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مستدرکِ حاکم
Mustadrak al-Hakim
كتاب التفسير
Book of Tafsir
شَأْنُ نُزُولِ سُورَةِ ( وَالضُّحَى )
The occasion of revelation of Surah al-Duha
Mustadrak al-Hakim — Hadith 3989
اُردوEn
أخبرنا إسحاق بن محمد الهاشمي بالكوفة، حدَّثنا محمد بن علي بن عفَّان العامرِي، حدَّثنا عُبيد الله بن موسى، أخبرنا إسرائيل، عن أبي إسحاق، عن زيد بن أَرقمَ قال: لما نزلت ﴿تَبَّتْ يَدَا أَبِي لَهَبٍ وَتَبَّ﴾ إلى ﴿وَامْرَأَتُهُ حَمَّالَةَ الْحَطَبِ (4) فِي جِيدِهَا حَبْلٌ مِنْ مَسَدٍ﴾ قال: فقيل لامرأة أبي لهبٍ: إنَّ محمدًا قد هَجَاكِ، فأتتْ رسول الله ﷺ وهو جالسٌ في المَلأ، فقالت: يا محمدُ، عَلَامَ تَهجُوني؟ قال: فقال: "إني واللهِ ما هَجَوتُكِ، ما هجاكِ إِلَّا الله" قال: فقالت: هل رأيتَني أحمِلُ حطبًا، أو رأيتَ في جِيدِي حبلًا من مَسَد؟! ثم انطَلَقَت، فمَكَثَ رسولُ الله ﷺ أيامًا لا يُنزَّلُ عليه، فأتته فقالت: يا محمدُ، ما أرى صاحبَك إلا قد وَدَّعك وقَلَاك، فأنزل الله ﷿: ﴿وَالضُّحَى (1) وَاللَّيْلِ إِذَا سَجَى (2) مَا وَدَّعَكَ رَبُّكَ وَمَا قَلَى﴾ (1). هذا إسناد صحيح كما حدَّثَناه هذا الشيخُ، إلا أني وجدتُ له عِلَّةً:
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Zayd bin Arqam (may Allah be pleased with him) that he said: When these verses were revealed: "Perish the hands of Abu Lahab, and perish he" up to "And his wife, the carrier of firewood; around her neck is a rope of palm fibre" [Surah al-Masad: 1, 4-5], it was said to the wife of Abu Lahab (Umm Jamil): "Indeed Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) has satirised (condemned) you." So she came to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) while he was sitting in a gathering, and said: "O Muhammad, for what reason are you satirising me?" He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "By Allah, I have not satirised you; it is only Allah who has satirised you." She said: "Have you seen me carrying firewood, or have you seen a rope of palm fibre around my neck?!" Then she left. After that, no revelation came down to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) for some days, so she came again and said: "O Muhammad, I think that your companion (meaning Allah) has abandoned you and become displeased with you." So Allah Almighty revealed this surah: "By the morning brightness, and by the night when it grows still, your Lord has not abandoned you, nor is He displeased" [Surah al-Duha: 1-3].
This chain is sahih (authentic) just as this Shaykh narrated it to us, except that I have found a hidden defect ('illah) in it.
This chain is sahih (authentic) just as this Shaykh narrated it to us, except that I have found a hidden defect ('illah) in it.
Explanation & Benefits
Shaykh Adil Murshid et al.
(1) ضعيف وإن كان ظاهر إسناده لا بأس به، إلّا أنَّ له علةً كما قال المصنف، فأغلب الظن أنَّ شيخه قد أخطأ في جعله من حديث أبي إسحاق - وهو السَّبيعي - عن زيد بن أرقم، والصواب فيه ما سيأتي بإثره عند المصنف من حديث أبي إسحاق عن يزيد بن زيد، ويزيد هذا مجهول لا يُعرَف كما قال الذهبي في ترجمته من "ميزان الاعتدال".
Grading: It is da'if, even though its chain outwardly seems unobjectionable, for it has a defect ('illah), as the author (al-Hakim) said. The most likely view is that his shaykh erred in making it a hadith of Abu Ishaq (al-Sabi'i) from Zayd bin Arqam. The correct version is what comes immediately after it with the author: the hadith of Abu Ishaq from "Yazid bin Zayd", and this Yazid is majhul and not known, as al-Dhahabi said in his biography in "Mizan al-I'tidal".
وأصح منه ما سلف برقم (3416) من حديث أسماء بنت أبي بكر.
Reference / Source: More authentic than it is the hadith of Asma' bint Abi Bakr, which has already passed at number (3416).
Grading: It is da'if, even though its chain outwardly seems unobjectionable, for it has a defect ('illah), as the author (al-Hakim) said. The most likely view is that his shaykh erred in making it a hadith of Abu Ishaq (al-Sabi'i) from Zayd bin Arqam. The correct version is what comes immediately after it with the author: the hadith of Abu Ishaq from "Yazid bin Zayd", and this Yazid is majhul and not known, as al-Dhahabi said in his biography in "Mizan al-I'tidal".
وأصح منه ما سلف برقم (3416) من حديث أسماء بنت أبي بكر.
Reference / Source: More authentic than it is the hadith of Asma' bint Abi Bakr, which has already passed at number (3416).
Source: Al-Mustadrak ala al-Sahihayn (Takhrij & Tahqiq: Shaykh Adil Murshid et al.), Page: 3989
