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السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الزكاة
Book of Zakah
باب: كيف فرض الصدقة
Chapter: How zakah was made obligatory
Bayhaqi 7252 — How zakah was made obligatory
اُردوEn
أَخْبَرَنَاهُ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، أنبأ أَبُو بَكْرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُؤَمَّلِ، أنبأ الْفَضْلُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الشَّعْرَانِيُّ، ثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ النُّفَيْلِيُّ، ثنا عَبَّادُ بْنُ الْعَوَّامِ، عَنْ سُفْيَانَ بْنِ حُسَيْنٍ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنْ سَالِمٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، قَالَ كَتَبَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كِتَابَ الصَّدَقَةِ فَلَمْ يُخْرِجْهُ إِلَى عُمَّالِهِ حَتَّى قُبِضَ فَقَرَنَهُ بِسَيْفِهِ فَعَمِلَ بِهِ أَبُو بَكْرٍ حَتَّى قُبِضَ ثُمَّ عَمِلَ بِهِ عُمَرُ حَتَّى قُبِضَ فَكَانَ فِيهِ فِي خَمْسٍ مِنَ الْإِبِلِ شَاةٌ وَفِي عَشْرٍ شَاتَانِ وَفِي خَمْسَ عَشْرَةَ ثَلَاثُ شِيَاهٍ وَفِي عِشْرِينَ أَرْبَعُ شِيَاهٍ وَفِي خَمْسٍ وَعِشْرِينَ ابْنَةُ مَخَاضٍ إِلَى خَمْسٍ وَثَلَاثِينَ فَإِذَا زَادَتْ وَاحِدَةً ⦗١٤٨⦘ فَفِيهَا بِنْتُ لَبُونٍ إِلَى خَمْسٍ وَأَرْبَعِينَ فَإِذَا زَادَتْ وَاحِدَةً فَفِيهَا حِقَّةٌ إِلَى سِتِّينَ فَإِذَا زَادَتْ وَاحِدَةً فَفِيهَا جَذَعَةٌ إِلَى خَمْسٍ وَسَبْعِينَ، فَإِذَا زَادَتْ وَاحِدَةً فَفِيهَا بِنْتَا لَبُونٍ إِلَى تِسْعِينَ، فَإِذَا زَادَتْ وَاحِدَةً فَفِيهَا حِقَّتَانِ إِلَى عِشْرِينَ وَمِائَةٍ، فَإِنْ كَانَتِ الْإِبِلُ أَكْثَرَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ فَفِي كُلِّ خَمْسِينَ حِقَّةٌ وَفِي كُلِّ أَرْبَعِينَ ابْنَةُ لَبُونٍ وَفِي الْغَنَمِ فِي كُلِّ أَرْبَعِينَ شَاةٍ شَاةٌ إِلَى عِشْرِينَ وَمِائَةٍ، فَإِذَا زَادَتْ وَاحِدَةً فَشَاتَانِ إِلَى مِائَتَيْنِ، فَإِذَا زَادَتْ عَلَى الْمِائَتَيْنِ فَفِيهَا ثَلَاثُ شِيَاهٍ إِلَى ثَلَاثِمِائَةٍ، فَإِذَا كَانَتِ الْغَنَمُ أَكْثَرَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ فَفِي كُلِّ مِائَةِ شَاةٍ شَاةٌ، وَلَيْسَ فِيهَا شَيْءٌ حَتَّى تَبْلُغَ الْمِائَةَ وَلَا يُفَرَّقُ بَيْنَ مُجْتَمِعٍ وَلَا يُجْمَعُ بَيْنَ مُتَفَرِّقٍ مَخَافَةَ الصَّدَقَةِ وَمَا كَانَ مِنْ خَلِيطَيْنِ فَإِنَّهُمَا يَتَرَاجَعَانِ بِالسَّوِيَّةِ وَلَا تُؤْخَذُ فِي الصَّدَقَةِ هَرِمَةٌ وَلَا ذَاتُ عَيْبٍ " قَالَ الزُّهْرِيُّ: إِذَا جَاءَ الْمُصَدِّقُ قُسِّمَتِ الشَّاءُ أَثْلَاثًا ثُلُثًا شِرَارًا وَثُلُثًا خِيَارًا وَثُلُثًا وَسَطًا فَيَأْخُذُ الْمُصَدِّقُ مِنَ الْوَسَطِ وَلَمْ يَذْكُرِ الزُّهْرِيُّ الْبَقَرَ.
Salim narrates from his father (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) wrote out the zakah dues, but he had not yet sent it to his officials when he (peace and blessings be upon him) passed away, so it was tied to his (peace and blessings be upon him) sword. Then Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) implemented it until he too passed away, then Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) acted upon it until he too passed away. It was as follows: "On five camels one goat, on ten camels two goats, on fifteen camels three, and on twenty four goats. On twenty-five camels a bint makhad (one-year-old), up to thirty-five. When they exceed that, up to forty-five a bint labun. Then if they exceed that, up to sixty a hiqqah. Then if more than that, up to seventy-five a jadha'ah. If more than that, up to ninety two bint labun. If they exceed that, up to one hundred and twenty two hiqqahs (three-year-olds). Then if the camels are more than even that, on every fifty a hiqqah and on every forty a bint labun. On forty sheep there is one sheep, up to one hundred and twenty. When they exceed that, up to two hundred there are two sheep. When they exceed two hundred, up to three hundred there are three sheep. When the sheep are more than that, on every hundred there is one sheep; until the number reaches a hundred there is no sheep due on it. Flocks grazing together are not to be separated, nor flocks grazing separately combined, for fear of zakah. Those who are partners will settle equally between themselves. In zakah, neither an old sheep nor a defective one is to be taken."
Al-Zuhri (may Allah have mercy on him) said: They are to be divided into three parts, the best, the middling and the inferior, and the zakah is to be collected from the middling.
Al-Zuhri (may Allah have mercy on him) said: They are to be divided into three parts, the best, the middling and the inferior, and the zakah is to be collected from the middling.
