السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الطهارة
Book of Purification
باب: ما ورد في المسح على النعلين
Reports on wiping over sandals
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أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو سَعِيدٍ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْخَلِيلِ، ثنا أَبُو أَحْمَدَ بْنُ عَدِيٍّ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بِشْرٍ الْقَزَّازُ، ثنا أَبُو عُمَيْرٍ، ثنا رَوَّادٌ، عَنْ سُفْيَانَ، عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ أَسْلَمَ، عَنْ عَطَاءِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ: " أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ تَوَضَّأَ مَرَّةً مَرَّةً وَمَسَحَ عَلَى نَعْلَيْهِ ". هَكَذَا رَوَاهُ رَوَّادُ بْنُ الْجَرَّاحِ وَهُوَ يَنْفَرِدُ عَنِ الثَّوْرِيِّ بِمَنَاكِيرَ هَذَا أَحَدُهَا وَالثِّقَاتُ رَوَوْهُ عَنِ الثَّوْرِيِّ دُونَ هَذِهِ اللَّفْظَةِ، وَرُوِيَ عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ الْحُبَابِ عَنِ الثَّوْرِيِّ هَكَذَا وَلَيْسَ بِمَحْفُوظٍ.
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) performed ablution washing each part once and wiped over his sandals.
This is how Rawwad bin al-Jarrah narrated it, and he is alone in narrating munkar (denounced) reports from al-Thawri, this being one of them; the reliable (thiqat) narrators narrated it from al-Thawri without this wording. It was also narrated like this from Zayd bin al-Hubab from al-Thawri, and it is not mahfuz (accurately preserved).
This is how Rawwad bin al-Jarrah narrated it, and he is alone in narrating munkar (denounced) reports from al-Thawri, this being one of them; the reliable (thiqat) narrators narrated it from al-Thawri without this wording. It was also narrated like this from Zayd bin al-Hubab from al-Thawri, and it is not mahfuz (accurately preserved).
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ بْنُ عَبْدَانَ، أنبأ سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ الطَّبَرَانِيُّ، ثنا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عُمَرَ الْوَكِيعِيُّ، حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي، ثنا زَيْدُ بْنُ الْحُبَابِ، ثنا سُفْيَانُ فَذَكَرَهُ بِإِسْنَادِهِ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ" مَسَحَ عَلَى النَّعْلَيْنِ" ⦗٤٢٩⦘ وَالصَّحِيحُ رِوَايَةُ الْجَمَاعَةِ وَرَوَاهُ عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ الدَّرَاوَرْدِيُّ وَهِشَامُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ أَسْلَمَ فَحَكَيَا فِي الْحَدِيثِ رَشَّ عَلَى الرِّجْلِ وَفِيهَا النَّعْلُ وَذَلِكَ يَحْتَمِلُ أَنْ يَكُونَ غَسَلَهَا فِي النَّعْلِ، فَقَدْ رَوَاهُ سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ بِلَالٍ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَجْلَانَ وَوَرْقَاءُ بْنُ عُمَرَ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ أَبِي كَثِيرٍ عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ أَسْلَمَ فَحَكَوْا فِي الْحَدِيثِ غَسْلَهُ رِجْلَيْهِ وَالْحَدِيثُ حَدِيثٌ وَاحِدٌ وَالْعَدَدُ الْكَثِيرُ أَوْلَى بِالْحِفْظِ مِنْ عَدَدِ الْيَسِيرِ مَعَ فَضْلِ حِفْظِ مِنْ حَفِظَ فِيهِ الْغَسْلَ بَعْدَ الرَّشِّ عَلَى مَنْ لَمْ يَحْفَظْهُ.
Sufyan (may Allah have mercy on him) narrated to us with the same chain that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) wiped over the sandals. The correct version is the narration of the group. (b) Abd al-Aziz al-Darawardi and Hisham bin Sa'd narrated from Zayd bin Aslam (may Allah have mercy on him) the sprinkling of water on the foot with the sandal on it, but it is also possible that he washed the foot with the sandal on. Other narrators narrate from Zayd bin Aslam (may Allah have mercy on him) that both feet were washed. The hadith is one and the same, and a large number (of narrators) is more worthy of accurate preservation than a small number, especially given the merit of those who preserved the washing after the sprinkling over those who did not preserve it.
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الرُّوذْبَارِيُّ، أنا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ دَاسَةَ، ثنا أَبُو دَاوُدَ، ثنا مُسَدَّدٌ، وَعَبَّادُ بْنُ مُوسَى قَالَا: ثنا هُشَيْمٌ، عَنْ يَعْلَى بْنِ عَطَاءٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، قَالَ عَبَّادٌ: قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنِي أَوْسُ بْنُ أَبِي أَوْسٍ الثَّقَفِيُّ، قَالَ: " رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ تَوَضَّأَ وَمَسَحَ عَلَى نَعْلَيْهِ وَقَدْمَيْهِ " وَقَالَ مُسَدَّدٌ: إِنَّهُ رَأَى رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ.
Sayyiduna Aws bin Abi Aws al-Thaqafi (may Allah be pleased with him) said: I saw the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) performing ablution; he (peace and blessings be upon him) wiped over his sandals and feet.
Musaddad said: He saw the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him).
Musaddad said: He saw the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him).
وَرَوَاهُ حَمَّادُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ عَنْ يَعْلَى بْنِ عَطَاءٍ، عَنْ أَوْسٍ الثَّقَفِيِّ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ تَوَضَّأَ وَمَسَحَ عَلَى نَعْلَيْهِ. وَهُو مُنْقَطِعٌ أَخْبَرَنَاهُ أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ فُورَكٍ أنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ، ثنا يُونُسُ بْنُ حَبِيبٍ، ثنا أَبُو دَاوُدَ الطَّيَالِسِيُّ، ثنا حَمَّادُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ فَذَكَرَهُ. ⦗٤٣٠⦘ وَهَذَا الْإِسْنَادُ غَيْرُ قَوِيٍّ وَهُوَ يَحْتَمِلُ مَا احْتَمَلَ الْحَدِيثَ الْأَوْلَ وَالَّذِي يَدُلُّ عَلَى أَنَّ الْمُرَادَ بِهِ غَسْلُ الرِّجْلَيْنِ فِي النَّعْلَيْنِ.
It is narrated from Aws al-Thaqafi (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) performed ablution and wiped over his sandals. This narration is munqati' (broken).
(b) This chain is not strong.
(b) This chain is not strong.
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ السَّلَامِ، ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ يَحْيَى، قَالَ: قَرَأْتُ عَلَى مَالِكٍ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْمَقْبُرِيِّ، عَنْ عُبَيْدِ بْنِ جُرَيْجٍ، أَنَّهُ قَالَ لِعَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ: يَا أَبَا عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ رَأَيْتُكَ تَصْنَعُ أَرْبَعًا لَمْ أَرَ أَحَدًا مِنْ أَصْحَابِكَ يَصْنَعُهَا قَالَ: مَا هُنَّ؟ فَذَكَّرَهُنَّ وَقَالَ فِيهِنَّ: رَأَيْتُكَ تَلْبَسُ النِّعَالَ السِّبْتِيَّةَ قَالَ: أَمَّا النِّعَالُ السِّبْتِيَّةُ فَإِنِّي رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَلْبَسُ النِّعَالَ الَّتِي لَيْسَ فِيهَا شَعْرٌ وَيَتَوَضَّأُ فِيهَا فَأَنَا أُحِبُّ أَنْ أَلْبَسَهَا وَرَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ يُوسُفَ عَنْ مَالِكٍ وَرَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ يَحْيَى وَكَذَلِكَ رَوَاهُ جَمَاعَةٌ عَنْ سَعِيدٍ الْمَقْبُرِيِّ وَرَوَاهُ ابْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَجْلَانَ عَنِ الْمَقْبُرِيِّ فَزَادَ فِيهِ: وَيَمْسَحُ عَلَيْهَا.
Ubayd bin Jurayj said to Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both): O Abu Abd al-Rahman! I have seen you do four things which I have not seen any Companion do. He said: What are they? He mentioned those (four) things, among them: I have seen you wear Sibti sandals (of that region). He said: As for Sibti sandals, I saw the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) wearing sandals that had no hair on them, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) would perform ablution in them, so I too love to wear them.
أَخْبَرَنَاهُ أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ الْحَافِظُ، أنا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ خُزَيْمَةَ، ثنا عَبْدُ الْجَبَّارِ بْنِ الْعَلَاءِ، ثنا سُفْيَانُ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَجْلَانَ، عَنْ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ عُبَيْدِ بْنِ جُرَيْجٍ، قَالَ: قِيلَ لِابْنِ عُمَرَ: رَأَيْنَاكَ تَفْعَلُ شَيْئًا لَمْ نَرَ أَحَدًا يَصْنَعُهُ غَيْرُكَ قَالَ: وَمَا هُوَ؟ قَالَ: رَأَيْنَاكَ تَلْبَسُ هَذِهِ النِّعَالَ السِّبْتِيَّةَ قَالَ: " إِنِّي رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَلْبَسُهَا وَيَتَوَضَّأُ فِيهَا وَيَمْسَحُ عَلَيْهَا " وَهَذِهِ الزِّيَادَةُ إِنْ كَانَتْ مَحْفُوظَةً فَلَا يُنَافِي غَسْلَهُمَا فَقَدْ يَغْسِلُهُمَا فِي النَّعْلِ وَيَمْسَحُ عَلَيْهِمَا كَمَا مَسَحَ بِنَاصِيَتِهِ وَعَلَى عِمَامَتِهِ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ.
Ubayd bin Jurayj said: It was said to Sayyiduna Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both): We have seen you do something that we have not seen anyone other than you do. He said: What is it? The people said: We have seen you wearing Sibti sandals. He said: I saw the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) wearing them, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) would perform ablution in them and wipe over them.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو طَاهِرٍ الْفَقِيهُ، أنا أَبُو عُثْمَانَ الْبَصْرِيُّ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْوَهَّابِ، أنا يَعْلَى بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ، ثنا سُفْيَانُ، عَنْ حَبِيبِ بْنِ أَبِي ثَابِتٍ، عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ وَهْبٍ، قَالَ: " بَالَ عَلِيٌّ وَهُوَ قَائِمٌ، ثُمَّ تَوَضَّأَ وَمَسَحَ عَلَى النَّعْلَيْنِ ".
It is narrated from Zayd bin Wahb that Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) urinated while standing, then performed ablution and wiped over his sandals.
وَبِإِسْنَادِهِ قَالَ: ثنا سُفْيَانُ عَنْ سَلَمَةَ بْنِ كُهَيْلٍ عَنْ أَبِي ظَبْيَانَ قَالَ: " بَالَ عَلِيٌّ وَهُوَ قَائِمٌ، ثُمَّ تَوَضَّأَ وَمَسَحَ عَلَى النَّعْلَيْنِ، ثُمَّ خَرَجَ فَصَلَّى الظُّهْرَ ".
Abu Zabyan said: Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) urinated while standing, then performed ablution and wiped over his sandals, then went out (of the house) and offered the Zuhr prayer.
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، أنبأ أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، ثنا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عَفَّانَ، ثنا ابْنُ نُمَيْرٍ، عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ، عَنْ أَبِي ظَبْيَانَ، قَالَ: رَأَيْتُ عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ بِالرَّحْبَةِ بَالَ قَائِمًا حَتَّى أَدْعَى فَأُتِيَ بِكُوزٍ مِنْ مَاءٍ فَغَسَلَ يَدَيْهِ وَاسْتَنْشَقَ وَتَمَضْمَضَ وَغَسَلَ وَجْهَهُ وَذِرَاعَيْهِ وَمَسَحَ بِرَأْسِهِ، ثُمَّ أَخَذَ كَفًّا مِنْ مَاءٍ فَوَضَعَهُ عَلَى رَأْسِهِ حَتَّى رَأَيْتُ الْمَاءَ يَنْحَدِرُ عَلَى لِحْيَتِهِ، ثُمَّ مَسَحَ عَلَى نَعْلَيْهِ، ثُمَّ أُقِيمَتِ الصَّلَاةُ فَخَلَعَ نَعْلَيْهِ، ثُمَّ تَقَدَّمَ فَأَمَّ النَّاسَ " قَالَ ابْنُ نُمَيْرٍ: قَالَ الْأَعْمَشُ: فَحَدَّثْتُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ قَالَ: إِذَا رَأَيْتَ أَبَا ظَبْيَانَ فَأَخْبَرْنِي فَرَأَيْتُ أَبَا ظَبْيَانَ قَائِمًا فِي الْكُنَاسَةِ فَقُلْتُ: هَذَا أَبُو ظَبْيَانَ فَأَتَاهُ فَسَأَلَهُ عَنِ الْحَدِيثِ، وَالْمَشْهُورُ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّهُ غَسَلَ رِجْلَيْهِ حِينَ وَصَفَ وُضُوءَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَهُوَ لَا يُخَالِفُ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَأَمَّا مَسْحُهُ عَلَى النَّعْلَيْنِ فَهُوَ مَحْمُولٌ عَلَى غَسْلِ الرِّجْلَيْنِ فِي النَّعْلَيْنِ وَالْمَسْحِ عَلَى النَّعْلَيْنِ لِأَنَّ الْمَسْحَ رُخْصَةٌ لِمَنْ تَغَطَّتْ رِجْلَاهُ بِالْخُفَّيْنِ فَلَا يُعَدَّانِهَا مَوْضِعَهَا قَالَ: وَالْأَصْلُ وُجُوبُ غَسْلِ الرِّجْلَيْنِ إِلَّا مَا خَصَّتْهُ سُنَّةٌ ثَابِتَةٌ أَوْ إِجْمَاعٌ لَا يُخْتَلَفُ فِيهِ وَلَيْسَ عَلَى الْمَسْحِ عَلَى النَّعْلَيْنِ وَلَا عَلَى الْجَوْرَبَيْنِ وَاحِدٌ مِنْهُمَا وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ.
Abu Zabyan said: I saw Sayyiduna Ali bin Abi Talib (may Allah be pleased with him) at a place called al-Rahbah; he urinated standing until it frothed. Then a vessel of water was brought, and he washed his hands, sniffed water into his nose and rinsed his mouth, then washed his face and forearms and wiped his head. Then he took a palmful of water and placed it on his head, until I saw the water running down onto his beard. Then he wiped over his sandals. Then the iqamah for the prayer was called, so he took off his sandals, stepped forward and led the people in prayer. (b) Al-A'mash said: I told Ibrahim, and he said: When you see Abu Zabyan, tell me. I saw him in al-Kunasah and told him, and he asked him about the hadith. (c) It is reported from Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) that when he described the ablution of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), he washed the feet, and he would not go against the way of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). His wiping over the sandals is understood to mean that he had washed his feet with the sandals on. Wiping is a concession for one who has covered his feet with khuffs (leather socks), so it is not extended beyond its place. The basic rule is that washing the feet is obligatory, except in cases covered by an established sunnah or a consensus (ijma'), and wiping over sandals and socks is not permissible.
