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السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب المرتد
Book of the Apostate
باب: مال المرتد إذا مات أو قتل على الردة
Chapter: The property of an apostate who dies or is killed in apostasy
Bayhaqi 16894 — The property of an apostate who dies or is killed
اُردوEn
أَخْبَرَنَا الْقَاضِي أَبُو سَعِيدٍ الْخَلِيلُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْبَسْتِيُّ، قَدِمَ عَلَيْنَا حَاجًّا سَنَةَ أَرْبَعِمِائَةٍ، ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ الْمُظَفَّرِ الْبَكْرِيُّ، أنبأ ابْنُ أَبِي خَيْثَمَةَ، ثنا يُوسُفُ بْنُ مَنَازِلٍ، ثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ إِدْرِيسَ، ثنا خَالِدُ بْنُ أَبِي كَرِيمَةَ، عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ قُرَّةَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ " بَعَثَ أَبَاهُ، جَدَّ مُعَاوِيَةَ، إِلَى رَجُلٍ عَرَّسَ بِامْرَأَةِ أَبِيهِ، فَأَمَرَهُ فَضَرَبَ عُنُقَهُ وَخَمَّسَ مَالَهُ " قَالَ أَصْحَابُنَا: ضَرْبُ الرَّقَبَةِ وَتَخْمِيسُ الْمَالِ لَا يَكُونُ إِلَّا عَلَى الْمُرْتَدِّ، فَكَأَنَّهُ اسْتَحَلَّهُ مَعَ عِلْمِهِ بِتَحْرِيمِهِ، وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ: وَقَدْ رُوِيَ أَنَّ مُعَاوِيَةَ كَتَبَ إِلَى ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ وَزَيْدِ بْنِ ثَابِتٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا يَسْأَلُهُمَا عَنْ مِيرَاثِ الْمُرْتَدِّ، فَقَالَا: لِبَيْتِ الْمَالِ قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ: يَعْنِيَانِ أَنَّهُ فَيْءٌ.
Mu'awiyah bin Qurrah narrates from his father that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) sent his father, the grandfather of Mu'awiyah, to a man who had consummated marriage with his father's wife; he ordered him, so he struck his neck and took one-fifth of his property.
Our companions said: Striking the neck and taking one-fifth of the property apply only to the apostate, so it seems he had deemed it lawful while knowing it was forbidden. And Allah knows best.
Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Sayyiduna Mu'awiyah (may Allah be pleased with him) asked Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas and Sayyiduna Zayd bin Thabit (may Allah be pleased with them both) about the inheritance of the apostate, and they answered: It goes to the public treasury (bayt al-mal). Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: They meant that it is fay'.
Our companions said: Striking the neck and taking one-fifth of the property apply only to the apostate, so it seems he had deemed it lawful while knowing it was forbidden. And Allah knows best.
Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Sayyiduna Mu'awiyah (may Allah be pleased with him) asked Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas and Sayyiduna Zayd bin Thabit (may Allah be pleased with them both) about the inheritance of the apostate, and they answered: It goes to the public treasury (bayt al-mal). Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: They meant that it is fay'.
