Toggle above to switch between keyword search and direct hadith lookup
مستدرکِ حاکم
Mustadrak al-Hakim
كتاب معرفة الصحابة رضي الله تعالى عنهم
Book of Knowing the Companions (may Allah be pleased with them)
ذِكْرُ مَرَضِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَوَفَاتِهِ وَدَفْنِهِ
Mention of the illness, death and burial of Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him)
Mustadrak al-Hakim — Hadith 4457
اُردوEn
حدثنا أبو عبد الله الأصبهاني، حدثنا محمد بن عبد الله بن رُسْتَهْ، حدثنا أبو أيوب سليمان بن داود المِنقَري، حدثنا محمد بن عمر، حدثنا محمد بن عبد الله ابن أخي الزُّهْري، عن الزُّهْري عن عُرْوة، عن عائشة، قالت: تُوفِّي أبو بكر ليلةَ الثلاثاء لثمانٍ بَقِين من جُمادى الأولى سنة ثلاثَ عشرةَ، وهو يومئذٍ ابن ثلاثٍ وستين، وكان مرضُه خمسة عشر يومًا، وكان سببُ مرضِه أنه اغتسل في يوم باردٍ فحُمَّ خمسةَ عشرَ ليلةً، لم يخرج إلى الصلاة، فكان عمرُ يُصلّي بالناس، وهو في داره التي قَطَعَ له رسولُ الله ﷺ وِجاهَ دار عثمان اليومَ، وأَوصى أن تُغسِّله أسماءُ بنت عُمَيس امرأتُه، وإنها ضَعُفت فاستعانت بعبد الرحمن، وكُفِّن في ثوبين أحدُهما غَسِيلٌ، ويقال: في ثلاثة أثواب، وحُمِل على سَريرِ النبي ﷺ، وهو سريرُ عائشةَ الذي كانت تنامُ عليه، فحُمل عليه أبو بكر، فصلى عليه عمرُ في المسجد بين القبر والمِنبَر، ودُفن في البيت مع رسول الله ﷺ ليلًا، وجعل رأسُه بين كَتِفَي النبي ﷺ (2)
[التعليق - من تلخيص الذهبي] ترقيم العلميه 4409 - سكت عنه الذهبي في التلخيص
[التعليق - من تلخيص الذهبي] ترقيم العلميه 4409 - سكت عنه الذهبي في التلخيص
It is narrated from Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) that she said: Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) passed away on Tuesday night, the 22nd of Jumada al-Ula, in the year 13 AH, and he was sixty-three years old at the time. He was ill for fifteen days. The cause of his illness was that he took a bath on a cold day, from which he had a fever for fifteen days and could not come out for the prayer, so Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) kept leading the people in prayer. He was in that house of his which the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) had granted him, and which today is opposite the house of Sayyiduna Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him). He had left the instruction that his wife Asma' bint Umays should wash him. Since she was weak, she sought help from Abd al-Rahman (his son). He was shrouded in two garments, one of which had been washed, and according to one report, in three garments. His bier was carried on the very bedstead of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) on which Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) used to sleep. Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) led his funeral prayer in the mosque between the grave and the pulpit, and he was buried at night with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) (in the chamber), and his blessed head was placed level with the shoulders of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him).
Explanation & Benefits
Shaykh Adil Murshid et al.
(2) إسناده ضعيف جدًّا، أبو أيوب سليمان بن داود المِنْقَري: هو الشَّاذَكُوني، وهو ضعيف الحديث جدًّا، لكن قال الذهبي: هو مع ضعَّفه لم يكد يوجد له حديث ساقط. قلنا: قد تابعه على جُمل من هذه الأخبار التي هنا في وفاة الصِّديق محمدُ بنُ سعد في "طبقاته" 3/ 201. ومحمد بن عمر - وهو الواقدي - ليس بذاك، وخالفه من هو أوثق منه في إسناد هذه الأخبار، فقد روي سفيان بن عيينة عند أبي بكر الدِّينوري في "المجالسة" (164) عن الزُّهْري من قوله جُملًا من هذه الأخبار دون ذكر سبب وفاته، وروى معمر عند ابن عساكر 30/ 445 عن الزُّهْري من قوله ذِكْر صلاة عمر بن الخطاب على الصِّدِّيق، فهذا أشبه أنه عن الزُّهْري مرسل، على أنه ليس بعيدًا أن يكون الزُّهْري أخذه عن عروة وعن غيره من شيوخه في الأخبار والسير لما سيأتي بيانه من رواية غير الزُّهْري عن عروة عن عائشة لبعض ما ورد هنا، وكذلك سيأتي عند المصنف برقم (4465) من مرسل عروة بن الزبير ذكرُ الصلاة على جده أبي بكر في المسجد ودفنه ليلًا إلى جنب رسول الله ﷺ، وبذلك يتأكد أنَّ أكثر ما ورد هنا من الأخبار في وفاة الصدِّيق ممّا حمله الزُّهْري عن عروة، والله تعالى أعلم.
Grading: Its chain is "very weak".
Technical note / Defect ('illah): Abu Ayyub Sulayman bin Dawud al-Minqari: he is "al-Shadhakuni", and he is very weak in hadith, but al-Dhahabi said: "Despite his weakness, hardly any hadith of his is found that is utterly worthless (saqit)." We say: Muhammad bin Sa'd corroborated him in his "Tabaqat" 3/ 201 in a number of the reports mentioned here about the death of al-Siddiq. And Muhammad bin 'Umar (who is al-Waqidi) is not strong, and narrators more trustworthy than him contradicted him in the chains of these reports.
Details of the narration: Thus Sufyan bin 'Uyaynah (in Abu Bakr al-Dinawari's "al-Mujalasah": 164) narrated part of these reports as the words of al-Zuhri, but without mentioning the cause of his death. And Ma'mar (in Ibn 'Asakir 30/ 445) mentioned, as the words of al-Zuhri, 'Umar bin al-Khattab's leading the funeral prayer over al-Siddiq. So it is more likely that it is "mursal" from al-Zuhri (i.e. al-Zuhri related it without naming anyone). However, it is not unlikely that al-Zuhri took these things from 'Urwah and from his other shaykhs in history and sirah, as will be explained: narrators other than al-Zuhri have transmitted, via 'Urwah > 'A'ishah, things that are mentioned here.
Corroborating chains and supporting reports: Likewise, a mursal narration of 'Urwah bin al-Zubayr will come shortly with the author (at no. 4465), mentioning the prayer over his maternal grandfather Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) in the mosque and his burial at night beside the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). This confirms that most of the reports that have come here about the death of al-Siddiq are among those that al-Zuhri obtained from 'Urwah. And Allah the Exalted knows best.
وأخرجه مختصرًا بذكر وقت وفاة أبي بكر ووصيته بأن تغسله زوجه أسماء: البيهقي في "السنن الكبرى" 3/ 397 عن أبي عبد الله الحاكم، بهذا الإسناد.
Reference / Source: Al-Bayhaqi recorded it in abridged form in "al-Sunan al-Kubra" 3/ 397 from Abu 'Abd Allah al-Hakim with this same chain (mentioning the time of the death of Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) and his instruction that his wife Asma' (may Allah be pleased with her) should wash him).
وأخرجه دون ذكر تكفين الصِّدِّيق وجنازته والصلاة عليه ودفنه: ابن سعد في "الطبقات الكبرى" 3/ 185، ومن طريقه الطبري في "تاريخه" 3/ 419، وابن عساكر في "تاريخ دمشق" 30/ 409 و 450، وابن الأثير في "أسد الغابة" 3/ 230 عن محمد بن عمر الواقدي به. لكنه قال في روايته في جمادى الآخرة. وذكر فيه الواقدي إسنادين آخرين للخبر.
Reference / Source: Ibn Sa'd recorded it in "al-Tabaqat al-Kubra" 3/ 185, and via him al-Tabari (Tarikh 3/ 419), Ibn 'Asakir (Tarikh Dimashq 30/ 409, 450) and Ibn al-Athir (Usd al-Ghabah 3/ 230), from Muhammad bin 'Umar al-Waqidi, but without mention of the shrouding of al-Siddiq, his funeral, the prayer over him and his burial. However, in his narration he gave (the time of death as) "Jumada al-Akhirah". And al-Waqidi also mentioned two further chains for this report.
وأخرجه مختصرًا بذكر سنّ الصِّديق يوم تُوفِّي: ابن أبي عاصم في "الآحاد والمثاني" (41) من طريق معمر، عن الزُّهْري، به.
Reference / Source: Ibn Abi 'Asim recorded it in abridged form in "al-Ahad wa al-Mathani" (41) via Ma'mar > al-Zuhri (mentioning only the age of al-Siddiq on the day he died).
وأخرجه مختصرًا بذلك أيضًا عبد الرزاق (6791) عن ابن جريج، عن ابن شهاب قال: وقالت عائشة .. فأرسله فلم يذكر عروة.
Reference / Source: 'Abd al-Razzaq (6791) also recorded it in the same abridged form via Ibn Jurayj > Ibn Shihab (al-Zuhri), who said: "And 'A'ishah said .." So he made it mursal and did not mention 'Urwah (in between).
لكن أخرج هذا الحرف نفسه الطبرانيُّ في "الكبير" (28)، وأبو نُعيم في "معرفة الصحابة" (900)، وابن عساكر في "تاريخ دمشق" 30/ 26 من طريق عبد الله بن لهيعة، عن أبي الأسود، عن عروة، عن عائشة. فدلَّ ذلك على ثبوت ذكر عروة بن الزُّبير في إسناد خبر سنِّ الصِّدِّيق يوم تُوفِّي.
Reference / Source: But this same portion (harf) was recorded by al-Tabarani in "al-Kabir" (28), Abu Nu'aym in "Ma'rifat al-Sahabah" (900) and Ibn 'Asakir in "Tarikh Dimashq" 30/ 26 via 'Abd Allah bin Lahi'ah > Abu al-Aswad > 'Urwah > 'A'ishah.
Important point: This is evidence that the mention of 'Urwah bin al-Zubayr in the chain of the report about the age of al-Siddiq at the time of his death is established.
وأخرجه مختصرًا بذكر وفاته ليلة الثلاثاء ودفنه في تلك الليلة وتكفينه في ثلاثة أثواب: أحمدُ 41 / (25005)، والبخاري (1387) من طريق هشام بن عُرْوة، عن أبيه، عن عائشة.
Reference / Source: Ahmad 41/ (25005) and al-Bukhari (1387) recorded it in abridged form via Hisham bin 'Urwah > his father > 'A'ishah (mentioning his death on the night of Tuesday, his burial that same night and his shrouding in three garments).
وأخرجه مختصرًا بذكر تغسيل أسماء بنت عميس له: ابنُ سعد 3/ 187 من طريق هشام بن عروة، عن أبيه، عن عائشة.
Reference / Source: Ibn Sa'd 3/ 187 recorded it in abridged form via Hisham bin 'Urwah > his father > 'A'ishah (mentioning Asma' bint 'Umays washing him).
وقد رُويت وصية الصِّدِّيق بأن تغسله زوجه أسماء بنت عميس من مراسيل جماعة من التابعين منهم: أبو بكر بن حفص عند عبد الرزاق (6124)، وابن سعد 3/ 186، وابن المنذر في "الأوسط" (2921)، وغيرهم بسند رجاله ثقات.
Corroborating chains and supporting reports: Al-Siddiq's instruction that his wife Asma' bint 'Umays should wash him is also narrated in the mursal reports of a group of Tabi'is. Among them is Abu Bakr bin Hafs ('Abd al-Razzaq 6124, Ibn Sa'd 3/ 186, Ibn al-Mundhir 2921 and others), and the narrators of its chain are trustworthy.
وابنُ أبي مليكة عند ابن أبي شيبة 3/ 249، وابن سعد 3/ 186، ورجاله ثقات أيضًا. والقاسمُ بن محمد والحسنُ البصري وقتادة وسعدُ بن إبراهيم عند ابن سعد 3/ 186 بأسانيد لا بأس برجالها كذلك.
Corroborating chains and supporting reports: It is also narrated from Ibn Abi Mulaykah (Ibn Abi Shaybah 3/ 249, Ibn Sa'd 3/ 186), and its narrators are also trustworthy. Also from al-Qasim bin Muhammad, al-Hasan al-Basri, Qatadah and Sa'd bin Ibrahim (Ibn Sa'd 3/ 186) with chains whose narrators have nothing wrong with them.
ورُوي تغسيل أسماء له أيضًا من مرسل عبد الله بن أبي بكر عند مالك 1/ 223، ومن مرسل إبراهيم النخعي عند ابن سعد 3/ 203.
Corroborating chains and supporting reports: Asma' (may Allah be pleased with her) washing him is also narrated in the mursal report of 'Abd Allah bin Abi Bakr (Malik 1/ 223) and the mursal report of Ibrahim al-Nakha'i (Ibn Sa'd 3/ 203).
ورُويت الصلاةُ عليه قرب المنبر من مرسل المطّلب بن عبد الله بن حَنْطَب عند ابن أبي شيبة 3/ 364، والبلاذُري في "أنساب الأشراف" 10/ 94، وابن عساكر 30/ 446، بسند رجاله لا بأس بهم.
Corroborating chains and supporting reports: The funeral prayer over him near the minbar is narrated in the mursal report of al-Muttalib bin 'Abd Allah bin Hantab (Ibn Abi Shaybah 3/ 364, al-Baladhuri 10/ 94, Ibn 'Asakir 30/ 446), the narrators of whose chain have nothing wrong with them.
ورُويت صلاةُ عمر بن الخطاب عليه من مرسل سعيد بن المسيب عند الطبراني في "الكبير" (35) بسند رجاله ثقات.
Corroborating chains and supporting reports: 'Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) leading the prayer over him is narrated in the mursal report of Sa'id bin al-Musayyab (al-Tabarani, al-Kabir: 35), the narrators of whose chain are trustworthy.
Grading: Its chain is "very weak".
Technical note / Defect ('illah): Abu Ayyub Sulayman bin Dawud al-Minqari: he is "al-Shadhakuni", and he is very weak in hadith, but al-Dhahabi said: "Despite his weakness, hardly any hadith of his is found that is utterly worthless (saqit)." We say: Muhammad bin Sa'd corroborated him in his "Tabaqat" 3/ 201 in a number of the reports mentioned here about the death of al-Siddiq. And Muhammad bin 'Umar (who is al-Waqidi) is not strong, and narrators more trustworthy than him contradicted him in the chains of these reports.
Details of the narration: Thus Sufyan bin 'Uyaynah (in Abu Bakr al-Dinawari's "al-Mujalasah": 164) narrated part of these reports as the words of al-Zuhri, but without mentioning the cause of his death. And Ma'mar (in Ibn 'Asakir 30/ 445) mentioned, as the words of al-Zuhri, 'Umar bin al-Khattab's leading the funeral prayer over al-Siddiq. So it is more likely that it is "mursal" from al-Zuhri (i.e. al-Zuhri related it without naming anyone). However, it is not unlikely that al-Zuhri took these things from 'Urwah and from his other shaykhs in history and sirah, as will be explained: narrators other than al-Zuhri have transmitted, via 'Urwah > 'A'ishah, things that are mentioned here.
Corroborating chains and supporting reports: Likewise, a mursal narration of 'Urwah bin al-Zubayr will come shortly with the author (at no. 4465), mentioning the prayer over his maternal grandfather Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) in the mosque and his burial at night beside the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). This confirms that most of the reports that have come here about the death of al-Siddiq are among those that al-Zuhri obtained from 'Urwah. And Allah the Exalted knows best.
وأخرجه مختصرًا بذكر وقت وفاة أبي بكر ووصيته بأن تغسله زوجه أسماء: البيهقي في "السنن الكبرى" 3/ 397 عن أبي عبد الله الحاكم، بهذا الإسناد.
Reference / Source: Al-Bayhaqi recorded it in abridged form in "al-Sunan al-Kubra" 3/ 397 from Abu 'Abd Allah al-Hakim with this same chain (mentioning the time of the death of Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) and his instruction that his wife Asma' (may Allah be pleased with her) should wash him).
وأخرجه دون ذكر تكفين الصِّدِّيق وجنازته والصلاة عليه ودفنه: ابن سعد في "الطبقات الكبرى" 3/ 185، ومن طريقه الطبري في "تاريخه" 3/ 419، وابن عساكر في "تاريخ دمشق" 30/ 409 و 450، وابن الأثير في "أسد الغابة" 3/ 230 عن محمد بن عمر الواقدي به. لكنه قال في روايته في جمادى الآخرة. وذكر فيه الواقدي إسنادين آخرين للخبر.
Reference / Source: Ibn Sa'd recorded it in "al-Tabaqat al-Kubra" 3/ 185, and via him al-Tabari (Tarikh 3/ 419), Ibn 'Asakir (Tarikh Dimashq 30/ 409, 450) and Ibn al-Athir (Usd al-Ghabah 3/ 230), from Muhammad bin 'Umar al-Waqidi, but without mention of the shrouding of al-Siddiq, his funeral, the prayer over him and his burial. However, in his narration he gave (the time of death as) "Jumada al-Akhirah". And al-Waqidi also mentioned two further chains for this report.
وأخرجه مختصرًا بذكر سنّ الصِّديق يوم تُوفِّي: ابن أبي عاصم في "الآحاد والمثاني" (41) من طريق معمر، عن الزُّهْري، به.
Reference / Source: Ibn Abi 'Asim recorded it in abridged form in "al-Ahad wa al-Mathani" (41) via Ma'mar > al-Zuhri (mentioning only the age of al-Siddiq on the day he died).
وأخرجه مختصرًا بذلك أيضًا عبد الرزاق (6791) عن ابن جريج، عن ابن شهاب قال: وقالت عائشة .. فأرسله فلم يذكر عروة.
Reference / Source: 'Abd al-Razzaq (6791) also recorded it in the same abridged form via Ibn Jurayj > Ibn Shihab (al-Zuhri), who said: "And 'A'ishah said .." So he made it mursal and did not mention 'Urwah (in between).
لكن أخرج هذا الحرف نفسه الطبرانيُّ في "الكبير" (28)، وأبو نُعيم في "معرفة الصحابة" (900)، وابن عساكر في "تاريخ دمشق" 30/ 26 من طريق عبد الله بن لهيعة، عن أبي الأسود، عن عروة، عن عائشة. فدلَّ ذلك على ثبوت ذكر عروة بن الزُّبير في إسناد خبر سنِّ الصِّدِّيق يوم تُوفِّي.
Reference / Source: But this same portion (harf) was recorded by al-Tabarani in "al-Kabir" (28), Abu Nu'aym in "Ma'rifat al-Sahabah" (900) and Ibn 'Asakir in "Tarikh Dimashq" 30/ 26 via 'Abd Allah bin Lahi'ah > Abu al-Aswad > 'Urwah > 'A'ishah.
Important point: This is evidence that the mention of 'Urwah bin al-Zubayr in the chain of the report about the age of al-Siddiq at the time of his death is established.
وأخرجه مختصرًا بذكر وفاته ليلة الثلاثاء ودفنه في تلك الليلة وتكفينه في ثلاثة أثواب: أحمدُ 41 / (25005)، والبخاري (1387) من طريق هشام بن عُرْوة، عن أبيه، عن عائشة.
Reference / Source: Ahmad 41/ (25005) and al-Bukhari (1387) recorded it in abridged form via Hisham bin 'Urwah > his father > 'A'ishah (mentioning his death on the night of Tuesday, his burial that same night and his shrouding in three garments).
وأخرجه مختصرًا بذكر تغسيل أسماء بنت عميس له: ابنُ سعد 3/ 187 من طريق هشام بن عروة، عن أبيه، عن عائشة.
Reference / Source: Ibn Sa'd 3/ 187 recorded it in abridged form via Hisham bin 'Urwah > his father > 'A'ishah (mentioning Asma' bint 'Umays washing him).
وقد رُويت وصية الصِّدِّيق بأن تغسله زوجه أسماء بنت عميس من مراسيل جماعة من التابعين منهم: أبو بكر بن حفص عند عبد الرزاق (6124)، وابن سعد 3/ 186، وابن المنذر في "الأوسط" (2921)، وغيرهم بسند رجاله ثقات.
Corroborating chains and supporting reports: Al-Siddiq's instruction that his wife Asma' bint 'Umays should wash him is also narrated in the mursal reports of a group of Tabi'is. Among them is Abu Bakr bin Hafs ('Abd al-Razzaq 6124, Ibn Sa'd 3/ 186, Ibn al-Mundhir 2921 and others), and the narrators of its chain are trustworthy.
وابنُ أبي مليكة عند ابن أبي شيبة 3/ 249، وابن سعد 3/ 186، ورجاله ثقات أيضًا. والقاسمُ بن محمد والحسنُ البصري وقتادة وسعدُ بن إبراهيم عند ابن سعد 3/ 186 بأسانيد لا بأس برجالها كذلك.
Corroborating chains and supporting reports: It is also narrated from Ibn Abi Mulaykah (Ibn Abi Shaybah 3/ 249, Ibn Sa'd 3/ 186), and its narrators are also trustworthy. Also from al-Qasim bin Muhammad, al-Hasan al-Basri, Qatadah and Sa'd bin Ibrahim (Ibn Sa'd 3/ 186) with chains whose narrators have nothing wrong with them.
ورُوي تغسيل أسماء له أيضًا من مرسل عبد الله بن أبي بكر عند مالك 1/ 223، ومن مرسل إبراهيم النخعي عند ابن سعد 3/ 203.
Corroborating chains and supporting reports: Asma' (may Allah be pleased with her) washing him is also narrated in the mursal report of 'Abd Allah bin Abi Bakr (Malik 1/ 223) and the mursal report of Ibrahim al-Nakha'i (Ibn Sa'd 3/ 203).
ورُويت الصلاةُ عليه قرب المنبر من مرسل المطّلب بن عبد الله بن حَنْطَب عند ابن أبي شيبة 3/ 364، والبلاذُري في "أنساب الأشراف" 10/ 94، وابن عساكر 30/ 446، بسند رجاله لا بأس بهم.
Corroborating chains and supporting reports: The funeral prayer over him near the minbar is narrated in the mursal report of al-Muttalib bin 'Abd Allah bin Hantab (Ibn Abi Shaybah 3/ 364, al-Baladhuri 10/ 94, Ibn 'Asakir 30/ 446), the narrators of whose chain have nothing wrong with them.
ورُويت صلاةُ عمر بن الخطاب عليه من مرسل سعيد بن المسيب عند الطبراني في "الكبير" (35) بسند رجاله ثقات.
Corroborating chains and supporting reports: 'Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) leading the prayer over him is narrated in the mursal report of Sa'id bin al-Musayyab (al-Tabarani, al-Kabir: 35), the narrators of whose chain are trustworthy.
Source: Al-Mustadrak ala al-Sahihayn (Takhrij & Tahqiq: Shaykh Adil Murshid et al.), Page: 4457
