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السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الصلاة
Book of Prayer
باب: ما يستدل به على أنه لا يجوز أن يكون حديث ابن مسعود في تحريم الكلام ناسخا لحديث أبي هريرة وغيره في كلام الناسي وذلك لتقدم حديث عبد الله وتأخر حديث أب
Chapter: Evidence that the hadith of Ibn Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) on the prohibition of speaking cannot abrogate the hadith of Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) and others on the speech of one who forgets, since the hadith of Abdullah came earlier and that of Abu Hurairah later
Bayhaqi 3925 — Evidence that the hadith of Ibn Mas'ud
اُردوEn
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو سَعِيدٍ الْإِسْفَرَايِينِيُّ، أَنْبَأَ أَبُو بَحْرٍ الْبَرْبَهَارِيُّ، ثنا بِشْرُ بْنُ مُوسَى قَالَ: قَالَ الْحُمَيْدِيُّ وَهُوَ يَذْكُرُ هَذِهِ الْمَسْأَلَةَ وَيَحْمِلُ حَدِيثَ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ عَلَى ⦗٥١١⦘ الْعَمْدِ قَالَ: فَإِنْ قَالَ قَائِلٌ: فَمَا دَلَّ عَلَى ذَلِكَ فَظَاهِرُهُ الْعَمْدُ وَالنِّسْيَانُ وَالْجَهَالَةُ؟ قُلْنَا: صَدَقْتَ، هَذَا ظَاهِرٌ وَلَكِنْ كَانَ إِتْيَانُ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ مِنْ أَرْضِ الْحَبَشَةِ قَبْلَ بَدْرٍ، ثُمَّ شَهِدَ بَدْرًا بَعْدَ هَذَا الْقَوْلِ، فَلَمَّا وَجَدْنَا إِسْلَامَ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ وَالنَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِخَيْبَرَ قَبْلَ وَفَاةِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِثَلَاثِ سِنِينَ وَقَدْ حَضَرَ صَلَاةَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَقَوْلَ ذِي الْيَدَيْنِ وَوَجَدْنَا عِمْرَانَ بْنَ حُصَيْنٍ حَضَرَ صَلَاةَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَرَّةً أُخْرَى وَقَوْلَ الْخِرْبَاقِ: وَكَانَ إِسْلَامُ عِمْرَانَ بَعْدَ بَدْرٍ، وَوَجَدْنَا مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنَ حُدَيْجٍ حَضَرَ صَلَاةَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَقَوْلَ طَلْحَةَ بْنِ عُبَيْدِ اللهِ: وَكَانَ إِسْلَامُ مُعَاوِيَةَ قَبْلَ وَفَاةِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِشَهْرَيْنِ وَوَجَدْنَا ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ يُصَوِّبُ ابْنَ الزُّبَيْرِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ فِي ذَلِكَ وَيَذْكُرُ أَنَّهَا سُنَّةُ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَكَانَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ ابْنَ عَشْرِ سِنِينَ حِينَ قُبِضَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَوَجَدْنَا ابْنَ عُمَرَ رَوَى ذَلِكَ وَكَانَ إِجَازَةُ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ابْنَ عُمَرَ يَوْمَ الْخَنْدَقِ بَعْدَ بَدْرٍ، فَعَلِمَنَا أَنَّ حَدِيثَ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ خُصَّ بِهِ الْعَمْدُ دُونَ النِّسْيَانِ، وَلَوْ كَانَ ذَلِكَ الْحَدِيثُ فِي النِّسْيَانِ وَالْعَمْدِ يَوْمَئِذٍ لَكَانَتْ صَلَوَاتُ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ هَذِهِ نَاسِخَةً لَهُ؛ لِأَنَّهَا بَعْدَهُ.
Al-Humaydi (may Allah have mercy on him), while mentioning this issue, said that the hadith of Ibn Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) is to be understood as referring to deliberate speech. If someone says: What indicates that, when its apparent meaning covers deliberate speech, forgetfulness and ignorance? We will reply: You speak the truth; that is its apparent meaning. However, Ibn Mas'ud's (may Allah be pleased with him) return from the land of Abyssinia took place before Badr, and after this statement he took part in Badr with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). When Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) accepted Islam, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was at Khaybar, and he accepted Islam three years before the death of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), and he was present at the prayer of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and the saying of Dhul-Yadayn (may Allah be pleased with him). We found that Imran bin Husayn (may Allah be pleased with him) was present on another occasion at the prayer of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and the saying of al-Khirbaq, and Imran (may Allah be pleased with him) also accepted Islam after Badr. About Mu'awiyah bin Hudayj (may Allah be pleased with him) we have found that the prayer of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and the incident of Talhah bin Ubaydullah (may Allah be pleased with him) took place in his presence, and Mu'awiyah bin Hudayj (may Allah be pleased with him) became a Muslim only two months before the death of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). We found Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) declaring the action of Ibn al-Zubayr (may Allah be pleased with him) to be correct, and also stating that this is the Sunnah of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), and Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) was about ten years old at the time of the death of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). We also found that Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated it, and the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) gave him permission (to take part in battle) on the day of al-Khandaq, after Badr. So we came to know that the hadith of Ibn Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) is specific to deliberate speech, not forgetfulness; and if that hadith had at that time applied to both forgetfulness and deliberate speech, these later prayers of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) would abrogate it, because they came after it.
