المطالب العالية بزوائد المسانيد الثمانية
Al-Matalib al-'Aliyah
كتاب التفسير
Book of Tafsir
سُورَةُ حم عسق
Surah Ha Mim Ain Sin Qaf
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قَالَ إِسْحَاقُ : أَخْبَرَنَا عِيسَى بْنُ يُونُسَ ، عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ بْنِ أَبِي الصَّفِيرِ الْمَكِّيِّ ، عَنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ خَبَّابٍ ، عَنْ عَلِيٍّ - رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ - ، قَالَ : سَمِعْتُ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَرَأَ آيَةً ، ثُمَّ فَسَّرَهَا ، مَا أُحِبُّ أَنَّ لِي بِهَا الدُّنْيَا وَمَا فِيهَا ، قَالَ : وَمَا أَصَابَكُمْ مِنْ مُصِيبَةٍ فَبِمَا كَسَبَتْ أَيْدِيكُمْ وَيَعْفُو عَنْ كَثِيرٍ ثُمَّ قَالَ : مَنْ أَخَذَهُ اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ بِذَنْبِهِ فِي الدُّنْيَا ، فَاللهُ جَلَّ وَعَلَا أَكْرَمُ مِنْ أَنْ يُعِيدَهُ عَلَيْهِ فِي الْآخِرَةِ ، وَمَا عَفَا اللهُ تَعَالَى عَنْهُ فِي الدُّنْيَا فَاللهُ أَكْرَمُ مِنْ أَنْ يَعْفُوَ عَنْهُ فِي الدُّنْيَا ، وَيَأْخُذَ مِنْهُ فِي الْآخِرَةِ .
3704 \ 2 - أَخْبَرَنَا يَزِيدُ ابْنُ أَبِي حَكِيمٍ الْعَدَنِيُّ ، ثَنَا الْحَكَمُ بْنُ أَبَانَ ، قَالَ : سَمِعْتُ ذِيابَ بْنَ مُرَّةَ يَقُولُ : بَيْنَمَا عَلِيٌّ - رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ - مَعَ أَصْحَابِهِ يُحَدِّثُهُمْ ، إِذْ قَالَ لَهُمْ : سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ثُمَّ قَامَ وَلَمْ يُبَيِّنْ ، ثُمَّ عَطَفَ - رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ - ، فَقَالَ : أَلَا أَرَاكُمْ ؟ قَالُوا : مَا كُنَّا نَتَفَرَّقُ حَتَّى تُبَيِّنَ لَنَا مَا قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَقَالَ - رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ - : وَمَا أَصَابَكُمْ مِنْ مُصِيبَةٍ فَبِمَا كَسَبَتْ أَيْدِيكُمْ وَيَعْفُو عَنْ كَثِيرٍ فَمَا عَفَا اللهُ تَعَالَى عَنْهُ فَلَنْ يَرْجِعَ ، وَهِيَ فِي حم عسق .
3704 \ 2 - أَخْبَرَنَا يَزِيدُ ابْنُ أَبِي حَكِيمٍ الْعَدَنِيُّ ، ثَنَا الْحَكَمُ بْنُ أَبَانَ ، قَالَ : سَمِعْتُ ذِيابَ بْنَ مُرَّةَ يَقُولُ : بَيْنَمَا عَلِيٌّ - رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ - مَعَ أَصْحَابِهِ يُحَدِّثُهُمْ ، إِذْ قَالَ لَهُمْ : سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ثُمَّ قَامَ وَلَمْ يُبَيِّنْ ، ثُمَّ عَطَفَ - رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ - ، فَقَالَ : أَلَا أَرَاكُمْ ؟ قَالُوا : مَا كُنَّا نَتَفَرَّقُ حَتَّى تُبَيِّنَ لَنَا مَا قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَقَالَ - رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ - : وَمَا أَصَابَكُمْ مِنْ مُصِيبَةٍ فَبِمَا كَسَبَتْ أَيْدِيكُمْ وَيَعْفُو عَنْ كَثِيرٍ فَمَا عَفَا اللهُ تَعَالَى عَنْهُ فَلَنْ يَرْجِعَ ، وَهِيَ فِي حم عسق .
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) that he said: I heard the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) recite a verse and then explain it, and (concerning it he, peace and blessings be upon him, said:) "I would not love to have the world and all that is in it in exchange for this verse." Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) recited: "And whatever calamity befalls you is because of what your own hands have earned (your deeds), and He pardons much (of your sins)" [Surah al-Shura: 30]. Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whoever Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, seizes for his sin in this very world (that is, punishes him for it), Allah, Majestic and Exalted, is far too generous to bring that same punishment back upon him in the Hereafter; and whoever Allah Almighty pardons in this world, Allah is far too generous to pardon him in this world and then hold him to account in the Hereafter." According to another chain, Dhiyab bin Murrah relates that Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) was sitting with his companions narrating hadith to them when suddenly he said: "I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)" and then he stood up without explaining. Then he (may Allah be pleased with him) turned back and said: "Do I still see you (here)?" They said: "We were not going to leave until you explained to us the saying of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)." Then he (may Allah be pleased with him) recited: "And whatever calamity befalls you is because of what your own hands have earned, and He pardons much" [Surah al-Shura: 30], and said: "So whatever (sin) Allah Almighty has pardoned, He will not go back (on His pardon); and this verse is in Surah Ha Mim Ain Sin Qaf (al-Shura)."
Imam Ishaq bin Rahwayh related this report in his Musnad through the routes of Isa bin Yunus and Yazid bin Abi Hakim al-Adani.
Imam Ishaq bin Rahwayh related this report in his Musnad through the routes of Isa bin Yunus and Yazid bin Abi Hakim al-Adani.
وَقَالَ أَبُو يَعْلَى : قَرَأْتُ عَلَى الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ الطَّحَّانِ قَالَ : هُوَ مَا قَرَأْتُ عَلَى سَعِيدِ بْنِ خُثَيْمٍ ، عَنْ فُضَيْلِ بْنِ مَرْزُوقٍ الْكُوفِيِّ ، عَنْ عَطِيَّةَ ، عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ - رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ - قَالَ : لَمَّا نَزَلَتْ : وَآتِ ذَا الْقُرْبَى حَقَّهُ دَعَا رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَاطِمَةَ - رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا - ، وَأَعْطَاهَا فَدَكًا .
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Sa'id al-Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) that he related: "When this noble statement of Allah, the Blessed and Exalted, was revealed: 'And give the relatives their due' [Surah al-Isra: 26], the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) summoned Sayyidah Fatimah (may Allah be pleased with her) and granted her Fadak."
Imam Abu Ya'la recorded this report; however, because of the presence of the narrator Atiyyah al-Awfi in its chain, the hadith scholars have criticised its reliability, and it has been declared da'if (weak).
Imam Abu Ya'la recorded this report; however, because of the presence of the narrator Atiyyah al-Awfi in its chain, the hadith scholars have criticised its reliability, and it has been declared da'if (weak).
وَقَالَ مُسَدَّدٌ : حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى ، عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ ، عَنْ شَقِيقٍ ، عَنْ سَلَمَةَ بْنِ سَبْرَةَ ، قَالَ : خَطَبَنَا مُعَاذُ بْنُ جَبَلٍ - رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ - ، فَقَالَ : أَنْتُمُ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ ، وَأَنْتُمْ أَهْلُ الْجَنَّةِ ، وَإِنِّي لَأَطْمَعُ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ مَنْ تُصِيبُونَ مِنْ فَارِسَ وَالرُّومِ الْجَنَّةَ ، إِنَّ أَحَدَهُمْ إِذَا عَمِلَ عَمَلًا قُلْتُمْ : أَحْسَنْتَ ، يَرْحَمُكَ اللهُ ، أَحْسَنْتَ ، بَارَكَ اللهُ فِيكَ ، وَيَقُولُ اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ : وَيَسْتَجِيبُ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ وَيَزِيدُهُمْ مِنْ فَضْلِهِ .
It is narrated from Salamah bin Sabrah (may Allah have mercy on him) that Sayyiduna Mu'adh bin Jabal (may Allah be pleased with him) addressed us in a sermon and said: "You are the complete believers and you are the people of Paradise, and I strongly hope that those of Persia and Rome whom you gain (under the influence of Islam) will also enter Paradise, for when one of them does a good deed you say (in encouragement): 'Ahsanta, yarhamuka Allah' (You have done well, may Allah have mercy on you), and you say: 'Ahsanta, baraka Allahu fik' (You have done excellently, may Allah bless you). And Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, says: 'And He responds to those who believe and do righteous deeds, and gives them more out of His bounty' [Surah al-Shura: 26]."
Imam Musaddad related this statement in his Musnad, and there are supporting reports for it in other books of hadith.
Imam Musaddad related this statement in his Musnad, and there are supporting reports for it in other books of hadith.
وَقَالَ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مَنِيعٍ : حَدَّثَنَا هُشَيْمٌ ، ثَنَا دَاوُدُ ، عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ ، قَالَ : أَكْثَرَ النَّاسُ عَلَيْنَا فِي هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ : قُلْ لا أَسْأَلُكُمْ عَلَيْهِ أَجْرًا إِلا الْمَوَدَّةَ فِي الْقُرْبَى فَكَتَبْتُ إِلَى ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ - رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا - ، فَكَتَبَ إِلَيَّ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ - رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا - : إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَانَ وَاسِطَةَ النَّسَبِ فِي قُرَيْشٍ ، لَمْ يَكُنْ بَطْنٌ مِنْ بُطُونِهِمْ إِلَّا وَقَدْ وَلَدُوهُ ، فَأَنْزَلَ اللهُ تَعَالَى : قُلْ لا أَسْأَلُكُمْ عَلَيْهِ أَجْرًا إِلا الْمَوَدَّةَ إِلَى مَا أَدْعُوكُمْ إِلَيْهِ إِلَّا أَنْ تَوَدُّونِي لِقَرَابَتِي مِنْكُمْ ، وَتَحْفَظُونِي لَهَا .
صَحِيحٌ .
وَفِي الْبُخَارِيِّ مِنْ وَجْهٍ آخَرَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ - رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا - مَعْنَاهُ .
صَحِيحٌ .
وَفِي الْبُخَارِيِّ مِنْ وَجْهٍ آخَرَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ - رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا - مَعْنَاهُ .
It is narrated from Imam al-Sha'bi (may Allah have mercy on him) that he said: People questioned us a great deal about this verse: "Say: I do not ask you for any reward for it except affection due to kinship" [Surah al-Shura: 23]. So I wrote to Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) about it, and he wrote back to me: "Indeed, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was the central link of lineage among all the clans of Quraysh, and there was no tribe of Quraysh with which he (peace and blessings be upon him) did not have ties of kinship. So Allah Almighty revealed this verse: '(O Prophet, say to Quraysh:) I do not ask you for any reward for this call to which I invite you, except that you love me because of the kinship between me and you, and protect and support me for the sake of that kinship.'"
This hadith is sahih (authentic).
And in Sahih al-Bukhari this report is found with the same meaning through another route, also from Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both).
This hadith is sahih (authentic).
And in Sahih al-Bukhari this report is found with the same meaning through another route, also from Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both).
قَالَ أَبُو يَعْلَى : حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو طَالِبٍ عَبْدُ الْجَبَّارِ بْنُ عَاصِمٍ ، ثَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ يَحْيَى الْخُشَنِيُّ ، عَنْ أَبِي مُعَاوِيَةَ ، قَالَ : صَعِدَ عُمَرُ - رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ - الْمِنْبَرَ ، فَقَالَ : يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ ، هَلْ سَمِعَ أَحَدٌ مِنْكُمْ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يُفَسِّرُ : حم عسق ؟ فَوَثَبَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ - رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا - ، فَقَالَ لَنَا : قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : حم : اسْمٌ مِنْ أَسْمَاءِ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ قَالَ : فَعَيْنٌ ؟ قَالَ : عَايَنَ الْمُشْرِكُونَ عَذَابَ يَوْمِ بَدْرٍ قَالَ : فَسِينٌ ؟ قَالَ : وَسَيَعْلَمُ الَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوا أَيَّ مُنْقَلَبٍ يَنْقَلِبُونَ قَالَ : فَقَافٌ ؟ فَجَلَسَ ، فَسَكَتَ ، فَقَالَ عُمَرُ - رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ - : أَنْشُدُكُمْ بِاللهِ تَعَالَى ، هَلْ سَمِعَ أَحَدٌ مِنْكُمْ ؟ فَوَثَبَ أَبُو ذَرٍّ - رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ - ، فَقَالَ كَمَا قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ - رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا - قَالَ : فَقَافٌ ؟ قَالَ : قَارِعَةٌ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ تُصِيبُ النَّاسَ .
It is narrated from Abu Mu'awiyah (may Allah have mercy on him) that Sayyiduna Umar al-Faruq (may Allah be pleased with him) went up on the pulpit and called out: "O people! Has any of you heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) explaining the disjointed letters 'Ha Mim, Ain Sin Qaf' [Surah al-Shura: 1-2]?" Hearing this, Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) promptly stood up and said that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) told us: "'Ha Mim' is one of the names of Allah, the Mighty and Majestic." Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) asked: "Then what is meant by the letter 'Ain'?" He replied: "It refers to the moment when the polytheists saw the punishment of Allah with their own eyes on the day of the Battle of Badr." Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) asked: "Then what is the meaning of the letter 'Sin'?" He replied that it refers to this statement of Allah Almighty: "And those who have done wrong will soon come to know to what (dreadful) end they will return" [Surah al-Shu'ara: 227]. Then Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) asked: "Then what is the meaning of the letter 'Qaf'?" At this, Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) fell silent and sat down. Then Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said to those present: "I ask you by Allah Almighty: has anyone else also heard this from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)?" At this, Sayyiduna Abu Dharr al-Ghifari (may Allah be pleased with him) quickly stood up and gave the same explanation that Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) had given. Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) asked him too: "Then what is meant by the letter 'Qaf'?" He replied: "A calamity from the sky that will strike the people, that is, a dreadful, crashing calamity descending from the sky that will seize the people in its grip."
Imam Abu Ya'la al-Mawsili recorded this report in his Musnad; however, because of the weakness of the narrator al-Hasan bin Yahya al-Khushani in its chain and a break (inqita') in the chain, this report is very weak according to the hadith scholars.
Imam Abu Ya'la al-Mawsili recorded this report in his Musnad; however, because of the weakness of the narrator al-Hasan bin Yahya al-Khushani in its chain and a break (inqita') in the chain, this report is very weak according to the hadith scholars.
