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مستدرکِ حاکم
Mustadrak al-Hakim
كتاب المغازي والسرايا
Book of Military Expeditions and Raids
ذِكْرُ مُبَارَزَةِ عَلِيٍّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ عَمْرَو بْنَ عَبْدِ وُدٍّ
Mention of the duel of Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) with Amr bin Abd Wudd
Mustadrak al-Hakim — Hadith 4372
اُردوEn
حدثنا أبو العباس محمد بن يعقوب، حدثنا أحمد بن عبد الجبار، حدثنا يونس بن بكير، عن محمد بن عبد الرحمن، عن الحَكَم، عن مِقْسَم، عن ابن عبّاس قال: قُتِلَ رجلٌ من المشركين يوم الخندق، فطَلَبُوا أن يُوارُوه، فأبى رسول الله ﷺ حتى أعطوه الدية. وقُتِل من بني عامر بن لؤيٍّ عمرُو بنُ عبدِ وَدٍّ، قتله علي بن أبي طالب مُبارَزَةً (1).
هذا حديث صحيح الإسناد، ولم يخرجاه. وله شاهد عجيبٌ:
[التعليق - من تلخيص الذهبي] ترقيم العلميه 4326 - صحيح
هذا حديث صحيح الإسناد، ولم يخرجاه. وله شاهد عجيبٌ:
[التعليق - من تلخيص الذهبي] ترقيم العلميه 4326 - صحيح
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) that he said: On the day of the Trench a man from the polytheists was killed. They expressed their wish to take his body to bury it, but the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) refused to hand over the body until they had paid its ransom. And Amr bin Abd Wadd of Banu Amir bin Lu'ayy was killed by Sayyiduna Ali bin Abi Talib (may Allah be pleased with him) in single combat.
This hadith has an authentic (sahih) chain of narration, but the two Shaykhs (Bukhari and Muslim) did not record it. It also has a very unusual supporting narration (shahid).
This hadith has an authentic (sahih) chain of narration, but the two Shaykhs (Bukhari and Muslim) did not record it. It also has a very unusual supporting narration (shahid).
Explanation & Benefits
Shaykh Adil Murshid et al.
(1) هذا الخبر شطره الأول صحيح مشهور عند أهل المغازي، وثبت أيضًا عن عكرمة مولى ابن عباس مرسلًا بسند صحيح إليه. لكن حصل في سياقه هنا تقديم وتأخير كما تدل عليه سائر رواياته، والمراد: فطلبوا أن يُوارُوه حتى أعطوا فيه الدية، فأبى رسول الله ﷺ. وقد ترجم البخاري في "صحيحه" بين يدي الحديث (3185) بقوله: "باب طرح جيف المشركين في البئر، ولا يؤخذ لهم ثمن" وهذا مصير منه ﵀ إلى اعتماد هذا الخبر، كما نبه عليه الحافظ ابن حجر في "الفتح" 9/ 521، لكن الحافظ ﵀ لم يتنبه فيه لرواية عكرمة مولى ابن عباس المرسلة التي تعضد رواية ابن عبّاس، وهي أولى مما ذكره من الأدلة على تقوية حديث ابن عباس هذا. وأما شطره الثاني فصحيح مشهور عند أهل المغازي أيضًا، يرويه محمد بن كعب القرظي عن رجال من قومه، ويرويه عروة بن الزبير وابن شهاب الزهري وغيرهم.
Grading: (1) The first part of this report is "sahih and well known" among the scholars of the maghazi, and it is also established from 'Ikrimah (the client of Ibn 'Abbas) as "mursal" with a sahih chain up to him.
Technical note / Textual investigation: However, in its wording here there is a transposition (of earlier and later parts), as the other narrations indicate. What is meant is: "They asked to bury him, even offering to pay the blood-money for him, but the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) refused."
Reference / Source: Al-Bukhari (may Allah have mercy on him) gave a chapter heading in his "Sahih" before hadith (3185): "Chapter: Throwing the corpses of the polytheists into the well, and no price is taken for them." This shows that he (may Allah have mercy on him) relied on this report, as al-Hafiz Ibn Hajar pointed out in "al-Fath" (9/ 521).
Note / Clarification: But al-Hafiz (may Allah have mercy on him) did not notice here the mursal narration of 'Ikrimah, which supports the narration of Ibn 'Abbas, even though it is more deserving than the other evidence he mentioned for strengthening this hadith of Ibn 'Abbas. As for the second part of this report, it too is sahih and well known among the scholars of the maghazi; Muhammad bin Ka'b al-Qurazi narrates it from men of his people, and 'Urwah bin al-Zubayr, al-Zuhri and others narrate it.
ولم يرو هذين الشطرين مجموعين غير يونس بن بكير عن محمد بن عبد الرحمن - وهو ابن أبي ليلى - وسائر من رواه عن ابن أبي ليلى اقتصر على الشطر الأول، وكذلك رواه حجاج بن أرطاة عن الحكم - وهو ابن عتيبة - مقتصرًا على الشطر الأول منه، فالظاهر أنَّ هذا الشطر الثاني مدرج في الخبر هنا، وإن كان صحيحًا من غير هذا الوجه كما تقدَّم، وابن أبي ليلى فيه مقال معروف من جهة حفظه، وحجاج بن أرطاة فيه مقال مشهور في تدليسه عن الضعفاء، ولكنهما يعتبر بهما في المتابعات والشواهد.
Technical note / Interpolation (idraj): No one narrated these two parts "together" except Yunus bin Bukayr (from Muhammad bin 'Abd al-Rahman bin Abi Layla), whereas all the other narrators from Ibn Abi Layla limited themselves to the "first part". Likewise Hajjaj bin Artah, narrating from al-Hakam (bin 'Utaybah), limited himself to the first part.
Important point: It appears that the second part of the report is "mudraj" (interpolated) here, even though it is sahih through another route, as has passed.
Narrator criticism and accreditation: There is well-known criticism of Ibn Abi Layla regarding his memory, and well-known criticism of Hajjaj bin Artah for his "tadlis" from weak narrators; however, both of them are taken into consideration in corroborating chains and supporting reports.
وأخرج الشطر الأول منه أحمد 4 / (2319) و 5 / (3011)، والترمذي (1715) من طريقين عن محمد بن عبد الرحمن بن أبي ليلى، بهذا الإسناد. واختلفت نسخ الترمذي في نقل حكمه، فوقع في النسخ التي وقعت لعبد الحق وابن القطان والذهبي تحسينه لهذا الخبر، ولم يقع لنا ذلك في النسخ الخطية التي بأيدينا منه، ورجّح الذهبي في "الميزان" في ترجمة ابن أبي ليلى تحسين الترمذي له مخالفًا فيه عبد الحق وابن القطان الفاسي في تضعيفهما للخبر.
Reference / Source: The first part of this hadith was narrated by Ahmad (4/ 2319 and 5/ 3011) and al-Tirmidhi (1715) through two routes from Muhammad bin 'Abd al-Rahman bin Abi Layla, with this chain.
Technical note / Variation between manuscripts: The manuscripts of al-Tirmidhi differ in reporting his grading of this hadith. The manuscripts that 'Abd al-Haqq, Ibn al-Qattan and al-Dhahabi had contain his grading of this report as "hasan", but we did not find this in the manuscripts of it that we have.
Important point: Al-Dhahabi, in "al-Mizan" in the biography of Ibn Abi Layla, preferred al-Tirmidhi's grading of it as hasan, differing in this from 'Abd al-Haqq and Ibn al-Qattan al-Fasi, who graded the report da'if.
وأخرج الشطر الأول منه أيضًا أحمد 4 / (2230) و (2442) من طريق حجاج بن أرطاة، عن الحكم بن عتيبة به.
Reference / Source: The first part of it was also narrated by Ahmad (4/ 2230 and 2442) by way of Hajjaj bin Artah, from al-Hakam bin 'Utaybah.
ويشهد له مرسل عكرمة مولى ابن عبّاس عند ابن أبي شيبة 14/ 423: أنَّ نوفلًا أو ابن نوفل تردي به فرسه يوم الخندق فقتل، فبعث أبو سفيان إلى النبي ﷺ بديته مئة من الإبل، فأبى النبي ﷺ، وقال: "خذوه فإنه خبيث الدية، خبيث الجيفة"، ورجاله ثقات. وفيه زيادة فوائد في تسمية المقتول ومَن طلب شراء جُثّته.
Corroborating chains and supporting reports: This narration is supported by the "mursal" narration of 'Ikrimah, the client of Ibn 'Abbas, found in Ibn Abi Shaybah (14/ 423): "Nawfal (or Ibn Nawfal) fell with his horse on the day of the Khandaq and was killed, so Abu Sufyan sent to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) his blood-money of one hundred camels, but the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) refused and said: 'Take him, for he is foul in blood-money and foul as a corpse.'"
Grading: Its narrators are thiqah.
Important point: This narration contains additional benefits in naming the man killed and the one who sought to buy his body.
ويشهد له أيضًا مرسل الزهري عند أبي إسحاق الفزاري في "السير" (32).
Corroborating chains and supporting reports: It is also supported by the "mursal" narration of al-Zuhri found with Abu Ishaq al-Fazari in "al-Siyar" (32).
ومرسل موسى بن عقبة عند البيهقي في "دلائل النبوة" 3/ 404.
Corroborating chains and supporting reports: And by the "mursal" narration of Musa bin 'Uqbah, found in al-Bayhaqi's "Dala'il al-Nubuwwah" (3/ 404).
ومرسل عروة بن الزبير عند البيهقي في "الدلائل" 3/ 407.
Corroborating chains and supporting reports: And by the "mursal" narration of 'Urwah bin al-Zubayr, found in al-Bayhaqi's "al-Dala'il" (3/ 407).
وأما الشطر الثاني من الخبر في قتل عمرو بن عبد وَدِّ فيشهد له الروايات الآتية عند المصنف بالأرقام (4374 - 4378).
Details of the narration: As for the second part of the report, about the killing of "'Amr bin 'Abd Wudd", it is supported by the narrations that will come with the author at nos. (4374 - 4378).
Grading: (1) The first part of this report is "sahih and well known" among the scholars of the maghazi, and it is also established from 'Ikrimah (the client of Ibn 'Abbas) as "mursal" with a sahih chain up to him.
Technical note / Textual investigation: However, in its wording here there is a transposition (of earlier and later parts), as the other narrations indicate. What is meant is: "They asked to bury him, even offering to pay the blood-money for him, but the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) refused."
Reference / Source: Al-Bukhari (may Allah have mercy on him) gave a chapter heading in his "Sahih" before hadith (3185): "Chapter: Throwing the corpses of the polytheists into the well, and no price is taken for them." This shows that he (may Allah have mercy on him) relied on this report, as al-Hafiz Ibn Hajar pointed out in "al-Fath" (9/ 521).
Note / Clarification: But al-Hafiz (may Allah have mercy on him) did not notice here the mursal narration of 'Ikrimah, which supports the narration of Ibn 'Abbas, even though it is more deserving than the other evidence he mentioned for strengthening this hadith of Ibn 'Abbas. As for the second part of this report, it too is sahih and well known among the scholars of the maghazi; Muhammad bin Ka'b al-Qurazi narrates it from men of his people, and 'Urwah bin al-Zubayr, al-Zuhri and others narrate it.
ولم يرو هذين الشطرين مجموعين غير يونس بن بكير عن محمد بن عبد الرحمن - وهو ابن أبي ليلى - وسائر من رواه عن ابن أبي ليلى اقتصر على الشطر الأول، وكذلك رواه حجاج بن أرطاة عن الحكم - وهو ابن عتيبة - مقتصرًا على الشطر الأول منه، فالظاهر أنَّ هذا الشطر الثاني مدرج في الخبر هنا، وإن كان صحيحًا من غير هذا الوجه كما تقدَّم، وابن أبي ليلى فيه مقال معروف من جهة حفظه، وحجاج بن أرطاة فيه مقال مشهور في تدليسه عن الضعفاء، ولكنهما يعتبر بهما في المتابعات والشواهد.
Technical note / Interpolation (idraj): No one narrated these two parts "together" except Yunus bin Bukayr (from Muhammad bin 'Abd al-Rahman bin Abi Layla), whereas all the other narrators from Ibn Abi Layla limited themselves to the "first part". Likewise Hajjaj bin Artah, narrating from al-Hakam (bin 'Utaybah), limited himself to the first part.
Important point: It appears that the second part of the report is "mudraj" (interpolated) here, even though it is sahih through another route, as has passed.
Narrator criticism and accreditation: There is well-known criticism of Ibn Abi Layla regarding his memory, and well-known criticism of Hajjaj bin Artah for his "tadlis" from weak narrators; however, both of them are taken into consideration in corroborating chains and supporting reports.
وأخرج الشطر الأول منه أحمد 4 / (2319) و 5 / (3011)، والترمذي (1715) من طريقين عن محمد بن عبد الرحمن بن أبي ليلى، بهذا الإسناد. واختلفت نسخ الترمذي في نقل حكمه، فوقع في النسخ التي وقعت لعبد الحق وابن القطان والذهبي تحسينه لهذا الخبر، ولم يقع لنا ذلك في النسخ الخطية التي بأيدينا منه، ورجّح الذهبي في "الميزان" في ترجمة ابن أبي ليلى تحسين الترمذي له مخالفًا فيه عبد الحق وابن القطان الفاسي في تضعيفهما للخبر.
Reference / Source: The first part of this hadith was narrated by Ahmad (4/ 2319 and 5/ 3011) and al-Tirmidhi (1715) through two routes from Muhammad bin 'Abd al-Rahman bin Abi Layla, with this chain.
Technical note / Variation between manuscripts: The manuscripts of al-Tirmidhi differ in reporting his grading of this hadith. The manuscripts that 'Abd al-Haqq, Ibn al-Qattan and al-Dhahabi had contain his grading of this report as "hasan", but we did not find this in the manuscripts of it that we have.
Important point: Al-Dhahabi, in "al-Mizan" in the biography of Ibn Abi Layla, preferred al-Tirmidhi's grading of it as hasan, differing in this from 'Abd al-Haqq and Ibn al-Qattan al-Fasi, who graded the report da'if.
وأخرج الشطر الأول منه أيضًا أحمد 4 / (2230) و (2442) من طريق حجاج بن أرطاة، عن الحكم بن عتيبة به.
Reference / Source: The first part of it was also narrated by Ahmad (4/ 2230 and 2442) by way of Hajjaj bin Artah, from al-Hakam bin 'Utaybah.
ويشهد له مرسل عكرمة مولى ابن عبّاس عند ابن أبي شيبة 14/ 423: أنَّ نوفلًا أو ابن نوفل تردي به فرسه يوم الخندق فقتل، فبعث أبو سفيان إلى النبي ﷺ بديته مئة من الإبل، فأبى النبي ﷺ، وقال: "خذوه فإنه خبيث الدية، خبيث الجيفة"، ورجاله ثقات. وفيه زيادة فوائد في تسمية المقتول ومَن طلب شراء جُثّته.
Corroborating chains and supporting reports: This narration is supported by the "mursal" narration of 'Ikrimah, the client of Ibn 'Abbas, found in Ibn Abi Shaybah (14/ 423): "Nawfal (or Ibn Nawfal) fell with his horse on the day of the Khandaq and was killed, so Abu Sufyan sent to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) his blood-money of one hundred camels, but the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) refused and said: 'Take him, for he is foul in blood-money and foul as a corpse.'"
Grading: Its narrators are thiqah.
Important point: This narration contains additional benefits in naming the man killed and the one who sought to buy his body.
ويشهد له أيضًا مرسل الزهري عند أبي إسحاق الفزاري في "السير" (32).
Corroborating chains and supporting reports: It is also supported by the "mursal" narration of al-Zuhri found with Abu Ishaq al-Fazari in "al-Siyar" (32).
ومرسل موسى بن عقبة عند البيهقي في "دلائل النبوة" 3/ 404.
Corroborating chains and supporting reports: And by the "mursal" narration of Musa bin 'Uqbah, found in al-Bayhaqi's "Dala'il al-Nubuwwah" (3/ 404).
ومرسل عروة بن الزبير عند البيهقي في "الدلائل" 3/ 407.
Corroborating chains and supporting reports: And by the "mursal" narration of 'Urwah bin al-Zubayr, found in al-Bayhaqi's "al-Dala'il" (3/ 407).
وأما الشطر الثاني من الخبر في قتل عمرو بن عبد وَدِّ فيشهد له الروايات الآتية عند المصنف بالأرقام (4374 - 4378).
Details of the narration: As for the second part of the report, about the killing of "'Amr bin 'Abd Wudd", it is supported by the narrations that will come with the author at nos. (4374 - 4378).
Source: Al-Mustadrak ala al-Sahihayn (Takhrij & Tahqiq: Shaykh Adil Murshid et al.), Page: 4372
