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مستدرکِ حاکم
Mustadrak al-Hakim
كتاب العلم
Book of Knowledge
مَنْ فَارَقَ الْجَمَاعَةَ قِيدَ شِبْرٍ فَقَدْ خَلَعَ رِبْقَةَ الْإِسْلَامِ مِنْ عُنُقِهِ
Whoever separates from the community by a handspan has removed the noose of Islam from his neck
Mustadrak al-Hakim — Hadith 406
اُردوEn
أخبرنا أبو بكر أحمد بن سلمان الفقيه ببغداد، حدثنا أحمد بن محمد بن عيسى القاضي، حدثنا عمرو بن عَوْن. وأخبرنا أبو بكر بن إسحاق، أخبرنا علي بن عبد العزيز، حدثنا عمرو بن عَوْن، حدثنا خالد بن عبد الله، عن مُطرِّف، عن خالد بن وَهْبان، عن أبي ذرٍّ قال: قال رسول الله ﷺ: "من فارقَ الجماعةَ قِيدَ شِبْرٍ، فقد خَلَعَ رِيْقةَ الإسلام من عُنقِه" (3). تابعه جريرُ بن عبد الحميد الضّبي عن مطرِّف:
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Dharr (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whoever leaves the Jama'ah even by the measure of a handspan has cast off the collar of Islam from his neck."
Jarir bin Abd al-Hamid has corroborated it as well.
Jarir bin Abd al-Hamid has corroborated it as well.
Explanation & Benefits
Shaykh Adil Murshid et al.
(3) صحيح لغيره، وهذا إسناد ضعيف لجهالة خالد بن وهبان، ثم إنه منقطع هنا بينه وبين مطرِّف، بينهما فيه أبو الجهم كما عند غير المصنف، وأبو الجهم هو الذي تفرَّد بالرواية عن خالد بن وهبان، واسمه سليمان بن الجهم مطرف: هو ابن طريف الحارثي. ¤ ¤ وأخرجه أحمد 35/ (21560 - 21562)، وأبو داود (4758) من طرق عن مطرف، عن أبي الجهم، عن خالد بن وهبان به وانظر ما بعده.
Grading: This hadith is "sahih li-ghayrihi" (authentic due to supporting reports), but this chain is weak because of the "jahalah" (unknown status) of Khalid bin Wahban.
Technical note / Defect ('illah): Here there is also an "inqita'" (break) in the chain between Khalid and Mutarrif, because in the versions of other imams Abu al-Jahm (Sulayman bin al-Jahm) appears as an intermediary between them, and he is the only one to narrate from Khalid bin Wahban; Mutarrif here is Mutarrif bin Tarif al-Harithi.
Reference / Source: Imam Ahmad narrated it in 35/ (21560 - 21562) and Abu Dawud in (4758) through various routes from Mutarrif, from Abu al-Jahm, from Khalid bin Wahban.
ويشهد له بلفظه حديثا ابن عمر والحارث الأشعري التاليان وهما صحيحان.
Corroborating chains and supporting reports: The next two hadiths, of Ibn 'Umar and al-Harith al-Ash'ari (may Allah be pleased with them), with the same wording, are supporting reports (shawahid) for it, and both of them are "sahih".
وفي معناه في الباب غير ما حديث، انظرها عند حديث ابن عمر في "مسند أحمد" 9/ (5386).
Details of the narration: There are several other hadiths in this chapter with the same meaning, which can be seen under the hadith of Ibn 'Umar in "Musnad Ahmad" 9/ (5386).
قِيد شبر: أي: قدر شبر.
Note / Clarification: "Qid shibr" means the measure of one hand-span.
والرِّبقة، قال ابن الأثير في "النهاية": الرِّبقة في الأصل: عُرْوة في حبل تُجعل في عنق البهيمة أو يدها تمسكها، فاستعارها للإسلام، يعني: ما يشدُّ به المسلم نفسه من عرى الإسلام، أي: حدوده وأحكامه وأوامره ونواهيه.
Note / Clarification: Regarding the word "al-ribqah", Ibn al-Athir says in "al-Nihayah": "al-ribqah" originally refers to a loop in a rope that is placed on the neck or foreleg of an animal to restrain it. Here it is used metaphorically for Islam, meaning the loops or bonds of Islam by which a Muslim binds himself, that is, the limits, rulings, commands and prohibitions of Islam.
Grading: This hadith is "sahih li-ghayrihi" (authentic due to supporting reports), but this chain is weak because of the "jahalah" (unknown status) of Khalid bin Wahban.
Technical note / Defect ('illah): Here there is also an "inqita'" (break) in the chain between Khalid and Mutarrif, because in the versions of other imams Abu al-Jahm (Sulayman bin al-Jahm) appears as an intermediary between them, and he is the only one to narrate from Khalid bin Wahban; Mutarrif here is Mutarrif bin Tarif al-Harithi.
Reference / Source: Imam Ahmad narrated it in 35/ (21560 - 21562) and Abu Dawud in (4758) through various routes from Mutarrif, from Abu al-Jahm, from Khalid bin Wahban.
ويشهد له بلفظه حديثا ابن عمر والحارث الأشعري التاليان وهما صحيحان.
Corroborating chains and supporting reports: The next two hadiths, of Ibn 'Umar and al-Harith al-Ash'ari (may Allah be pleased with them), with the same wording, are supporting reports (shawahid) for it, and both of them are "sahih".
وفي معناه في الباب غير ما حديث، انظرها عند حديث ابن عمر في "مسند أحمد" 9/ (5386).
Details of the narration: There are several other hadiths in this chapter with the same meaning, which can be seen under the hadith of Ibn 'Umar in "Musnad Ahmad" 9/ (5386).
قِيد شبر: أي: قدر شبر.
Note / Clarification: "Qid shibr" means the measure of one hand-span.
والرِّبقة، قال ابن الأثير في "النهاية": الرِّبقة في الأصل: عُرْوة في حبل تُجعل في عنق البهيمة أو يدها تمسكها، فاستعارها للإسلام، يعني: ما يشدُّ به المسلم نفسه من عرى الإسلام، أي: حدوده وأحكامه وأوامره ونواهيه.
Note / Clarification: Regarding the word "al-ribqah", Ibn al-Athir says in "al-Nihayah": "al-ribqah" originally refers to a loop in a rope that is placed on the neck or foreleg of an animal to restrain it. Here it is used metaphorically for Islam, meaning the loops or bonds of Islam by which a Muslim binds himself, that is, the limits, rulings, commands and prohibitions of Islam.
Source: Al-Mustadrak ala al-Sahihayn (Takhrij & Tahqiq: Shaykh Adil Murshid et al.), Page: 406
