Mustadrak al-Hakim — Hadith 2875

(1) خبر صحيح، وهذا إسناد حسن من أجل موسى بن مسعود - وهو أبو حذيفة النَّهدي - وقد توبع. ابن أبي نَجيح: هو عبد الله، وعطاء: هو ابن أبي رباح.
Grading: This report is "sahih", and this chain is "hasan" because of Musa bin Mas'ud (Abu Hudhayfah al-Nahdi), and he has been corroborated. (In the chain) Ibn Abi Najih is "Abd Allah" and 'Ata' is "Ibn Abi Rabah".
وأخرجه أبو داود (2301) عن أحمد بن محمد المروَزي، عن موسى بن مسعود، بهذا الإسناد.
Reference / Source: Abu Dawud (2301) narrated it from Ahmad bin Muhammad al-Marwazi, from Musa bin Mas'ud, with this same chain.
وأخرجه البخاري (4531) و (5345) من طريق رَوح بن عُبادة، عن شبل بن عبّاد، به. فاستدراك الحاكم له ذهولٌ منه.
Reference / Source: Al-Bukhari (4531, 5345) narrated it likewise by way of Rawh bin 'Ubadah, from Shibl bin 'Abbad.
Note / Clarification: Therefore al-Hakim's listing it as a supplement (istidrak) is an oversight (dhuhul) on his part.
وسيأتي برقم (3146) من طريق ورقاء بن عمر عن ابن أبي نجيح. وانظر رواية ابن جريج عن عطاء الآتية برقم (3148).
Details of the narration: And this narration will come later at number (3146) by way of Warqa' bin Umar, from Ibn Abi Najih. And see the narration of Ibn Jurayj from 'Ata' at number (3148).
وقوله: "نَسَخَت هذه الآيةُ" يعني بها آية البقرة الأولى برقم (234) وهي قوله تعالى: ﴿وَالَّذِينَ يُتَوَفَّوْنَ مِنْكُمْ وَيَذَرُونَ أَزْوَاجًا يَتَرَبَّصْنَ بِأَنْفُسِهِنَّ أَرْبَعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ وَعَشْرًا﴾، نسخت الآية الثانية منها برقم (240) وهي قوله تعالى: ﴿وَالَّذِينَ يُتَوَفَّوْنَ مِنْكُمْ وَيَذَرُونَ أَزْوَاجًا وَصِيَّةً لِأَزْوَاجِهِمْ مَتَاعًا إِلَى الْحَوْلِ غَيْرَ إِخْرَاجٍ﴾، وهذا باتفاق جماعة المفسرين وكافّة الفقهاء.
Note / Clarification: The statement "this verse abrogated" means that the first verse of al-Baqarah, number (234), "And those of you who die and leave wives behind - they shall wait by themselves for four months and ten days", abrogated the second verse, number (240), "And those of you who die and leave wives behind - provision for a year". This is by the agreement of all the exegetes and jurists.
وروى عكرمة عن ابن عباس قال: ﴿وَالَّذِينَ يُتَوَفَّوْنَ مِنْكُمْ وَيَذَرُونَ أَزْوَاجًا وَصِيَّةً لِأَزْوَاجِهِمْ مَتَاعًا إِلَى الْحَوْلِ غَيْرَ إِخْرَاجٍ﴾، فنُسخ ذلك بآية الميراث بما فُرض لهن من الربع والثمن، ونُسخَ أجل الحول بأن جُعِل أجلُها أربعة أشهر وعشرًا. أخرجه أبو داود (2298) والنسائي (5706).
Reference / Source: And 'Ikrimah narrated from Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) that he said: The verse "And those of you who die" (those of you who die and leave wives behind should make a bequest for their wives of provision for a year without turning them out of the house) was abrogated by the verse of inheritance, in which a quarter and an eighth were fixed for them, and the period of one year (the waiting period) was abrogated and fixed at four months and ten days. Abu Dawud (2298) and al-Nasa'i (5706) narrated it.
وروى ابن سيرين عنه أيضًا: أنه قرأ حتى أتى على هذه الآية ﴿وَالَّذِينَ يُتَوَفَّوْنَ مِنْكُمْ وَيَذَرُونَ أَزْوَاجًا﴾ إلى قوله: ﴿غَيْرَ إِخْرَاجٍ﴾ فقال: وهذه نُسِخَت. وسيأتي عند المصنف برقم (3147). ¤ ¤ وروى علي بن أبي طلحة عنه أيضًا قال: ﴿وَالَّذِينَ يُتَوَفَّوْنَ مِنْكُمْ وَيَذَرُونَ أَزْوَاجًا وَصِيَّةً لِأَزْوَاجِهِمْ مَتَاعًا إِلَى الْحَوْلِ غَيْرَ إِخْرَاجٍ﴾، كان الرجل إذا مات وترك امرأته اعتدّت سنة في بيته يُنفَق عليها من ماله، ثم أنزل الله ﷿: ﴿وَالَّذِينَ يُتَوَفَّوْنَ مِنْكُمْ وَيَذَرُونَ أَزْوَاجًا يَتَرَبَّصْنَ بِأَنْفُسِهِنَّ أَرْبَعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ وَعَشْرًا﴾ قال: فهذه عدة المتوفى عنها زوجها إلّا أن تكون حاملًا فعدّتها أن تضع. أخرجه أبو عبيد في "الناسخ والمنسوخ" (232)، والطبري في "تفسيره" 2/ 580، وكذا ابن أبي حاتم 2/ 452، وأبو جعفر النحاس في "الناسخ والمنسوخ" ص 24، والبيهقي في "السنن الكبرى" 7/ 427، والخطيب في "الفقه والمتفقه" (241).
Reference / Source: And Ibn Sirin also narrated from him (Ibn Abbas) that he recited until he came to this verse: "And those of you who die" up to the words "without turning them out", and said: This verse has been abrogated. And it will come in the author's (al-Hakim's) work at number (3147). Ali bin Abi Talhah also narrated from him that he recited the verse "And those of you who die" (the verse of the bequest) and said: Previously, when a man died and left his wife, she would observe the waiting period for a year in his house and be provided for from his wealth; then Allah, Mighty and Majestic, revealed this verse: "And those of you who die - they shall wait by themselves for four months and ten days" (those wives shall keep themselves waiting for four months and ten days). He said: So this is the waiting period of the widow, unless she is pregnant, in which case her waiting period lasts until she gives birth. Abu 'Ubayd in "al-Nasikh wa al-Mansukh" (232), al-Tabari in his "Tafsir" (2/ 580), Ibn Abi Hatim (2/ 452), Abu Ja'far al-Nahhas in "al-Nasikh wa al-Mansukh" (p. 24), al-Bayhaqi in "al-Sunan al-Kubra" (7/ 427), and al-Khatib in "al-Faqih wa al-Mutafaqqih" (241) recorded it.
وقوله: "عند أهلها" أي: عند أهل الرجل، باعتبارهم صاروا أهلًا لها، وقد جاء في رواية أبي بكر الجصاص في "أحكام القرآن" 2/ 124 لهذا الخبر عن ابن داسَهْ عن أبي داود السّجستاني: عند أهله، على الجادة، وكذا وقع لأبي ذر الهروي عن الكشميهني في رواية البخاري.
Note / Clarification: His words "'inda ahliha" (with her family) mean: with the husband's family, since they have now become her family. In the narration of this report in Abu Bakr al-Jassas's "Ahkam al-Qur'an" (2/ 124), from Ibn Dasah, from Abu Dawud al-Sijistani, it appears as "'inda ahlihi" (with his family, i.e. the husband's family), which is the straightforward, usual form ('ala al-jaddah), and Abu Dharr al-Harawi likewise transmitted it so from al-Kushmihani in the narration of al-Bukhari.