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السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب المرتد
Book of the Apostate
باب: قتل من ارتد عن الإسلام إذا ثبت عليه رجلا كان أو امرأة
Chapter: Killing one who apostatises from Islam when it is established against him, whether man or woman
Bayhaqi 16871 — Killing one who apostatises from Islam
اُردوEn
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو سَعِيدِ بْنُ أَبِي عَمْرٍو، ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ الْأَصَمُّ، أَنْبَأَ الرَّبِيعُ، أَنْبَأَ الشَّافِعِيُّ، قَالَ: فَخَالَفَنَا بَعْضُ النَّاسِ فِي الْمُرْتَدَّةِ، وَكَانَتْ حُجَّتُهُ شَيْئًا رَوَاهُ عَنْ عَاصِمٍ، عَنْ أَبِي رَزِينٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، فِي الْمَرْأَةِ تَرْتَدُّ عَنِ الْإِسْلَامِ تُحْبَسُ وَلَا تُقْتَلُ، فَكَلَّمَنِي بَعْضُ مَنْ يَذْهَبُ هَذَا الْمَذْهَبَ، وَبِحَضْرَتِنَا جَمَاعَةٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ بِالْحَدِيثِ، فَسَأَلْنَاهُمْ عَنْ هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ، فَمَا عَلِمْتُ مِنْهُمْ وَاحِدًا سَكَتَ أَنْ قَالَ: هَذَا خَطَأٌ، وَالَّذِي رَوَى هَذَا لَيْسَ مِمَّنْ يُثْبِتُ أَهْلُ الْحَدِيثِ حَدِيثَهُ، قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ: وَقَدْ رَوَى بَعْضُهُمْ عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّهُ قَتَلَ نِسْوَةً ارْتَدَدْنَ عَنِ الْإِسْلَامِ، فَكَيْفَ لَمْ يُصَرْ إِلَيْهِ؟.
Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: There is disagreement concerning the female apostate. Some people's evidence is the narration of Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) that she is to be imprisoned and not killed. Some of those who hold this view spoke with me while a group of the scholars of hadith were present with us, so we asked them about this hadith, and I do not know of a single one of them who held back from saying: This is a mistake, and the one who narrated it is not among those whose hadith the people of hadith accept as established. Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Some have narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) that he killed women who had apostatised from Islam, so why was that not adopted?
