرِيَّ قَالَ لِعُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ: يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَقَرَأْتَ فِي نَفْسِكَ قَالَ: " لَا " فَأَمَرَ الْمُؤَذِّنِينَ فَأَذَّنُوا، وَأَقَامُوا، وَأَعَادَ الصَّلَاةَ بِهِمْ وَهَذِهِ الرِّوَايَاتُ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَالشَّعْبِيِّ مُرْسَلَةٌ كَمَا قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ، وَرِوَايَةُ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ وَإِنْ كَانَتْ مُرْسَلَةً فَهُوَ أَصَحُّ مَرَاسِيلَ، وَحَدِيثُهُ بِالْمَدِينَةِ فِي مَوْضِعِ الْوَاقِعَةِ كَمَا قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ: لَا يُنْكِرُهُ أَحَدٌ إِلَّا أَنَّ حَدِيثَ الشَّعْبِيِّ قَدْ أُسْنِدَ مِنْ وَجْهٍ آخَرَ، وَالْإِعَادَةُ أَشْبَهُ بِالسُّنَّةِ فِي وُجُوبِ الْقِرَاءَةِ، وَأَنَّهَا لَا تَسْقُطُ بِالنِّسْيَانِ كَسَائِرِ الْأَرْكَانِ.
(a) Al-Sha'bi (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates that Abu Musa al-Ash'ari (may Allah be pleased with him) said to Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him): O Commander of the Believers, did you recite inwardly? He said: No. Then he ordered the mu'adhdhins, and they gave the adhan and the iqamah, and he led them in the prayer again.
These narrations from Ibrahim and al-Sha'bi are mursal, as al-Shafi'i said; and the narration of Abu Salamah, even though it is mursal, is the more authentic of the mursal reports, and he narrated it in Madinah, the place where the incident occurred, where, as al-Shafi'i said, no one objected to it. However, the hadith of al-Sha'bi has been narrated with a connected chain through another route.
(b) Repeating the prayer is closer to the Sunnah regarding the obligation of recitation, and recitation, like the other pillars of the prayer, is not waived through forgetfulness.
These narrations from Ibrahim and al-Sha'bi are mursal, as al-Shafi'i said; and the narration of Abu Salamah, even though it is mursal, is the more authentic of the mursal reports, and he narrated it in Madinah, the place where the incident occurred, where, as al-Shafi'i said, no one objected to it. However, the hadith of al-Sha'bi has been narrated with a connected chain through another route.
(b) Repeating the prayer is closer to the Sunnah regarding the obligation of recitation, and recitation, like the other pillars of the prayer, is not waived through forgetfulness.
أنبأ أَبُو بَكْرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الْفَارِسِيُّ أنبأ أَبُو إِسْحَاقَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْأَصْبَهَانِيُّ ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ فَارِسٍ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ الْبُخَارِيُّ، ثنا قَبِيصَةُ، أنبأ يُونُسُ، عَنْ عَامِرٍ يَعْنِي الشَّعْبِيَّ، عَنْ زِيَادٍ يَعْنِي ابْنَ عِيَاضٍ خَتَنِ أَبِي مُوسَى قَالَ: صَلَّى عُمَرُ فَلَمْ يَقْرَأْ فَأَعَادَ ". وَقَدْ رُوِيَ عَنْ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ فِيهِ رِوَايَةٌ ثَالِثَةٌ تَفَرَّدَ بِهَا عِكْرِمَةُ بْنُ عَمَّارٍ.
(a) Ziyad bin Iyad, the son-in-law of Abu Musa (may Allah be pleased with him), says that Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) prayed and did not recite in it; then he repeated the prayer.
(b) A third narration on this has also been reported from Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him), which Ikrimah bin Ammar (may Allah have mercy on him) alone narrated.
(b) A third narration on this has also been reported from Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him), which Ikrimah bin Ammar (may Allah have mercy on him) alone narrated.
أنبأ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، أنبأ أَبُو سَعِيدٍ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ الثَّقَفِيُّ ثنا عُمَرُ بْنُ حَفْصٍ السَّدُوسِيُّ، ثنا عَاصِمُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ، ثنا عِكْرِمَةُ بْنُ عَمَّارٍ ح وَأنبأ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ الْمُقْرِئُ ابْنِ الْحَمَامِيِّ بِبَغْدَادَ أنبأ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ سَلْمَانَ الْفَقِيهُ، ثنا عَبْدُ الْمَلِكِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، ثنا أَبُو عَتَّابٍ، ثنا شُعْبَةُ، ثنا عِكْرِمَةُ بْنُ عَمَّارٍ، عَنْ ضَمْضَمِ بْنِ جَوْسٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ حَنْظَلَةَ بْنِ الرَّاهِبِ قَالَ: صَلَّى بِنَا عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ الْمَغْرِبَ فَلَمْ يَقْرَأْ فِي الرَّكْعَةِ الْأُولَى شَيْئًا، فَلَمَّا قَامَ فِي الرَّكْعَةِ الثَّانِيَةِ قَرَأَ بِفَاتِحَةِ الْكِتَابِ وَسُورَةٍ، ثُمَّ عَادَ فَقَرَأَ بِفَاتِحَةِ الْكِتَابِ وَسُورَةٍ، فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ مِنْ صَلَاتِهِ سَجَدَ سَجْدَتَيْنِ بَعْدَ مَا سَلَّمَ " لَفْظُ حَدِيثِ شُعْبَةَ وَفِي رِوَايَةِ عَاصِمِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ: ثُمَّ مَضَى فَصَلَّى صَلَاتَهُ، ثُمَّ سَجَدَ سَجْدَتَيِ السَّهْوِ، ثُمَّ سَلَّمَ، وَزَادَ عَنْهُ قَوْلَهُ شَيْئًا نَسِيَهَا، وَهَذِهِ الرِّوَايَةُ عَلَى هَذَا الْوَجْهِ تَفَرَّدَ بِهَا عِكْرِمَةُ بْنُ عَمَّارٍ، عَنْ ضَمْضَمِ بْنِ جَوْسٍ وَسَائِرِ الرِّوَايَاتِ أَكْثَرُ وَأَشْهُرُ وَإِنْ كَانَ بَعْضُهَا مُرْسَلًا، وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ، وَفِي رِوَايَةِ الْحَارِثِ، عَنْ عَلِيٍّ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّ رَجُلًا قَالَ: إِنِّي صَلَّيْتُ وَلَمْ أَقْرَأْ قَالَ: أَتْمَمْتَ الرُّكُوعَ وَالسُّجُودَ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ قَالَ: " تَمَّتْ صَلَاتُكَ " وَهَذَا إِنْ صَحَّ فَمَحْمُولٌ عَلَى تَرْكِ الْجَهْرِ أَوْ قِرَاءَةِ السُّورَةِ بِدَلِيلِ مَا مَضَى مِنَ الْأَخْبَارِ الْمُسْنَدَةِ فِي إِيجَادِ الْقِرَاءَةِ، وَالْحَارِثُ الْأَعْوَرُ لَا يُحْتَجُّ بِهِ.
(a) Abdullah bin Hanzalah bin al-Rahib (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates: Sayyiduna Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) led us in the Maghrib prayer and did not recite anything in the first rak'ah. When he stood for the second rak'ah, he recited Surah al-Fatihah and a surah; then he again recited Surah al-Fatihah and another surah. When he had finished his prayer, he performed two prostrations after saying the salam.
(b) In the narration of Asim bin Ali (may Allah have mercy on him): Then he carried on (continued the prayer), and when he had completed the prayer he performed the two prostrations of forgetfulness, then said the salam.
This narration in this form was narrated by Ikrimah bin Ammar alone from Damdam bin Jaws; the other narrations are more numerous and better known, even though some of them are mursal. And Allah knows best.
(c) In the narration of al-Harith (may Allah have mercy on him), it is reported from Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) that a man said: "I prayed but did not recite in it." He asked: "Did you complete the bowing and the prostrations?" He said: "Yes." Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "Your prayer is complete."
(d) If this hadith is authentic, it is to be interpreted as referring to omitting the audible recitation or omitting the recitation of a surah other than al-Fatihah; the evidence for this is the earlier hadiths concerning the obligation of recitation that have passed in the preceding pages.
Al-Harith al-A'war is not used as evidence.
(b) In the narration of Asim bin Ali (may Allah have mercy on him): Then he carried on (continued the prayer), and when he had completed the prayer he performed the two prostrations of forgetfulness, then said the salam.
This narration in this form was narrated by Ikrimah bin Ammar alone from Damdam bin Jaws; the other narrations are more numerous and better known, even though some of them are mursal. And Allah knows best.
(c) In the narration of al-Harith (may Allah have mercy on him), it is reported from Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) that a man said: "I prayed but did not recite in it." He asked: "Did you complete the bowing and the prostrations?" He said: "Yes." Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "Your prayer is complete."
(d) If this hadith is authentic, it is to be interpreted as referring to omitting the audible recitation or omitting the recitation of a surah other than al-Fatihah; the evidence for this is the earlier hadiths concerning the obligation of recitation that have passed in the preceding pages.
Al-Harith al-A'war is not used as evidence.
