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مستدرکِ حاکم
Mustadrak al-Hakim
كتاب معرفة الصحابة رضي الله تعالى عنهم
Book of Knowing the Companions (may Allah be pleased with them)
ذِكْرُ أُمِّ حَبِيبَةَ بِنْتِ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ - رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا -
Virtues of Umm Habibah bint Abi Sufyan (may Allah be pleased with her), and her dowry was forty uqiyah
Mustadrak al-Hakim — Hadith 6923
اُردوEn
حَدَّثَنَا أبو العبّاس محمد بن يعقوب، حَدَّثَنَا عبد الله بن [أبي] أسامة الحَلَبيّ، حَدَّثَنَا حجاج بن أبي مَنيع، عن جدِّه، عن الزُّهْري قال: فتزوَّج رسولُ الله ﷺ أمَّ حبيبةَ بنت أبي سفيان، وكانت قبلَه تحت عُبيد الله بن جحش الأسَدي أسَد خزيمة، فمات عنها بأرضِ الحبشة، وكان خَرَج بها من مكةَ مهاجرًا، ثم افتُتنَ وتنصَّر، فمات وهو نصرانيّ (1)، وأبَتْ أمُّ حبيبة بنت أبي سفيان أن تتنصَّر، وأتمَّ الله تعالى لها الإسلامَ والهجرةَ حتَّى قَدِمَت المدينة، فخَطَبها رسولُ الله ﷺ، فزوجها إياه عثمانُ بن عفان. قال الزُّهْري: وقد زعموا: أنَّ النَّبِيّ ﷺ كَتَبَ إلى النَّجاشي فزوَّجها إياه، وساق عنه (1) أربعينَ أُوقيَّة (2).
It is narrated from Imam al-Zuhri that then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) married Sayyidah Umm Habibah bint Abi Sufyan (may Allah be pleased with her). Before him she had been married to Ubaydullah bin Jahsh al-Asadi, who died away from her in the land of Abyssinia. He had taken her with him from Makkah as an emigrant, but there he fell into trial, became a Christian and died in the state of Christianity, while Sayyidah Umm Habibah (may Allah be pleased with her) refused to become a Christian, and Allah Almighty preserved for her the virtue of Islam and emigration until she came to Madinah. Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) proposed to her, and Sayyiduna Uthman bin Affan (may Allah be pleased with him) married her to him (peace and blessings be upon him). Al-Zuhri said: People also relate that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) wrote to the Negus (al-Najashi), and he married her to him (peace and blessings be upon him) and paid forty uqiyyah as dowry on his (peace and blessings be upon him) behalf.
Explanation & Benefits
Shaykh Adil Murshid et al.
(1) زاد هنا في (ز) و (ب): وأثبتَ الله الإسلامَ لأمِّ حبيبة والهجرةَ ثم تنصَّر زوجُها ومات وهو نصرانيّ، وهو تكرار، ولم يرد في (م) و (ص).
Note / Clarification: (1) In manuscripts (Z) and (B) there is an addition here: "And Allah kept Umm Habibah firm upon Islam and the Hijrah; then her husband became a Christian and died as a Christian." This is a repetition and does not occur in manuscripts (M) and (S).
(1) في النسخ الخطية: عنها.
Technical note / Defect ('illah): (1) In the manuscripts it is written "anha" (from her).
(2) إسناده إلى الزهري جيد على وهم في بعض ألفاظه كما سيأتي.
Grading: (2) Its chain up to al-Zuhri is "jayyid" (good), though there is an error (wahm) in some of its wording, as will come.
وأخرجه بنحوه البيهقي 7/ 70 عن أبي عبد الله الحاكم، بهذا الإسناد ضمن خبر طويل.
Reference / Source: It was narrated similarly by al-Bayhaqi (7/ 70) from Abu Abd Allah al-Hakim, with this chain, within a long report.
وأخرج ابن عساكر في "تاريخ دمشق" 69/ 141 من طريق يونس عن ابن إسحاق قال: وكانت أمُّ حبيبة خرجت مع زوجها عبيد الله بن جحش إلى أرض الحبشة فمات بها وقد كان دخل في النصرانية وترك الإسلام فمات بها مشركًا.
Reference / Source: Ibn Asakir narrated in "Tarikh Dimashq" (69/ 141) via Yunus, from Ibn Ishaq, who said: Umm Habibah (may Allah be pleased with her) had gone out with her husband Ubayd Allah bin Jahsh to the land of Abyssinia, and he died there; he had entered Christianity and abandoned Islam, so he died there as a polytheist.
وقوله: "فزوجها إياه عثمان بن عفان" وهمٌ؛ قال الحافظ ابن حجر في "التلخيص الحبير" 3/ 50: واشتهر في السِّيَر: أنه ﷺ بعث عمرو بن أمية إلى النجاشي فزوجه أم حبيبة، وهو محتمل أن يكون هو الوكيل في القبول أو النجاشيّ، وظاهر ما في أبي داود (2107) و (2108) والنسائي (5486) أنَّ النجاشي عقد عليها عن النَّبِيّ ﷺ، وولي النكاحَ خالدُ بن سعيد بن العاص كما في المغازيّ، وقيل: عثمان بن عفان، وهو وهم.
Technical note / Defect ('illah): His statement "so Uthman bin Affan married her to him" is an error (wahm). Al-Hafiz Ibn Hajar said in "al-Talkhis al-Habir" (3/ 50): It is well known in the Sirah (books) that he (peace and blessings be upon him) sent Amr bin Umayyah to the Negus, and he married Umm Habibah to him. It is possible that he (Amr) or the Negus was the agent in accepting (the marriage). The apparent meaning of what is in Abu Dawud (2107, 2108) and al-Nasa'i (5486) is that the Negus contracted the marriage on behalf of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and the one who acted as her guardian in the marriage was Khalid bin Sa'id bin al-As, as in the Maghazi books; and it is said: Uthman bin Affan, which is an error.
وأخرج أبو نعيم في "معرفة الصحابة" (7407)، والبيهقي 7/ 139، وابن عساكر 69/ 141 و 142 من طريق محمد بن إسحاق، عن محمد بن علي بن الحسين المعروف بالباقر قال: كانت أمُّ حبيبة بالحبشة مع زوجها فمات زوجها مرتدًا، فزوّج النجاشيُّ رسولَ الله ﷺ على أربع مئة دينار ونَقَدَ الدنانير عنه، ودفعها إليه، وكان الذي ولي عقدة النكاح خالد بن سعيد بن العاص، وكان أقرب مَن هنالك منها، ثم بعث بها إلى رسول الله ﷺ مع أبي عامر الأشعريّ، وكان شيخَ مَن هناك مِن المهاجرين.
Reference / Source: It was narrated by Abu Nu'aym in "Ma'rifat al-Sahabah" (7407), al-Bayhaqi (7/ 139) and Ibn Asakir (69/ 141 and 142) via Muhammad bin Ishaq, from Muhammad bin Ali bin al-Husayn, known as al-Baqir, who said: Umm Habibah was in Abyssinia with her husband, and her husband died an apostate. So the Negus married her to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) for four hundred dinars, paid the dinars on his behalf and handed them to her. The one who acted as guardian in contracting the marriage was Khalid bin Sa'id bin al-As, who was the closest of her relatives there. Then he sent her to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) with Abu Amir al-Ash'ari, who was the elder of the Muhajirun there.
وأخرج ابن سعد في "الطبقات" 10/ 96 عن الواقديّ، عن محمد بن صالح، عن عاصم بن عمر بن قتادة قال: وحدثني عبد الرحمن بن عبد العزيز، عن عبد الله بن أبي بكر بن حزم، قالا: كان الذي زوجها وخطب إليه النجاشي خالد بن سعيد بن العاص بن أمية بن عبد شمس، وذلك سنة سبع من الهجرة، وكان لها يوم قدم بها المدينة بضع وثلاثون سنة.
Reference / Source: Ibn Sa'd narrated in "al-Tabaqat" (10/ 96) from al-Waqidi, from Muhammad bin Salih, from Asim bin Umar bin Qatadah; (al-Waqidi said:) and Abd al-Rahman bin Abd al-Aziz narrated to me from Abd Allah bin Abi Bakr bin Hazm; the two of them said: The one who married her (to him), and to whom the Negus made the proposal, was Khalid bin Sa'id bin al-As bin Umayyah bin Abd Shams. That was in the year 7 of the Hijrah, and when she was brought to Madinah she was some thirty-odd years old.
قوله في هذه الرواية: "ساق عنه أربعين أوقية" وهمٌ أيضًا، فمقدارها يساوي 1600 درهم، والمحفوظ كما في الحديث السالف برقم (2800) من طريق الزهري نفسه عن عروة عن أمّ حبيبة: أنه أَمهرَها عن النَّبِيّ ﷺ أربعةَ آلافٍ. وسيأتي في الروايتين (6926) و (6927): أنه أمهرها أربعَ مئة دينار، وهي تساوي تقريبًا أربعة آلاف درهم.
Technical note / Defect ('illah): His statement in this narration, "he paid forty uqiyyah on his behalf", is also an error, for that amount equals 1600 dirhams, whereas what is preserved (mahfuz), as in the previous hadith number (2800) via al-Zuhri himself, from Urwah, from Umm Habibah, is that he gave her a dowry of four thousand on behalf of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). And it will come in narrations (6926) and (6927) that he gave her a dowry of four hundred dinars, which is roughly equal to four thousand dirhams.
Note / Clarification: (1) In manuscripts (Z) and (B) there is an addition here: "And Allah kept Umm Habibah firm upon Islam and the Hijrah; then her husband became a Christian and died as a Christian." This is a repetition and does not occur in manuscripts (M) and (S).
(1) في النسخ الخطية: عنها.
Technical note / Defect ('illah): (1) In the manuscripts it is written "anha" (from her).
(2) إسناده إلى الزهري جيد على وهم في بعض ألفاظه كما سيأتي.
Grading: (2) Its chain up to al-Zuhri is "jayyid" (good), though there is an error (wahm) in some of its wording, as will come.
وأخرجه بنحوه البيهقي 7/ 70 عن أبي عبد الله الحاكم، بهذا الإسناد ضمن خبر طويل.
Reference / Source: It was narrated similarly by al-Bayhaqi (7/ 70) from Abu Abd Allah al-Hakim, with this chain, within a long report.
وأخرج ابن عساكر في "تاريخ دمشق" 69/ 141 من طريق يونس عن ابن إسحاق قال: وكانت أمُّ حبيبة خرجت مع زوجها عبيد الله بن جحش إلى أرض الحبشة فمات بها وقد كان دخل في النصرانية وترك الإسلام فمات بها مشركًا.
Reference / Source: Ibn Asakir narrated in "Tarikh Dimashq" (69/ 141) via Yunus, from Ibn Ishaq, who said: Umm Habibah (may Allah be pleased with her) had gone out with her husband Ubayd Allah bin Jahsh to the land of Abyssinia, and he died there; he had entered Christianity and abandoned Islam, so he died there as a polytheist.
وقوله: "فزوجها إياه عثمان بن عفان" وهمٌ؛ قال الحافظ ابن حجر في "التلخيص الحبير" 3/ 50: واشتهر في السِّيَر: أنه ﷺ بعث عمرو بن أمية إلى النجاشي فزوجه أم حبيبة، وهو محتمل أن يكون هو الوكيل في القبول أو النجاشيّ، وظاهر ما في أبي داود (2107) و (2108) والنسائي (5486) أنَّ النجاشي عقد عليها عن النَّبِيّ ﷺ، وولي النكاحَ خالدُ بن سعيد بن العاص كما في المغازيّ، وقيل: عثمان بن عفان، وهو وهم.
Technical note / Defect ('illah): His statement "so Uthman bin Affan married her to him" is an error (wahm). Al-Hafiz Ibn Hajar said in "al-Talkhis al-Habir" (3/ 50): It is well known in the Sirah (books) that he (peace and blessings be upon him) sent Amr bin Umayyah to the Negus, and he married Umm Habibah to him. It is possible that he (Amr) or the Negus was the agent in accepting (the marriage). The apparent meaning of what is in Abu Dawud (2107, 2108) and al-Nasa'i (5486) is that the Negus contracted the marriage on behalf of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and the one who acted as her guardian in the marriage was Khalid bin Sa'id bin al-As, as in the Maghazi books; and it is said: Uthman bin Affan, which is an error.
وأخرج أبو نعيم في "معرفة الصحابة" (7407)، والبيهقي 7/ 139، وابن عساكر 69/ 141 و 142 من طريق محمد بن إسحاق، عن محمد بن علي بن الحسين المعروف بالباقر قال: كانت أمُّ حبيبة بالحبشة مع زوجها فمات زوجها مرتدًا، فزوّج النجاشيُّ رسولَ الله ﷺ على أربع مئة دينار ونَقَدَ الدنانير عنه، ودفعها إليه، وكان الذي ولي عقدة النكاح خالد بن سعيد بن العاص، وكان أقرب مَن هنالك منها، ثم بعث بها إلى رسول الله ﷺ مع أبي عامر الأشعريّ، وكان شيخَ مَن هناك مِن المهاجرين.
Reference / Source: It was narrated by Abu Nu'aym in "Ma'rifat al-Sahabah" (7407), al-Bayhaqi (7/ 139) and Ibn Asakir (69/ 141 and 142) via Muhammad bin Ishaq, from Muhammad bin Ali bin al-Husayn, known as al-Baqir, who said: Umm Habibah was in Abyssinia with her husband, and her husband died an apostate. So the Negus married her to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) for four hundred dinars, paid the dinars on his behalf and handed them to her. The one who acted as guardian in contracting the marriage was Khalid bin Sa'id bin al-As, who was the closest of her relatives there. Then he sent her to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) with Abu Amir al-Ash'ari, who was the elder of the Muhajirun there.
وأخرج ابن سعد في "الطبقات" 10/ 96 عن الواقديّ، عن محمد بن صالح، عن عاصم بن عمر بن قتادة قال: وحدثني عبد الرحمن بن عبد العزيز، عن عبد الله بن أبي بكر بن حزم، قالا: كان الذي زوجها وخطب إليه النجاشي خالد بن سعيد بن العاص بن أمية بن عبد شمس، وذلك سنة سبع من الهجرة، وكان لها يوم قدم بها المدينة بضع وثلاثون سنة.
Reference / Source: Ibn Sa'd narrated in "al-Tabaqat" (10/ 96) from al-Waqidi, from Muhammad bin Salih, from Asim bin Umar bin Qatadah; (al-Waqidi said:) and Abd al-Rahman bin Abd al-Aziz narrated to me from Abd Allah bin Abi Bakr bin Hazm; the two of them said: The one who married her (to him), and to whom the Negus made the proposal, was Khalid bin Sa'id bin al-As bin Umayyah bin Abd Shams. That was in the year 7 of the Hijrah, and when she was brought to Madinah she was some thirty-odd years old.
قوله في هذه الرواية: "ساق عنه أربعين أوقية" وهمٌ أيضًا، فمقدارها يساوي 1600 درهم، والمحفوظ كما في الحديث السالف برقم (2800) من طريق الزهري نفسه عن عروة عن أمّ حبيبة: أنه أَمهرَها عن النَّبِيّ ﷺ أربعةَ آلافٍ. وسيأتي في الروايتين (6926) و (6927): أنه أمهرها أربعَ مئة دينار، وهي تساوي تقريبًا أربعة آلاف درهم.
Technical note / Defect ('illah): His statement in this narration, "he paid forty uqiyyah on his behalf", is also an error, for that amount equals 1600 dirhams, whereas what is preserved (mahfuz), as in the previous hadith number (2800) via al-Zuhri himself, from Urwah, from Umm Habibah, is that he gave her a dowry of four thousand on behalf of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). And it will come in narrations (6926) and (6927) that he gave her a dowry of four hundred dinars, which is roughly equal to four thousand dirhams.
Source: Al-Mustadrak ala al-Sahihayn (Takhrij & Tahqiq: Shaykh Adil Murshid et al.), Page: 6923
