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السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الإقرار
Book of Acknowledgement
باب: إقرار الوارث بوارث
Chapter: An heir acknowledging another heir
Bayhaqi 11466 — An heir acknowledging another heir
اُردوEn
وَأَمَّا الَّذِي أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْمُقْرِئُ، أنبأ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ، ثنا يُوسُفُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، أنبأ أَبُو الرَّبِيعِ، ثنا جَرِيرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْحَمِيدِ، عَنْ مَنْصُورٍ، عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ، عَنْ يُوسُفَ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ قَالَ كَانَتْ لِزَمْعَةَ جَارِيَةٌ يَتَّطِئُهَا، وَكَانَ رَجُلٌ يَتْبَعُهَا يَظُنُّ بِهَا، فَمَاتَ زَمْعَةُ وَالْجَارِيَةُ حُبْلَى، فَوَلَدَتْ غُلَامًا يُشْبِهُ الرَّجُلَ الَّذِي كَانَ يُظَنُّ بِهَا، فَسَأَلَتْ سَوْدَةُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنْ ذَلِكَ، فَقَالَ: " أَمَّا الْمِيرَاثُ فَهُوَ لَهُ، وَأَمَّا أَنْتِ فَاحْتَجِبِي مِنْهُ؛ فَإِنَّهُ لَيْسَ لَكِ بِأَخٍ " فَإِسْنَادُ هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ لَا يُقَاوِمُ إِسْنَادَ الْحَدِيث الْأَوَّلِ؛ لِأَنَّ الْحَدِيثَ الْأَوَّلَ رُوَاتُهُ مَشْهُورُونَ بِالْحِفْظِ وَالْفِقْهِ وَالْأَمَانَةِ، وَعَائِشَةُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا تُخْبِرُ عَنْ تِلْكَ الْقِصَّةِ كَأَنَّهَا شَهِدَتْهَا، وَالْحَدِيثُ الْآخَرُ فِي رُوَاتِهِ مَنْ نُسِبَ فِي آخِرِ عُمْرِهِ إِلَى سُوءِ الْحِفْظِ، وَهُوَ جَرِيرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْحَمِيدِ، وَفِيهِمْ مَنْ لَا يُعْرَفُ بِسَبَبٍ يَثْبُتُ بِهِ حَدِيثُهُ، وَهُوَ يُوسُفُ بْنُ الزُّبَيْرِ، وَقَدْ قِيلَ فِي غَيْرِ هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ: عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ، عَنْ يُوسُفَ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ، أَوِ الزُّبَيْرِ بْنِ يُوسُفَ، مَوْلًى لِآلِ الزُّبَيْرِ، وَعَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ، وَعَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ الزُّبَيْرِ كَأَنَّهُ لَمْ يَشْهَدِ الْقِصَّةَ لِصِغَرِهِ، فَرِوَايَةُ مَنْ شَهِدَهَا، وَجَمِيعِ مَنْ فِي إِسْنَادِ حَدِيثِهَا حُفَّاظٌ ثِقَاتٌ مَشْهُورُونَ بِالْفِقْهِ وَالْعَدَالَةِ، أَوْلَى بِالَأخْذِ بِهَا، وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ. ⦗١٤٤⦘ وَيُحْتَمَلُ أَنْ يَكُونَ الْمُرَادُ بِقَوْلِهِ، إِنْ كَانَ قَالَهُ: " فَإِنَّهُ لَيْسَ لَكِ بِأَخٍ شَبَهًا، وَإِنْ كَانَ لَكِ بِحُكْمِ الْفِرَاشِ أَخًا "، فَلَا يَكُونُ قَوْلُهُ: " هُوَ أَخُوكَ يَا عَبْدُ " مُخَالِفًا؛ فَقَدْ أَلْحَقَهُ بِالْفِرَاشِ حَتَّى حَكَمَ لَهُ بِالْمِيرَاثِ، وَبِاللهِ التَّوْفِيقُ.
It is narrated from Abdullah bin al-Zubayr (may Allah be pleased with him) that Zam'ah had a slave-girl with whom he used to have intercourse, and a man used to follow her and was suspected with her. Zam'ah died while the slave-girl was pregnant, and she gave birth to a boy who resembled the man who had been suspected with her. Sawdah (may Allah be pleased with her) asked the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) about this, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "As for the inheritance, it is his (the boy's); as for you, observe hijab from him, for he is not your brother."
The chain of this hadith does not stand up to the chain of the first hadith, because the narrators of the first hadith are well known for memory, understanding and trustworthiness, and Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) relates that story as though she witnessed it, whereas among the narrators of the other hadith is one who was described as having poor memory at the end of his life, namely Jarir bin Abd al-Hamid, and among them is one who is not known for anything by which his hadith could be established, namely Yusuf bin al-Zubayr. Abdullah bin al-Zubayr (may Allah be pleased with him) seemingly did not witness the incident because of his young age. So the narration of the one who witnessed it, all of whose chain are trustworthy hafiz narrators well known for understanding and uprightness, is more worthy of being adopted, and Allah knows best.
If he (peace and blessings be upon him) did say it, his words may mean: he is not your brother in resemblance, even though by the ruling of the bed he is your brother. So it does not contradict his saying: "O Abd! He is your brother." For he attached him to the bed, to the point of ruling inheritance for him.
The chain of this hadith does not stand up to the chain of the first hadith, because the narrators of the first hadith are well known for memory, understanding and trustworthiness, and Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) relates that story as though she witnessed it, whereas among the narrators of the other hadith is one who was described as having poor memory at the end of his life, namely Jarir bin Abd al-Hamid, and among them is one who is not known for anything by which his hadith could be established, namely Yusuf bin al-Zubayr. Abdullah bin al-Zubayr (may Allah be pleased with him) seemingly did not witness the incident because of his young age. So the narration of the one who witnessed it, all of whose chain are trustworthy hafiz narrators well known for understanding and uprightness, is more worthy of being adopted, and Allah knows best.
If he (peace and blessings be upon him) did say it, his words may mean: he is not your brother in resemblance, even though by the ruling of the bed he is your brother. So it does not contradict his saying: "O Abd! He is your brother." For he attached him to the bed, to the point of ruling inheritance for him.
