مستدرکِ حاکم
Mustadrak al-Hakim
كتاب التفسير
Book of Tafsir
قصة إسلام النجاشي وغلبة وفد المسلمين على الكافرين عنده
The story of the Negus accepting Islam and the Muslim delegation prevailing over the disbelievers before him
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أخبرنا أبو عبد الله محمد بن عبد الله الزاهد الأصبهاني، حدثنا أحمد ابن مِهران بن خالد الأصبهاني، حدثنا عُبيد الله بن موسى، أخبرنا إسرائيل، عن أبي إسحاق، عن أبي بُرْدة، عن أبي موسى قال: أمَرَنا رسول الله ﷺ أن ننطلقَ إلى أرض النَّجَاشي، فبلغ ذلك قريشًا، فبَعَثوا إلى عمرو بن العاص وعُمارة بن الوليد وجمعوا للنَّجاشي هدايا، فقَدِمْنا، وقَدِما على النَّجاشي، فأَتَوه بهديَّته فقَبِلَها وسجدوا له، ثم قال له عمرو بن العاص: إنَّ قومًا منا رَغِبُوا عن ديننا وهم في أرضك، فقال لهم النجاشي: في أرضي؟! قالا: نعم، قال: فبعث إلينا، فقال لنا جعفر: لا يتكلَّم منكم أحد، أنا خطيبُكم اليومَ. فانتهينا إلى النجاشي وهو جالسٌ في مَجلسِه، وعمرُو بن العاص عن يمينه نه وعمارةُ عن يساره والقِسِّيسون من الرُّهبان جلوسٌ سِماطَين، فقال له عمرو وعمارة: إنهم لا يَسجُدون لك، فلما انتهَينا إليه زَبَرَنا من عندَه من القِسِّيسين والرُّهبان: اسجُدوا للملك، فقال جعفر: لا نسجدُ إلَّا لله، فقال له النجاشي: وما ذاك؟ قال: إنَّ الله بَعَثَ فينا رسولَه، وهو الرسول الذي بَشَّرَ به عيسي ﴿بِرَسُولٍ يَأْتِي مِنْ بَعْدِي اسْمُهُ أَحْمَدُ﴾، فأمَرَنا أن نَعْبُدَ الله ولا نُشرِكَ به شيئًا، ونُقِيمَ الصلاة ونُؤتيَ الزكاة، وأمرنا بالمعروف ونهانا عن المنكَر، قال: فأَعجَبَ الناسَ قولُه، فلما رأى ذلك عمرٌو، قال له: أصلَحَ اللهُ الملكَ، إنهم يخالفونك في عيسى ابن مريم، فقال النجاشي لجعفر: ما يقول صاحبُك في ابن مريم؟ قال: يقول فيه قولَ الله: هو رُوحُ الله، وكلمتُه، أخرجه من البَتُول العذراء لم يَقرَبْها بشرٌ، قال: فتناول النجاشيُّ عودًا من الأرض فرفعه فقال: يا معشرَ القِسِّيسينَ والرُّهبان، ما يزيدُ هؤلاء على ما تقولون في ابن مريم ما يَزِنُ هذه، مرحبًا بكم، وبمن جئتم من عندِه، فأنا أشهدُ أنه رسول الله، وأنه الذي بَشَّر به عيسى ابنُ مريم، ولولا ما أنا فيه من المُلْك لأتيتُه حتى أَحمِلَ نَعلَيهِ، امكُثوا في أرضى ما شئتم، وأَمر لهم بطعام وكِسْوة، وقال: رُدُّوا على هذَينِ هديَّتَهم (1).
هذا حديث صحيح على شرط الشيخين، ولم يُخرجاه، وإنما أخرجته في هذا الموضع اقتداءً بشيخنا أبي يحيى الخفَّاف (2)، فإنه خرَّجه في قوله ﷿: ﴿لَنْ يَسْتَنْكِفَ الْمَسِيحُ أَنْ يَكُونَ عَبْدًا لِلَّهِ﴾ [النساء: 172].
[التعليق - من تلخيص الذهبي] ترقيم العلميه 3208 - على شرط البخاري ومسلم
هذا حديث صحيح على شرط الشيخين، ولم يُخرجاه، وإنما أخرجته في هذا الموضع اقتداءً بشيخنا أبي يحيى الخفَّاف (2)، فإنه خرَّجه في قوله ﷿: ﴿لَنْ يَسْتَنْكِفَ الْمَسِيحُ أَنْ يَكُونَ عَبْدًا لِلَّهِ﴾ [النساء: 172].
[التعليق - من تلخيص الذهبي] ترقيم العلميه 3208 - على شرط البخاري ومسلم
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Musa al-Ash'ari (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) commanded us to set out for the land of the Negus (Abyssinia). This news reached Quraysh, so they sent Amr bin al-As and Umarah bin al-Walid with gifts for the Negus. We arrived, and those two also arrived before the Negus. They presented the gift to the Negus, which he accepted, and they prostrated to him. Then Amr bin al-As said to him: "Some people from among us have abandoned our religion and they are residing in your land." The Negus asked: "In my land?" They said: "Yes." So he sent for us. Sayyiduna Ja'far (may Allah be pleased with him) said to us: "None of you should speak; today I will be your spokesman." We came to the Negus while he was sitting in his court, with Amr bin al-As on his right and Umarah on his left, and the priests and monks were sitting in two rows. Amr and Umarah said to him: "These people do not prostrate to you." When we reached him, the priests and monks who were present rebuked us, saying: "Prostrate to the king!" Sayyiduna Ja'far (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "We do not prostrate to anyone except Allah." The Negus asked: "What is this about?" He said: "Indeed, Allah has sent among us His Messenger, and he is the very Messenger whose glad tidings Isa (peace be upon him) gave: 'of a Messenger who will come after me, whose name is Ahmad (peace and blessings be upon him)'. He commanded us to worship Allah and not associate anything with Him, to establish the prayer and to give the zakah, and he commanded us to do good and forbade us from evil." The narrator said: The people were greatly pleased with his words. When Amr saw this, he said to the king: "May Allah set the king right! These people oppose you regarding Isa bin Maryam." The Negus asked Sayyiduna Ja'far (may Allah be pleased with him): "What does your companion (the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him)) say about the son of Maryam?" He said: "He says about him what Allah has said: he is the spirit of Allah and His word, whom Allah brought forth from the chaste virgin (the pure Maryam (peace be upon her)) whom no human being had touched." The narrator said: The Negus picked up a twig from the ground, raised it and said: "O assembly of priests and monks! What these people say about the son of Maryam does not exceed what you say by even the weight of this twig. Welcome to you all, and to the one from whom you have come. I bear witness that he is the Messenger of Allah and that he is the one whose glad tidings Isa bin Maryam gave. Were it not for this kingship (that binds me), I would certainly go to him so that I could carry his sandals. Stay in my land as long as you wish." He ordered food and clothing for them and said: "Return the gifts of these two to them."
This hadith is sahih (authentic) on the condition of the two Shaykhs (Bukhari and Muslim), but they did not record it. I have mentioned it here following our Shaykh Abu Yahya al-Khaffaf, for he recorded it in the explanation of this saying of Allah, the Mighty and Majestic: "The Messiah (peace be upon him) would never disdain to be a servant of Allah" [Surah an-Nisa: 172].
This hadith is sahih (authentic) on the condition of the two Shaykhs (Bukhari and Muslim), but they did not record it. I have mentioned it here following our Shaykh Abu Yahya al-Khaffaf, for he recorded it in the explanation of this saying of Allah, the Mighty and Majestic: "The Messiah (peace be upon him) would never disdain to be a servant of Allah" [Surah an-Nisa: 172].
أخبرني الشيخ الفقيه أبو الوليد، حدثنا الحسن بن سفيان، حدثنا إسحاق بن إبراهيم وفيَّاض بن زهير قالا: حدثنا عبد الرزاق، أخبرنا مَعمَر، عن الزُّهري، عن أبي سَلَمة بن عبد الرحمن قال: جاء ابنَ عبَّاس رجلٌ فقال: رجل تُوفِّي وترك ابنتَه وأختَه لأبيه وأمه، فقال: للابنة النصفُ وليس للأخت شيءٌ، ما بقي فهو لعَصَبَته، فقال له رجل: فإنَّ عمر بن الخطَّاب قد قَضَى بغير ذلك: جعل للابنة النصفَ وللأخت النصفَ، فقال ابن عبَّاس: أنتم أعلمُ أم الله؟ قال مَعمَر: فلم أدْرِ ما وجهُ ذلك حتى لَقِيتُ ابنَ طاووس، فذكرتُ له حديث الزهري، فقال: أخبرني أَبي: أنه سمع ابنَ عبَّاس يقول: قال الله: ﴿إِنِ امْرُؤٌ هَلَكَ لَيْسَ لَهُ وَلَدٌ وَلَهُ أُخْتٌ فَلَهَا نِصْفُ مَا تَرَكَ﴾ [النساء: 176]، قال ابن عبَّاس: فقلتم أنتم: لها النصفُ وإن كان له ولدٌ! (1)
هذا حديث صحيح على شرط الشيخين، ولم يُخرجاه. [5 - سورة المائدة] ﷽
[التعليق - من تلخيص الذهبي] ترقيم العلميه 3209 - على شرط البخاري ومسلم
هذا حديث صحيح على شرط الشيخين، ولم يُخرجاه. [5 - سورة المائدة] ﷽
[التعليق - من تلخيص الذهبي] ترقيم العلميه 3209 - على شرط البخاري ومسلم
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) that a man came to him and said: "A man has died and left behind a daughter and a full sister (from both father and mother)?" He said: "The daughter gets half and the sister gets nothing; whatever remains belongs to his (other) agnatic heirs ('asabah)." Upon this a man said to him: "But Sayyiduna Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) judged otherwise: he gave half to the daughter and half to the sister." Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) said: "Do you know better, or Allah?" Ma'mar said: I did not understand the reason for this until I met Ibn Tawus. I mentioned this hadith of al-Zuhri to him, and he said: My father informed me that he heard Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) say that Allah Almighty has said: "If a man dies having no child and he has a sister, then she gets half of what he left" [Surah an-Nisa: 176]. Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) said: "Yet you people say that she (the sister) gets half even if he (the deceased) has a child!"
This hadith is sahih (authentic) on the condition of the two Shaykhs (Bukhari and Muslim), but they did not record it.
This hadith is sahih (authentic) on the condition of the two Shaykhs (Bukhari and Muslim), but they did not record it.
