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مستدرکِ حاکم
Mustadrak al-Hakim
كتاب الأدب
Book of Manners
تَشْمِيتُ الْعَاطِسِ إِذَا حَمِدَ اللَّهَ .
Responding to one who sneezes when he praises Allah
Mustadrak al-Hakim — Hadith 7885
اُردوEn
فحدَّثَناه أبو العباس محمد بن يعقوب، حَدَّثَنَا إبراهيم بن مرزوق البصري بمصر، حَدَّثَنَا سعيد بن عامر، حَدَّثَنَا شُعبة، عن محمد بن عبد الرحمن بن أبي ليلى، عن أخيه (2) عيسى، عن أبيه عبد الرحمن بن أبي ليلى، عن أبي أيوب الأنصاري، أنَّ رسولَ الله ﷺ قال: "العاطسُ يقولُ: الحمدُ الله على كلِّ حال، ويقول الذي يُشمِّتُه: يَرحمُكمُ الله، ويردُّ عليه: يَهديكم الله ويُصلِحُ بالَكم" (3). هذا من أَوهام محمد بن عبد الرحمن بن أبي ليلى الفقيه الأنصاري القاضي ﵀، فلولا ما ظَهَرَ من هذه الأوهام لما نسبه أئمةُ الحديث إلى سوء الحفظ، وبيانُ ما ذكرته:
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Ayyub al-Ansari (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The one who sneezes should say: 'Alhamdu lillahi ala kulli hal' (All praise is for Allah in every state); the one who responds to him should say: 'Yarhamukumullah' (May Allah have mercy on you); and he (the sneezer) should say to him in reply: 'Yahdikumullahu wa yuslihu balakum' (May Allah guide you and set your affairs right)."
This hadith is among the errors (awham) of Muhammad bin Abd al-Rahman bin Abi Layla, the Ansari jurist and judge (may Allah have mercy on him). Had these errors not appeared, the imams of hadith would not have attributed poor memory to him. The explanation of what I have mentioned is in the next narration.
This hadith is among the errors (awham) of Muhammad bin Abd al-Rahman bin Abi Layla, the Ansari jurist and judge (may Allah have mercy on him). Had these errors not appeared, the imams of hadith would not have attributed poor memory to him. The explanation of what I have mentioned is in the next narration.
Explanation & Benefits
Shaykh Adil Murshid et al.
(2) أُقحم هنا بين "أخيه وعيسى" في النسخ: عن.
Technical note / Defect ('illah): In the manuscripts, the word "'an" (from) had been mistakenly inserted here between "akhihi" and "'Isa" (which has been removed during correction).
(3) صحيح لغيره، وهذا إسناد ضعيف لسوء حفظ محمد بن عبد الرحمن بن أبي ليلى، وكان يضطرب في رواية هذا الحديث فيجعله مرة عن أبي أيوب ويجعله أخرى عن علي كما أشار المصنّف عقبه. وانظر "علل الدارقطني" (403).
Grading: This hadith is "sahih li-ghayrihi", but this particular chain of it is "da'if" (weak) because of the poor memory of Muhammad bin 'Abd al-Rahman bin Abi Layla.
Technical note / Defect ('illah): Ibn Abi Layla suffered from "idtirab" (inconsistency) in narrating this hadith; sometimes he would narrate it from Abu Ayyub al-Ansari and sometimes from 'Ali (may Allah be pleased with him), as the author indicated afterwards. For further details, see "'Ilal al-Daraqutni" (403).
وأخرجه النسائي (9970) عن محمد بن بشار، عن سعيد بن عامر، بهذا الإسناد.
Reference / Source: Imam al-Nasa'i (9970) narrated it through the route of Muhammad bin Bashshar, from Sa'id bin 'Amir, with this same chain.
وأخرجه أحمد (38/ 23557) و (23587) و (23588)، والترمذي (2741) من طرق عن شعبة، به. وقال الترمذي: هكذا روى شعبة هذا الحديث عن ابن أبي ليلى عن أبي أيوب عن النَّبِيّ ﷺ، وكان ابن أبي ليلى يضطرب في هذا الحديث، يقول أحيانًا: عن أبي أيوب عن النَّبِيّ ﷺ، ويقول أحيانًا: عن علي عن النَّبِيّ ﷺ. قلنا: سيورد المصنّف حديث علي في الحديث التالي.
Reference / Source: It was narrated by Imam Ahmad (38/ 23557, 23587, 23588) and Imam al-Tirmidhi (2741) through various routes from Shu'bah.
Technical note / Defect ('illah): Imam al-Tirmidhi says that Shu'bah narrated it in this way with the chain Ibn Abi Layla from Abu Ayyub, but Ibn Abi Layla was inconsistent (mudtarib) in it, sometimes naming Abu Ayyub and sometimes 'Ali.
Note / Clarification: The author will mention the narration of 'Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) in the very next hadith.
ويشهد له حديث أبي هريرة عند البخاري (6224) وغيره.
Corroborating chains and supporting reports: This narration is supported (shahid) by the hadith of Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) found with Imam al-Bukhari (6224) and other hadith scholars.
Technical note / Defect ('illah): In the manuscripts, the word "'an" (from) had been mistakenly inserted here between "akhihi" and "'Isa" (which has been removed during correction).
(3) صحيح لغيره، وهذا إسناد ضعيف لسوء حفظ محمد بن عبد الرحمن بن أبي ليلى، وكان يضطرب في رواية هذا الحديث فيجعله مرة عن أبي أيوب ويجعله أخرى عن علي كما أشار المصنّف عقبه. وانظر "علل الدارقطني" (403).
Grading: This hadith is "sahih li-ghayrihi", but this particular chain of it is "da'if" (weak) because of the poor memory of Muhammad bin 'Abd al-Rahman bin Abi Layla.
Technical note / Defect ('illah): Ibn Abi Layla suffered from "idtirab" (inconsistency) in narrating this hadith; sometimes he would narrate it from Abu Ayyub al-Ansari and sometimes from 'Ali (may Allah be pleased with him), as the author indicated afterwards. For further details, see "'Ilal al-Daraqutni" (403).
وأخرجه النسائي (9970) عن محمد بن بشار، عن سعيد بن عامر، بهذا الإسناد.
Reference / Source: Imam al-Nasa'i (9970) narrated it through the route of Muhammad bin Bashshar, from Sa'id bin 'Amir, with this same chain.
وأخرجه أحمد (38/ 23557) و (23587) و (23588)، والترمذي (2741) من طرق عن شعبة، به. وقال الترمذي: هكذا روى شعبة هذا الحديث عن ابن أبي ليلى عن أبي أيوب عن النَّبِيّ ﷺ، وكان ابن أبي ليلى يضطرب في هذا الحديث، يقول أحيانًا: عن أبي أيوب عن النَّبِيّ ﷺ، ويقول أحيانًا: عن علي عن النَّبِيّ ﷺ. قلنا: سيورد المصنّف حديث علي في الحديث التالي.
Reference / Source: It was narrated by Imam Ahmad (38/ 23557, 23587, 23588) and Imam al-Tirmidhi (2741) through various routes from Shu'bah.
Technical note / Defect ('illah): Imam al-Tirmidhi says that Shu'bah narrated it in this way with the chain Ibn Abi Layla from Abu Ayyub, but Ibn Abi Layla was inconsistent (mudtarib) in it, sometimes naming Abu Ayyub and sometimes 'Ali.
Note / Clarification: The author will mention the narration of 'Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) in the very next hadith.
ويشهد له حديث أبي هريرة عند البخاري (6224) وغيره.
Corroborating chains and supporting reports: This narration is supported (shahid) by the hadith of Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) found with Imam al-Bukhari (6224) and other hadith scholars.
Source: Al-Mustadrak ala al-Sahihayn (Takhrij & Tahqiq: Shaykh Adil Murshid et al.), Page: 7885
