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مستدرکِ حاکم
Mustadrak al-Hakim
كتاب الإيمان
Book of Faith
الظُّلْمُ ظُلُمَاتٌ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ وَإِيَّاكُمْ وَالْفُحْشَ وَالتَّفَحُّشَ وَالشُّحَّ
Injustice will be darkness on the Day of Resurrection, and beware of obscenity, foul speech and stinginess
Mustadrak al-Hakim — Hadith 26
اُردوEn
حدثنا علي بن حَمْشاذَ العَدْل، حدثنا إسماعيل بن إسحاق القاضي، حدثنا سليمان (1) بن حَرْب، حدثنا شُعْبة. وأخبرني أبو عمرو محمد بن جعفرٍ العَدْل، حدثنا يحيى بن محمد، حدثنا عُبيد الله بن معاذ، حدثنا أبي، حدثنا شعبة، عن عمرو بن مُرَّة قال: حدثني عبد الله بن الحارث - وأثنى عليه خيرًا - عن أبي كَثير، عن عبد الله بن عمرو قال: خَطَبَنا رسولُ الله ﷺ فقال: "إيّاكم والظُّلمَ، فإنَّ الظُّلمَ ظُلُماتٌ يومَ القيامة، وإيّاكم والفُحْشَ والتفحُّشَ، وإيّاكم والشُّحَّ، فإنما هَلَكَ مَن كان قَبلَكم بالشُّحِّ، أَمَرَهم بالقَطِيعة فقَطَعُوا، وبالبُخْل فبَخِلوا، وبالفجور ففَجَرُوا" فقام رجل فقال: يا رسولَ الله، أيُّ الإسلام أفضلُ؟ قال: "أن يَسلَمَ المسلمون من لسانِك ويدِك"، فقال ذلك الرجل أو غيرُه: يا رسولَ الله، أيُّ الهجرةِ أفضلُ؟ قال: "أنْ تَهجُرَ ما كَرِهَ ربُّك"، قال: "والهِجرةُ هجرتانِ: هجرةُ الحاضر، وهجرةُ البادِي، فهجرةُ البادي: أن يجيبَ إذا دُعِيَ، ويطيعَ إذا أُمِرَ، وهجرةُ الحاضر أعظَمُهما بَلِيَّةً، وأفضلُهما أجرًا" (2). قد خرَّجا جميعًا حديث الشَّعْبي عن عبد الله بن عمرو مختصرًا ولم يُخرجا هذا الحديث، وقد اتَّفقا على عمرو بن مُرَّة وعبد الله بن الحارث النَّجْراني (1)، فأما أبو كَثير زهير بن الأَقمَر الزُّبيدي فإنه سمع عليًّا وعبدَ الله فمَن بعدَهما من الصحابة. وهذا الحديث بعَينِه عند الأعمش عن عمرو بن مُرَّة:
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Amr (may Allah be pleased with them both) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) addressed us in a sermon and said: "Beware of injustice, for injustice will be darkness on the Day of Resurrection. Beware of obscenity and foul speech. And beware of greed and miserliness, for those before you were destroyed only because of greed and miserliness: it commanded them to sever ties of kinship, so they severed them; it commanded them to be miserly, so they were miserly; and it commanded them to sin, so they fell into sin." Then a man stood up and said: O Messenger of Allah, which Islam is best? He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "That the (other) Muslims are safe from your tongue and your hand." Then that man, or someone else, said: O Messenger of Allah, which emigration (hijrah) is best? He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "That you abandon what your Lord dislikes." He (peace and blessings be upon him) (further) said: "Emigration is of two kinds: the emigration of the town-dweller (the settled person) and the emigration of the desert-dweller (the Bedouin). The emigration of the desert-dweller is that he responds when he is called (to jihad) and obeys when he is commanded; and the emigration of the town-dweller is the greater of the two in trial and the more excellent of the two in reward."
Both of them (Imam Bukhari and Muslim) narrated the hadith of al-Sha'bi from Abdullah bin Amr in brief, but they did not narrate this hadith, although both of them are agreed on Amr bin Murrah and Abdullah bin al-Harith al-Najrani; and Abu Kathir Zuhayr bin al-Aqmar al-Zubaydi heard from Sayyiduna Ali and Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with them both) and the Companions after them. This very hadith is also found with Imam al-A'mash through Amr bin Murrah.
Both of them (Imam Bukhari and Muslim) narrated the hadith of al-Sha'bi from Abdullah bin Amr in brief, but they did not narrate this hadith, although both of them are agreed on Amr bin Murrah and Abdullah bin al-Harith al-Najrani; and Abu Kathir Zuhayr bin al-Aqmar al-Zubaydi heard from Sayyiduna Ali and Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with them both) and the Companions after them. This very hadith is also found with Imam al-A'mash through Amr bin Murrah.
Explanation & Benefits
Shaykh Adil Murshid et al.
(1) تحرَّف في (ب) إلى: سليم.
Technical note / Defect ('illah): (1) In manuscript (B) it was distorted into "Sulaym".
(2) إسناده صحيح إن شاء الله، ويحيى بن محمد: هو ابن البَخْتري أبو زكريا الحنّائي، ترجمه الخطيب في "تاريخ بغداد" 16/ 338 وقال: كان ثقة، وأبو كثير: هو الزُّبيدي، مختلف في اسمه، انفرد بالرواية عنه عبد الله بن الحارث النَّجْراني، وقيل: روى عنه أيضًا عمرو بن مرة، ووثقه العجلي والنسائي وابن حبان، وصحَّح له المصنف كما في هذه الرواية.
Grading: (2) Its chain is "sahih", in sha' Allah. Yahya bin Muhammad: Ibn al-Bakhtari Abu Zakariyya al-Hinna'i (al-Khatib gave his biography in "Tarikh Baghdad" 16/ 338 and said: he was thiqah). Abu Kathir: al-Zubaydi (there is disagreement about his name; Abd Allah bin al-Harith al-Najrani is alone in narrating from him, and it is said that 'Amr bin Murrah also narrated from him; al-'Ijli, al-Nasa'i and Ibn Hibban declared him trustworthy, and the author graded his narration sahih, as in this narration).
وأخرجه بطوله أحمد 11/ (6487) و (6837)، وابن حبان (5176) من طرق عن شعبة، بهذا الإسناد.
Reference / Source: Ahmad 11/ (6487) and (6837) and Ibn Hibban (5176) narrated it in full through various routes from Shu'bah with this same chain.
وأخرجه مختصرًا أبو داود (1698) بقصة الشُّح من طريق حفص بن عمر، والنسائي (7740) و (8649) - بقصة الهجرة - من طريق محمد بن جعفر، كلاهما عن شعبة، به.
Reference / Source: Abu Dawud (1698) narrated it in abridged form with the story of "shuhh" (avarice) by way of Hafs bin 'Umar, and al-Nasa'i (7740) and (8649) with the story of "hijrah" by way of Muhammad bin Ja'far, both from Shu'bah.
وسيأتي مختصرًا بقصة الشح عند المصنف برقم (1530) من طرق عن شعبة.
Note / Clarification: It will come in abridged form with the story of "shuhh" at (1530) through various routes from Shu'bah.
والشُّح: أشدُّ البخل، وهو أبلغ في المنع من البخل، وقيل: هو البخل مع الحرص، وقيل: البخل: في أفراد الأمور وآحادها، والشحُّ عامٌّ، وقيل: البخل بالمال، والشحّ بالمال والمعروف.
Note / Clarification: "Al-shuhh": the most severe miserliness, more extreme in withholding than bukhl; it is also said to be miserliness combined with greed; it is also said that bukhl concerns individual matters while shuhh is general; and it is said that bukhl is with wealth, while shuhh is with both wealth and good deeds.
وقوله: "الهجرة هجرتان … " قال السندي في حاشيته على "مسند أحمد": هجرة البادي، أي: ¤ ¤ أهل البدو، أي: أنه إذا سكن البدوَ مع حضوره الجهادَ ومع الطاعة لله ولرسوله فهو مهاجر، وأما من ترك الوطن وسكن المدينةَ لله ولرسوله فهو أكمل، والله تعالى أعلم.
Note / Clarification: "Hijrah is of two kinds…": al-Sindi says in his marginal notes on "Musnad Ahmad": "hijrat al-badi" (the emigration of the desert-dweller), i.e. of the people of the desert: if he lives in the desert while attending jihad and obeying Allah and His Messenger, he is an emigrant; but whoever leaves his homeland and settles in Madinah for Allah and His Messenger is more complete, and Allah the Exalted knows best.
(1) عبد الله بن الحارث من أفراد مسلم ولم يخرج له البخاري في "صحيحه" شيئًا.
Technical note / Defect ('illah): (1) Abd Allah bin al-Harith is among the narrators found only in Muslim; al-Bukhari did not record any narration of his in his "Sahih".
Technical note / Defect ('illah): (1) In manuscript (B) it was distorted into "Sulaym".
(2) إسناده صحيح إن شاء الله، ويحيى بن محمد: هو ابن البَخْتري أبو زكريا الحنّائي، ترجمه الخطيب في "تاريخ بغداد" 16/ 338 وقال: كان ثقة، وأبو كثير: هو الزُّبيدي، مختلف في اسمه، انفرد بالرواية عنه عبد الله بن الحارث النَّجْراني، وقيل: روى عنه أيضًا عمرو بن مرة، ووثقه العجلي والنسائي وابن حبان، وصحَّح له المصنف كما في هذه الرواية.
Grading: (2) Its chain is "sahih", in sha' Allah. Yahya bin Muhammad: Ibn al-Bakhtari Abu Zakariyya al-Hinna'i (al-Khatib gave his biography in "Tarikh Baghdad" 16/ 338 and said: he was thiqah). Abu Kathir: al-Zubaydi (there is disagreement about his name; Abd Allah bin al-Harith al-Najrani is alone in narrating from him, and it is said that 'Amr bin Murrah also narrated from him; al-'Ijli, al-Nasa'i and Ibn Hibban declared him trustworthy, and the author graded his narration sahih, as in this narration).
وأخرجه بطوله أحمد 11/ (6487) و (6837)، وابن حبان (5176) من طرق عن شعبة، بهذا الإسناد.
Reference / Source: Ahmad 11/ (6487) and (6837) and Ibn Hibban (5176) narrated it in full through various routes from Shu'bah with this same chain.
وأخرجه مختصرًا أبو داود (1698) بقصة الشُّح من طريق حفص بن عمر، والنسائي (7740) و (8649) - بقصة الهجرة - من طريق محمد بن جعفر، كلاهما عن شعبة، به.
Reference / Source: Abu Dawud (1698) narrated it in abridged form with the story of "shuhh" (avarice) by way of Hafs bin 'Umar, and al-Nasa'i (7740) and (8649) with the story of "hijrah" by way of Muhammad bin Ja'far, both from Shu'bah.
وسيأتي مختصرًا بقصة الشح عند المصنف برقم (1530) من طرق عن شعبة.
Note / Clarification: It will come in abridged form with the story of "shuhh" at (1530) through various routes from Shu'bah.
والشُّح: أشدُّ البخل، وهو أبلغ في المنع من البخل، وقيل: هو البخل مع الحرص، وقيل: البخل: في أفراد الأمور وآحادها، والشحُّ عامٌّ، وقيل: البخل بالمال، والشحّ بالمال والمعروف.
Note / Clarification: "Al-shuhh": the most severe miserliness, more extreme in withholding than bukhl; it is also said to be miserliness combined with greed; it is also said that bukhl concerns individual matters while shuhh is general; and it is said that bukhl is with wealth, while shuhh is with both wealth and good deeds.
وقوله: "الهجرة هجرتان … " قال السندي في حاشيته على "مسند أحمد": هجرة البادي، أي: ¤ ¤ أهل البدو، أي: أنه إذا سكن البدوَ مع حضوره الجهادَ ومع الطاعة لله ولرسوله فهو مهاجر، وأما من ترك الوطن وسكن المدينةَ لله ولرسوله فهو أكمل، والله تعالى أعلم.
Note / Clarification: "Hijrah is of two kinds…": al-Sindi says in his marginal notes on "Musnad Ahmad": "hijrat al-badi" (the emigration of the desert-dweller), i.e. of the people of the desert: if he lives in the desert while attending jihad and obeying Allah and His Messenger, he is an emigrant; but whoever leaves his homeland and settles in Madinah for Allah and His Messenger is more complete, and Allah the Exalted knows best.
(1) عبد الله بن الحارث من أفراد مسلم ولم يخرج له البخاري في "صحيحه" شيئًا.
Technical note / Defect ('illah): (1) Abd Allah bin al-Harith is among the narrators found only in Muslim; al-Bukhari did not record any narration of his in his "Sahih".
Source: Al-Mustadrak ala al-Sahihayn (Takhrij & Tahqiq: Shaykh Adil Murshid et al.), Page: 26
