مستدرکِ حاکم
Mustadrak al-Hakim
كتاب معرفة الصحابة رضي الله تعالى عنهم
Book of Knowing the Companions (may Allah be pleased with them)
ذِكْرُ أُمِّ حَبِيبَةَ بِنْتِ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ - رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا -
Virtues of Umm Habibah bint Abi Sufyan (may Allah be pleased with her), and her dowry was forty uqiyah
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حَدَّثَنَا أبو العبّاس محمد بن يعقوب، حَدَّثَنَا عبد الله بن [أبي] أسامة الحَلَبيّ، حَدَّثَنَا حجاج بن أبي مَنيع، عن جدِّه، عن الزُّهْري قال: فتزوَّج رسولُ الله ﷺ أمَّ حبيبةَ بنت أبي سفيان، وكانت قبلَه تحت عُبيد الله بن جحش الأسَدي أسَد خزيمة، فمات عنها بأرضِ الحبشة، وكان خَرَج بها من مكةَ مهاجرًا، ثم افتُتنَ وتنصَّر، فمات وهو نصرانيّ (1)، وأبَتْ أمُّ حبيبة بنت أبي سفيان أن تتنصَّر، وأتمَّ الله تعالى لها الإسلامَ والهجرةَ حتَّى قَدِمَت المدينة، فخَطَبها رسولُ الله ﷺ، فزوجها إياه عثمانُ بن عفان. قال الزُّهْري: وقد زعموا: أنَّ النَّبِيّ ﷺ كَتَبَ إلى النَّجاشي فزوَّجها إياه، وساق عنه (1) أربعينَ أُوقيَّة (2).
It is narrated from Imam al-Zuhri that then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) married Sayyidah Umm Habibah bint Abi Sufyan (may Allah be pleased with her). Before him she had been married to Ubaydullah bin Jahsh al-Asadi, who died away from her in the land of Abyssinia. He had taken her with him from Makkah as an emigrant, but there he fell into trial, became a Christian and died in the state of Christianity, while Sayyidah Umm Habibah (may Allah be pleased with her) refused to become a Christian, and Allah Almighty preserved for her the virtue of Islam and emigration until she came to Madinah. Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) proposed to her, and Sayyiduna Uthman bin Affan (may Allah be pleased with him) married her to him (peace and blessings be upon him). Al-Zuhri said: People also relate that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) wrote to the Negus (al-Najashi), and he married her to him (peace and blessings be upon him) and paid forty uqiyyah as dowry on his (peace and blessings be upon him) behalf.
حدَّثني أبو بكر محمد بن أحمد بن بالَوَيهِ ﵀، حَدَّثَنَا إبراهيم بن إسحاق الحَرْبي، حَدَّثَنَا مصعب بن عبد الله الزُّبيريّ، قال: أمُّ حبيبة بنتُ أبي سفيان بن حرب، اسمُها رَمْلةُ بنت أبي سفيان، ويقال: اسمُها هِندٌ، والمشهورُ رَمْلةُ، وأمُّها صفيّةُ بنت أبي العاص بن أمية، ويقال: آمنة بنت عبد العُزَّى بن حُرْثان بن عوف بن عُبيد بن عُوَيج بن عَدي بن كعب، وتُوفِّيت قبلَ معاوية بسنة.
It is narrated from Mus'ab bin Abdullah al-Zubayri that the name of Sayyidah Umm Habibah bint Abi Sufyan bin Harb was Ramlah bint Abi Sufyan; according to one view it was Hind, but Ramlah is better known. Her mother was Safiyyah bint Abi al-As bin Umayyah; according to one view she was Aminah bint Abd al-Uzza. She passed away one year before the death of Sayyiduna Mu'awiyah (may Allah be pleased with him).
فحدثني أبو عبد الله الأصبهانيّ، حَدَّثَنَا الحسن بن مَصْقلة، حَدَّثَنَا الحسين بن الفَرَج، حَدَّثَنَا محمد بن عمر قال: وأمُّ حبيبة واسمها رملةُ بنت أبي سفيان بن حرب، وأمها صفيةُ بنت أبي العاص بن أُميّة بن عبد شمس، عمَّةٌ عثمان بن عفّان، تزوَّجها عُبيد الله بن جحش بن رئاب حليفُ حرب بن أُمية، فولدت له حبيبةَ فكُنيت بها، وتزوَّج حبيبةَ داودُ بن عُرْوة بن مسعود الثقفي.
It is narrated from Muhammad bin Umar (al-Waqidi) that Sayyidah Umm Habibah's name was Ramlah bint Abi Sufyan bin Harb, and her mother was Safiyyah bint Abi al-As bin Umayyah, who was the paternal aunt of Sayyiduna Uthman bin Affan (may Allah be pleased with him). Ubaydullah bin Jahsh bin Ri'ab, who was an ally of Harb bin Umayyah, married her, and Habibah was born to them, after whom she took her kunyah (Umm Habibah); and Habibah was married to Dawud bin Urwah bin Mas'ud al-Thaqafi.
قال ابن عمر: حَدَّثَنَا عبد الله بن عمرو بن زهير، عن إسماعيل بن عمرو بن سعيد بن العاص قال: قالت أمُّ حبيبة: رأيت في المنام كأنَّ عُبيد الله بن جحش زوجي بأسوأِ صورة وأشوَهِه، ففزعتُ فقلتُ: تغيَّرَتْ واللهِ حالُه، فإذا هو يقولُ حينَ أصبح: يا أمَّ حبيبة، إنِّي نظرتُ في الدَّين فلم أر دينًا خيرًا من النصرانية، وكنتُ قد دِنتُ بها، ثم دخلتُ في دين محمد، ثم رجعتُ إلى النصرانية. فقلتُ: والله ما خيرٌ لك، وأخبرتُه بالرؤيا التي رأيتُ له، فلم يَحفِلْ بها، وأكبَّ على الخمر حتَّى مات، فأَرَى في النَّوم كأنَّ آتيًا يقولُ لي: يا أمَّ المؤمنين، ففَزِعتُ وأَوَّلَتُها أَنَّ رسولَ الله ﷺ يتزوَّجني، قالت: فما هو إلَّا أن انقضت عِدَّتي فما شعرتُ إلَّا برسولِ النجاشيِّ على بابي يستأذنُ، فإذا جاريةٌ له يُقال لها: أبرهةُ، كانت تقومُ على ثيابِه ودُهْنه (1)، فدخلَتْ عليَّ فقالت: إنَّ الملك يقولُ لك: إنَّ رسول الله ﷺ كتب إليَّ أن أزوِّجَكِ، فقلتُ: بشَرِك الله بخير، وقالت: يقول لكِ الملكُ: وَكِّلي من يُزوِّجُك، فأرسلَتْ إلى خالد بن سعيد بن العاص فوكَّلتْه، وأعطَتْ أبرهةَ سِوارًا من فضَّة، وخَدَمَتينِ كانتا في رِجليها (1)، وخواتيمَ فِضَّة كانت في أصابعٍ رِجليها، سرورًا بما بشَّرتها به. فلما كان العَشِيُّ أمر النجاشيُّ جعفرَ بن أبي طالب ومَن هناك من المسلمين فحضروا، فخَطَبَ النجاشيُّ، فقال: الحمدُ لله الملِك القدُّوس السلامِ المؤمن المُهيمِن العزيز الجبَّار، الحمدُ لله حقَّ حَمْدِه، أشهدُ أن لا إله إلَّا الله وأنَّ محمدًا عبدُه ورسوله، وأنه الذي بشَّر به عيسى ابن مريم ﵇، أما بعد: فإنَّ رسول الله ﷺ كتبَ إليَّ أن أُزوِّجَه أمَّ حبيبة بنت سفيان، فأجبتُ إلى ما دعا إليه رسولُ الله ﷺ، وقد أصدقتُها أربعَ مئة دينار. ثم سَكَبَ الدنانيرَ بين يدي القوم، فتكلَّم خالد بن سعيد، فقال: الحمدُ الله أحمَدُه وأستعينُه وأستنصرُه، وأشهدُ أن لا إله إلَّا الله (2)، وأشهد أنَّ محمدًا عبدُه ورسولُه، أرسلَه بالهدى ودينِ الحقِّ ليُظهرَه على الدِّين كلِّه ولو كره المشركون، أما بعد: فقد أجبتُ إلى ما دعا إليه رسولُ الله ﷺ وزوَّجتُه أمُّ حبيبة بنت أبي سفيان، فبارك الله لرسوله. ودفعَ الدنانيرَ إلى خالد بن سعيد فقبَضَها، ثم أرادوا أن يقوموا، فقال: اجلِسوا، فإنَّ سُنَّة الأنبياء ﵈ إذا تزوَّجوا أن يُؤكلَ الطعامُ على التزويج، فدعا بطعامٍ فأكلوا، ثم تفرَّقوا. قالت أمُّ حبيبة: فلما وصلَ إليَّ المال، أرسلتُ إلى أبرهةَ التي بشَّرتني، فقلتُ لها: إنِّي كنتُ أعطيتُكِ ما أعطيتُك يومئذٍ ولا مالَ بيدي، وهذه خمسون مِثقالًا، فخُذِيها فاستعيني بها، فأخرجَتْ إليَّ حُقَّةٌ فيها جميعُ ما أعطيتُها، فردَّته إليَّ، وقالت: عَزَمَ عليَّ الملكُ أن لا أرزَأَكِ شيئًا، وأنا التي أقومُ على ثيابه ودُهْنه (3)، وقد اتبعتُ دِينَ رسولِ الله ﷺ وأسلمتُ الله، وقد أمرَ الملك نساءَه أن يبعثن إليك بكلِّ ما عندَهنَّ من العِطْر، فلما كان الغدُ جاءتني بعُود ووَرْسٍ وعنبر وزَبَادٍ كثير، وقدمتُ بذلك كلِّه على رسول الله ﷺ، وكان يراه عليَّ وعندي فلا يُنكر. ثم قالت أبرهةُ: فحاجتي إليكِ أن تُقرئي رسول الله ﷺ منِّي السلامَ، وتُعلِميه أنِّي قد اتبعتُ دينَه، قالت: ثم لطفَتْ بي، وكانت هي التي جهَّزتني، وكانت كلَّما دخلت عليَّ تقول: لا تنسَيْ حاجتي إليكِ. قالت: فلمَّا قَدِمْنا على رسول الله ﷺ أخبرتُه كيف كانت الخِطبةُ، وما فعلت بي أبرهةُ، فتبسَّم رسولُ الله ﷺ وأقرأتُه منها السلامَ، فقال: "وعليها السلامُ ورَحِمَهُ اللهُ" (1).
Through Muhammad bin Umar (al-Waqidi), Sayyidah Umm Habibah (may Allah be pleased with her) relates: I saw in a dream my husband Ubaydullah bin Jahsh in the worst and most hideous form. I was alarmed and said: By Allah, his state has changed. Then, when morning came, he said to me: O Umm Habibah, I have reflected on the religions and found no religion better than Christianity. I followed it before, then I entered the religion of Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him), and now I am returning to Christianity. I said to him: By Allah, there is no good in it for you. I also told him the dream I had seen, but he paid it no heed and gave himself over to drinking wine until he died in that state. Then I saw in a dream as if someone was coming and saying to me: "O Mother of the Believers." I was alarmed, and I interpreted it to mean that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) would marry me. Sayyidah Umm Habibah (may Allah be pleased with her) says: My waiting period ('iddah) had only just ended when I came to know that the Negus's messenger was at my door asking permission to enter. It was a slave-girl of his called "Abrahah", who looked after the king's clothes and perfume. She came in to me and said: The king says that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) has written to him to marry you to him. I said: May Allah give you glad tidings of good. She said: The king says that you should appoint someone as your agent to conduct your marriage. So I sent for Khalid bin Sa'id bin al-As (may Allah be pleased with him) and appointed him my agent, and in joy at this good news I gave Abrahah a silver bracelet, my two anklets, and the silver rings that were on the toes of my feet. When evening came, the Negus summoned Ja'far bin Abi Talib (may Allah be pleased with him) and the other Muslims who were there, and the Negus delivered a sermon: 'Al-hamdu lillahil-malikil-quddusis-salamil-mu'minil-muhayminil-azizil-jabbar' (All praise is for Allah, the King, the Most Holy, the Source of Peace, the Giver of Security, the Guardian, the Almighty, the Compeller). I praise Allah as He deserves to be praised, and I bear witness that there is no god but Allah and that Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) is His servant and Messenger, and that he is the one of whom Isa son of Maryam (peace be upon him) gave glad tidings. To proceed: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) has written to me to marry him to Umm Habibah bint Abi Sufyan. I have accepted this call of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), and I have fixed her dowry (mahr) at four hundred dinars. Then he poured out the dinars before the people. After that Khalid bin Sa'id (may Allah be pleased with him) spoke and said: 'Al-hamdu lillahi ahmaduhu wa asta'inuhu wa astansiruh' (All praise is for Allah; I praise Him, seek His help and seek His support), and I bear witness that there is no god but Allah and that Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) is His servant and Messenger, whom Allah sent with guidance and the religion of truth to make it prevail over all religions, even though the polytheists dislike it. To proceed: I have accepted this call of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and have married Umm Habibah bint Abi Sufyan to him. May Allah Almighty bless it for His Messenger. He handed the dinars to Khalid bin Sa'id, and he received them. Then, when the people intended to rise, the Negus said: Sit down, for it is the practice (sunnah) of the prophets (peace be upon them) that when they marry, food is served on the occasion. So he called for food, and they all ate, then they departed. Umm Habibah (may Allah be pleased with her) says: When that wealth reached me, I sent for Abrahah, who had given me the glad tidings, and said to her: What I gave you that day, I gave when I had no wealth; now here are fifty mithqals (of gold), take them and meet your needs. She brought out a small box containing everything I had given her, returned it all to me and said: The king has strictly instructed me not to take anything from you. I am the one who looks after his clothes and perfume, and I have followed the religion of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and have submitted to Allah in Islam. The king has ordered all his wives to send you whatever perfumes they have. So the next day she came to me with aloeswood ('ud), wars, ambergris and a large quantity of civet (zabad, a perfume). I took all of it with me when I came to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), and he (peace and blessings be upon him) would see that perfume on me and would not object. Then Abrahah said: My need from you is that you convey my greetings of peace to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and tell him that I have followed his religion. She kept treating me with great kindness, and it was she who prepared my belongings; whenever she came to me she would say: Do not forget my need (the greeting). Umm Habibah (may Allah be pleased with her) says: When we reached the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), I told him (peace and blessings be upon him) all the details of the marriage proposal and of Abrahah's kindness, and the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) smiled. I conveyed her greeting to him (peace and blessings be upon him), and he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "And upon her be peace and the mercy of Allah."
