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مستدرکِ حاکم
Mustadrak al-Hakim
كتاب معرفة الصحابة رضي الله تعالى عنهم
Book of Knowing the Companions (may Allah be pleased with them)
مَا أَسْكَرَ كَثِيرُهُ فَقَلِيلُهُ حَرَامٌ
Whatever intoxicates in large amounts, a small amount of it is also forbidden
Mustadrak al-Hakim — Hadith 5856
اُردوEn
حدثنا أبو سعيد أحمد بن يعقوب الثَّقفي، حدثنا موسى بن زكريا، حدثنا خَليفة بن خيّاط، حدثنا عبد الله بن إسحاق بن صالح بن خَوّات بن جُبير، قال: حدثني أبي، عن أبيه، عن جده خَوّات بن جبير، عن النبي ﷺ قال: "ما أسكَرَ كثيرُه فقليلُه حرامٌ" (2).
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Khawwat bin Jubayr (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whatever intoxicates in a large quantity, a small quantity of it is also unlawful."
Explanation & Benefits
Shaykh Adil Murshid et al.
(2) إسناده ضعيف جدًّا من أجل موسى بن زكريا - وهو التُستَري - فهو وإن كان راويةً لكتابَي خليفة بن خيّاط "الطبقات" و "التاريخ"، متروك الحديث إذا أسند حديثًا، وقد أخطأ في إسناد هذا الحديث خطأً فاحشًا في موضعين منه، فقد أخرجه الطبرانيُّ في "الكبير" (4149)، وفي "الأوسط" (1616) عن أبي جعفر أحمد بن الحسين بن نصر البغدادي، وأبو نعيم في "معرفة الصحابة" (2514) من طريق أبي العباس محمد بن إسحاق السّرّاج، كلاهما عن خليفة بن خياط شَبَاب العُصفُري، عن عبد الله بن إسحاق بن الفضل بن عبد الرحمن بن العباس بن ربيعة بن الحارث بن عبد المطّلب الهاشمي، عن أبيه، عن صالح بن خَوّات بن صالح بن خَوّات بن جبير، عن أبيه، عن جدّه، عن خوّات، فهذا هو المعروف في إسناد هذا الخبر. لكن لم يذكر السَّرّاج في روايته إسحاق بن الفضل الهاشمي، والد عبد الله، والصحيح ذكره.
Grading: Its chain is very weak (da'if jiddan).
Technical note / Defect ('illah): The reason is Musa bin Zakariyya al-Tustari; although he is the transmitter of Khalifah bin Khayyat's books "al-Tabaqat" and "al-Tarikh", when he narrates a hadith with a full chain he is "matruk al-hadith". He made a gross error in two places in the chain of this hadith. Thus al-Tabarani narrated it in "al-Mu'jam al-Kabir" (4149) and "al-Awsat" (1616) from Abu Ja'far Ahmad bin al-Husayn bin Nasr al-Baghdadi, and Abu Nu'aym in "Ma'rifat al-Sahabah" (2514) via Abu al-Abbas Muhammad bin Ishaq al-Sarraj; both of them from Khalifah bin Khayyat (Shabab al-Usfuri), from Abdullah bin Ishaq bin al-Fadl bin Abd al-Rahman bin al-Abbas bin Rabi'ah bin al-Harith bin Abd al-Muttalib al-Hashimi, from his father, from Salih bin Khawwat bin Salih bin Khawwat bin Jubayr, from his father, from his grandfather, from Khawwat. This is the known chain of this report. But al-Sarraj did not mention Abdullah's father "Ishaq bin al-Fadl al-Hashimi" in his narration, while the correct version mentions him.
فقد أخرجه العقيلي في "الضعفاء" (723)، والدارقطني في "السنن" (4654) وأبو نعيم في "المعرفة" (2514) من طريق محمد بن يحيى القُطَعي، وأبو أحمد الحاكم في "الأسامي والكنى" 5/ 164 من طريق مكيّ بن مردك، كلاهما عن عبد الله بن إسحاق بن الفضل بن عبد الرحمن الهاشمي، عن أبيه، عن صالح بن خَوّات بن صالح بن خوّات بن جُبير، عن أبيه، عن جده، عن خوَّات.
Reference / Source: Thus al-Uqayli narrated it in "al-Du'afa'" (723), al-Daraqutni in "al-Sunan" (4654) and Abu Nu'aym in "al-Ma'rifah" (2514) via Muhammad bin Yahya al-Qut'i; and Abu Ahmad al-Hakim in "al-Asami wa al-Kuna" (5/ 164) via Makki bin Mardak. Both of them narrate from Abdullah bin Ishaq bin al-Fadl bin Abd al-Rahman al-Hashimi, from his father, from Salih bin Khawwat bin Salih bin Khawwat bin Jubayr, from his father, from his grandfather, from Khawwat.
وعبد الله بن إسحاق الهاشمي هذا لا يتابع على حديثه فيما قاله العقيلي وأقره الذهبي في ديوان الضعفاء" (2118) وفي "الميزان"، وقصدهم أنه لا يتابع عليه بهذا الإسناد.
Important point: Concerning Abdullah bin Ishaq al-Hashimi, al-Uqayli said that "he is not corroborated in his hadith", and al-Dhahabi upheld this in "Diwan al-Du'afa'" (2118) and "al-Mizan". What they mean is that he is not corroborated with this chain.
والحديث صحيح من حديث جابر بن عبد الله عند أحمد 23/ (14703)، وأبي داود (3681)، وابن ماجه (3393)، والترمذي، (1865)، وابن حبان (5382)، وقال الترمذي: حديث حسن غريب.
Grading: This hadith is established as sahih through the narration of Jabir bin Abdullah, which is in Ahmad (23/ 14703), Abu Dawud (3681), Ibn Majah (3393), al-Tirmidhi (1865) and Ibn Hibban (5382). Al-Tirmidhi said: This hadith is "hasan gharib".
وحديث عبد الله بن عمر بن الخطاب عند أحمد 9/ (5648)، وابن ماجه (3392)، وهو حديث قويّ.
Corroborating chains and supporting reports: And also through the hadith of Abdullah bin Umar bin al-Khattab, which is in Ahmad (9/ 5648) and Ibn Majah (3392), and this hadith is "strong" (qawi).
وحديث عبد الله بن عمرو بن العاص عند أحمد 11/ (6558)، وابن ماجه (3394)، والنسائي (5097)، وإسناده حسن.
Corroborating chains and supporting reports: And through the hadith of Abdullah bin Amr bin al-As, which is in Ahmad (11/ 6558), Ibn Majah (3394) and al-Nasa'i (5097), and its chain is "hasan".
وحديث أنس بن مالك عند أحمد 19/ (12099)، وإسناده صحيح.
Corroborating chains and supporting reports: And through the hadith of Anas bin Malik, which is in Ahmad (19/ 12099), and its chain is "sahih".
وحديث سعد بن أبي وقاص عند النسائي (5098)، وابن حبان (5370) وإسناده قوي.
Corroborating chains and supporting reports: And through the hadith of Sa'd bin Abi Waqqas, which is in al-Nasa'i (5098) and Ibn Hibban (5370), and its chain is "strong" (qawi).
وحديث عائشة عند أحمد 40/ (24423)، وأبي داود (3687)، والترمذي (1866)، وابن حبان (5383)، وإسناده صحيح، ولفظه: "ما أسكر منه الفَرَقُ، فمِلءُ الكفِّ منه حرام".
Corroborating chains and supporting reports: And through the hadith of A'ishah (may Allah be pleased with her), which is in Ahmad (40/ 24423), Abu Dawud (3687), al-Tirmidhi (1866) and Ibn Hibban (5383), and its chain is "sahih". Its wording is: "Whatever (drink) intoxicates in the amount of a 'faraq' (a large measure), a handful of it is also haram."
Grading: Its chain is very weak (da'if jiddan).
Technical note / Defect ('illah): The reason is Musa bin Zakariyya al-Tustari; although he is the transmitter of Khalifah bin Khayyat's books "al-Tabaqat" and "al-Tarikh", when he narrates a hadith with a full chain he is "matruk al-hadith". He made a gross error in two places in the chain of this hadith. Thus al-Tabarani narrated it in "al-Mu'jam al-Kabir" (4149) and "al-Awsat" (1616) from Abu Ja'far Ahmad bin al-Husayn bin Nasr al-Baghdadi, and Abu Nu'aym in "Ma'rifat al-Sahabah" (2514) via Abu al-Abbas Muhammad bin Ishaq al-Sarraj; both of them from Khalifah bin Khayyat (Shabab al-Usfuri), from Abdullah bin Ishaq bin al-Fadl bin Abd al-Rahman bin al-Abbas bin Rabi'ah bin al-Harith bin Abd al-Muttalib al-Hashimi, from his father, from Salih bin Khawwat bin Salih bin Khawwat bin Jubayr, from his father, from his grandfather, from Khawwat. This is the known chain of this report. But al-Sarraj did not mention Abdullah's father "Ishaq bin al-Fadl al-Hashimi" in his narration, while the correct version mentions him.
فقد أخرجه العقيلي في "الضعفاء" (723)، والدارقطني في "السنن" (4654) وأبو نعيم في "المعرفة" (2514) من طريق محمد بن يحيى القُطَعي، وأبو أحمد الحاكم في "الأسامي والكنى" 5/ 164 من طريق مكيّ بن مردك، كلاهما عن عبد الله بن إسحاق بن الفضل بن عبد الرحمن الهاشمي، عن أبيه، عن صالح بن خَوّات بن صالح بن خوّات بن جُبير، عن أبيه، عن جده، عن خوَّات.
Reference / Source: Thus al-Uqayli narrated it in "al-Du'afa'" (723), al-Daraqutni in "al-Sunan" (4654) and Abu Nu'aym in "al-Ma'rifah" (2514) via Muhammad bin Yahya al-Qut'i; and Abu Ahmad al-Hakim in "al-Asami wa al-Kuna" (5/ 164) via Makki bin Mardak. Both of them narrate from Abdullah bin Ishaq bin al-Fadl bin Abd al-Rahman al-Hashimi, from his father, from Salih bin Khawwat bin Salih bin Khawwat bin Jubayr, from his father, from his grandfather, from Khawwat.
وعبد الله بن إسحاق الهاشمي هذا لا يتابع على حديثه فيما قاله العقيلي وأقره الذهبي في ديوان الضعفاء" (2118) وفي "الميزان"، وقصدهم أنه لا يتابع عليه بهذا الإسناد.
Important point: Concerning Abdullah bin Ishaq al-Hashimi, al-Uqayli said that "he is not corroborated in his hadith", and al-Dhahabi upheld this in "Diwan al-Du'afa'" (2118) and "al-Mizan". What they mean is that he is not corroborated with this chain.
والحديث صحيح من حديث جابر بن عبد الله عند أحمد 23/ (14703)، وأبي داود (3681)، وابن ماجه (3393)، والترمذي، (1865)، وابن حبان (5382)، وقال الترمذي: حديث حسن غريب.
Grading: This hadith is established as sahih through the narration of Jabir bin Abdullah, which is in Ahmad (23/ 14703), Abu Dawud (3681), Ibn Majah (3393), al-Tirmidhi (1865) and Ibn Hibban (5382). Al-Tirmidhi said: This hadith is "hasan gharib".
وحديث عبد الله بن عمر بن الخطاب عند أحمد 9/ (5648)، وابن ماجه (3392)، وهو حديث قويّ.
Corroborating chains and supporting reports: And also through the hadith of Abdullah bin Umar bin al-Khattab, which is in Ahmad (9/ 5648) and Ibn Majah (3392), and this hadith is "strong" (qawi).
وحديث عبد الله بن عمرو بن العاص عند أحمد 11/ (6558)، وابن ماجه (3394)، والنسائي (5097)، وإسناده حسن.
Corroborating chains and supporting reports: And through the hadith of Abdullah bin Amr bin al-As, which is in Ahmad (11/ 6558), Ibn Majah (3394) and al-Nasa'i (5097), and its chain is "hasan".
وحديث أنس بن مالك عند أحمد 19/ (12099)، وإسناده صحيح.
Corroborating chains and supporting reports: And through the hadith of Anas bin Malik, which is in Ahmad (19/ 12099), and its chain is "sahih".
وحديث سعد بن أبي وقاص عند النسائي (5098)، وابن حبان (5370) وإسناده قوي.
Corroborating chains and supporting reports: And through the hadith of Sa'd bin Abi Waqqas, which is in al-Nasa'i (5098) and Ibn Hibban (5370), and its chain is "strong" (qawi).
وحديث عائشة عند أحمد 40/ (24423)، وأبي داود (3687)، والترمذي (1866)، وابن حبان (5383)، وإسناده صحيح، ولفظه: "ما أسكر منه الفَرَقُ، فمِلءُ الكفِّ منه حرام".
Corroborating chains and supporting reports: And through the hadith of A'ishah (may Allah be pleased with her), which is in Ahmad (40/ 24423), Abu Dawud (3687), al-Tirmidhi (1866) and Ibn Hibban (5383), and its chain is "sahih". Its wording is: "Whatever (drink) intoxicates in the amount of a 'faraq' (a large measure), a handful of it is also haram."
Source: Al-Mustadrak ala al-Sahihayn (Takhrij & Tahqiq: Shaykh Adil Murshid et al.), Page: 5856
