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مستدرکِ حاکم
Mustadrak al-Hakim
كتاب الأدب
Book of Manners
النَّهْيُ عَنْ تَعَاطِي السَّيْفِ مَسْلُولًا .
Prohibition of handing over an unsheathed sword
Mustadrak al-Hakim — Hadith 7980
اُردوEn
حدَّثَناه أبو العباس محمد بن يعقوب، حدثنا الربيع بن سليمان، حدثنا الخَصِيب بن ناصح، حدثنا المُبارك بن فَضَالة، عن الحسن، عن أبي بَكْرة قال: مرَّ رسول الله ﷺ على قوم يتعاطون سيفًا مسلولًا، فقال رسول الله ﷺ: "لَعَنَ اللهُ من فعلَ هذا، أوَليسَ قد نَهيتُ عن هذا؟ إذا سلَّ أحدكم سيفًا ينظرُ إليه فأراد أن يناولَه أخاه فليُغمِدْه، ثم يُناوِلْه إياه" (1).
هذا حديث صحيح الإسناد، ولم يُخرجاه.
[التعليق - من تلخيص الذهبي] ترقيم العلميه 7786 - صحيح
هذا حديث صحيح الإسناد، ولم يُخرجاه.
[التعليق - من تلخيص الذهبي] ترقيم العلميه 7786 - صحيح
Sayyiduna Abu Bakrah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) passed by some people who were handing a naked sword to one another. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "May Allah curse whoever does this! Did I not forbid this? When one of you draws a sword out of its sheath to look at it and then wants to hand it to his brother, let him first put it back in its sheath and then hand it to him."
This hadith has a sahih (authentic) chain, but the two Shaykhs (Bukhari and Muslim) did not record it.
This hadith has a sahih (authentic) chain, but the two Shaykhs (Bukhari and Muslim) did not record it.
Explanation & Benefits
Shaykh Adil Murshid et al.
(1) صحيح لغيره دون جملة اللعن، وهذا إسناد رجاله لا بأس بهم، لكن المباركَ بن فضالة في حفظه لِين، وقد خالفه جمعٌ من الثقات فرووه عن الحسن مرسلًا، وهو الأصحُّ. وقد صرَّح كلٌّ من فضالة والحسن - وهو البصري - بالتحديث عند أحمد، فزالت شبهة التدليس.
Grading: Apart from the sentence about cursing, this hadith is "sahih li-ghayrihi".
Technical note / Defect ('illah): There is no harm in the narrators of this chain, but Mubarak bin Fadalah has some weakness ("lin") in his memory. A group of thiqah narrators contradicted him and narrated it from al-Hasan al-Basri as "mursal", and that is more correct.
Note / Clarification: In the narration of Musnad Ahmad both Mubarak bin Fadalah and al-Hasan al-Basri explicitly stated that they heard it, which removes the suspicion of tadlis.
وأخرجه ابن أبي شيبة 8/ 582 و 583 من طريق عاصم الأحول ومحمد بن المنكدر وعلي بن زيد بن جُدعان، وأحمد (23 / (14885) من طريق حميد الطويل، أربعتهم عن الحسن، مرسلًا. وليس عندهم ذكر اللعن إلَّا عند ابن جُدعان، وهو ضعيف. وكذلك في حديث جابر السابق الصحيح ليس فيه ذكرُ اللعن.
Reference / Source: Ibn Abi Shaybah (8/ 582, 583) narrated it by the routes of Asim al-Ahwal, Muhammad bin al-Munkadir and Ali bin Zayd bin Jud'an, and Imam Ahmad (23/ 14885) by the route of Humayd al-Tawil; all four narrate it from al-Hasan al-Basri as mursal.
Technical note / Defect ('illah): None of their narrations mentions the curse except that of Ibn Jud'an, who is a weak narrator. Also, the previous sahih hadith of Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) does not mention the curse either.
ولعلّ ذكر اللعن أنسب في مثل ما رواه البزار في "مسنده" (3641) من طريق سويد بن إبراهيم، عن قتادة، عن الحسن، عن أبي بكرة، أنَّ رسول الله ﷺ قال: "إذا شَهَرَ المسلمُ على أخيه سلاحًا فلا تزال ملائكة الله تلعنه حتى يَشِيمه عنه"، وهذا وإن كان فيه سويد بن إبراهيم - وهو ضعيف - لكن له شاهد صحيح من حديث أبي هريرة عند مسلم (2616).
Note / Clarification: The mention of the curse is perhaps more fitting in narrations like the one al-Bazzar narrated in his Musnad (3641) by the route of Suwayd bin Ibrahim from Qatadah from al-Hasan from Abu Bakrah, that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "When a Muslim draws a weapon against his brother, the angels keep cursing him until he sheathes it."
Corroborating chains and supporting reports: Although Suwayd bin Ibrahim in this chain is weak, the hadith of Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) in Sahih Muslim (2616) is a sahih shahid for it.
Grading: Apart from the sentence about cursing, this hadith is "sahih li-ghayrihi".
Technical note / Defect ('illah): There is no harm in the narrators of this chain, but Mubarak bin Fadalah has some weakness ("lin") in his memory. A group of thiqah narrators contradicted him and narrated it from al-Hasan al-Basri as "mursal", and that is more correct.
Note / Clarification: In the narration of Musnad Ahmad both Mubarak bin Fadalah and al-Hasan al-Basri explicitly stated that they heard it, which removes the suspicion of tadlis.
وأخرجه ابن أبي شيبة 8/ 582 و 583 من طريق عاصم الأحول ومحمد بن المنكدر وعلي بن زيد بن جُدعان، وأحمد (23 / (14885) من طريق حميد الطويل، أربعتهم عن الحسن، مرسلًا. وليس عندهم ذكر اللعن إلَّا عند ابن جُدعان، وهو ضعيف. وكذلك في حديث جابر السابق الصحيح ليس فيه ذكرُ اللعن.
Reference / Source: Ibn Abi Shaybah (8/ 582, 583) narrated it by the routes of Asim al-Ahwal, Muhammad bin al-Munkadir and Ali bin Zayd bin Jud'an, and Imam Ahmad (23/ 14885) by the route of Humayd al-Tawil; all four narrate it from al-Hasan al-Basri as mursal.
Technical note / Defect ('illah): None of their narrations mentions the curse except that of Ibn Jud'an, who is a weak narrator. Also, the previous sahih hadith of Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) does not mention the curse either.
ولعلّ ذكر اللعن أنسب في مثل ما رواه البزار في "مسنده" (3641) من طريق سويد بن إبراهيم، عن قتادة، عن الحسن، عن أبي بكرة، أنَّ رسول الله ﷺ قال: "إذا شَهَرَ المسلمُ على أخيه سلاحًا فلا تزال ملائكة الله تلعنه حتى يَشِيمه عنه"، وهذا وإن كان فيه سويد بن إبراهيم - وهو ضعيف - لكن له شاهد صحيح من حديث أبي هريرة عند مسلم (2616).
Note / Clarification: The mention of the curse is perhaps more fitting in narrations like the one al-Bazzar narrated in his Musnad (3641) by the route of Suwayd bin Ibrahim from Qatadah from al-Hasan from Abu Bakrah, that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "When a Muslim draws a weapon against his brother, the angels keep cursing him until he sheathes it."
Corroborating chains and supporting reports: Although Suwayd bin Ibrahim in this chain is weak, the hadith of Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) in Sahih Muslim (2616) is a sahih shahid for it.
Source: Al-Mustadrak ala al-Sahihayn (Takhrij & Tahqiq: Shaykh Adil Murshid et al.), Page: 7980
