المطالب العالية بزوائد المسانيد الثمانية
Al-Matalib al-'Aliyah
كتاب الإيمان والتوحيد
Book of Faith and Tawhid
بَابُ تعريف الإسلام والإيمان
Defining Islam and faith
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قَالَ مُسَدَّدٌ : حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ ، حَدَّثَنَا أَيُّوبُ ، عَنْ أَبِي قِلَابَةَ ، عَنْ رَجُلٍ مِنْ أَهْلِ الشَّامِ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ : قَالَ لِي رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : أَسْلِمْ تَسْلَمْ . قَالَ : يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ، وَمَا الْإِسْلَامُ ؟ قَالَ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : أَنْ تُسْلِمَ قَلْبَكَ لِلهِ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى ، وَيَسْلَمَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ مِنْ لِسَانِكَ وَيَدِكَ ، قَالَ : فَأَيُّ الْإِسْلَامِ أَفْضَلُ ؟ قَالَ : الْإِيمَانُ ، قَالَ : وَمَا الْإِيمَانُ ؟ قَالَ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : أَنْ تُؤْمِنَ بِاللهِ وَمَلَائِكَتِهِ ، وَكُتُبِهِ وَرُسُلِهِ ، وَبِالْبَعْثِ بَعْدَ الْمَوْتِ ، قَالَ : أَيُّ الْإِيمَانِ أَفْضَلُ ؟ قَالَ : الْهِجْرَةُ . قَالَ : وَمَا الْهِجْرَةُ ، قَالَ : أَنْ تَهْجُرَ الْمَأْثَمَ ، قَالَ : فَأَيُّ الْهِجْرَةِ أَفْضَلُ ؟ قَالَ : الْجِهَادُ ، قَالَ : وَمَا الْجِهَادُ ؟ قَالَ : أَنْ تُجَاهِدَ الْكُفَّارَ إِذَا رَأَيْتَهُمْ ، ثُمَّ لَا تَغُلَّ ، وَلَا تَجْبُنْ ، ثُمَّ عَمَلَانِ هُمَا مِنْ أَفْضَلِ الْأَعْمَالِ ، إِلَّا كَمِثْلِهِمَا حَجَّةٌ مَبْرُورَةٌ أَوْ عُمْرَةٌ .
2874 \ 2 - وَقَالَ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مَنِيعٍ : حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ ، فَذَكَرَهُ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ : مِنْ لِسَانِكَ وَيَدِكَ .
2874 \ 3 - وَقَالَ الْحَارِثُ : حَدَّثَنَا مُعَاوِيَةُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو إِسْحَاقَ ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ الثَّوْرِيُّ ، عَنْ أَيُّوبَ بِهِ ، إِلَى قَوْلِهِ : ثُمَّ لَا تَغُلَّ ، وَلَا تَجْبُنْ .
2874 \ 4 - وَقَالَ أَبُو يَعْلَى : حَدَّثَنَا جَعْفَرُ بْنُ مِهْرَانَ السَّبَّاكُ ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَارِثِ ، عَنْ أَيُّوبَ ، بِتَمَامِهِ ، وَزَادَ : وَالْبَعْثِ بَعْدَ الْمَوْتِ ، وَالْجَنَّةُ ، وَالنَّارُ .
2874 \ 2 - وَقَالَ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مَنِيعٍ : حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ ، فَذَكَرَهُ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ : مِنْ لِسَانِكَ وَيَدِكَ .
2874 \ 3 - وَقَالَ الْحَارِثُ : حَدَّثَنَا مُعَاوِيَةُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو إِسْحَاقَ ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ الثَّوْرِيُّ ، عَنْ أَيُّوبَ بِهِ ، إِلَى قَوْلِهِ : ثُمَّ لَا تَغُلَّ ، وَلَا تَجْبُنْ .
2874 \ 4 - وَقَالَ أَبُو يَعْلَى : حَدَّثَنَا جَعْفَرُ بْنُ مِهْرَانَ السَّبَّاكُ ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَارِثِ ، عَنْ أَيُّوبَ ، بِتَمَامِهِ ، وَزَادَ : وَالْبَعْثِ بَعْدَ الْمَوْتِ ، وَالْجَنَّةُ ، وَالنَّارُ .
A man from the people of Sham narrates from his father (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said to me: "Aslim taslam (Accept Islam and you will be safe)." He said: O Messenger of Allah, what is Islam? He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "That you surrender your heart to Allah, the Blessed and Exalted, and that other Muslims are safe from the harm of your tongue and your hand." He said: Which Islam is best? He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Faith." He asked: What is faith? He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "That you believe in Allah, His angels, His Books, His Messengers, and in being raised again after death." He said: Which faith is best? He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Hijrah (emigration)." He asked: What is Hijrah? He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "That you abandon sins and acts of disobedience." He said: Which Hijrah is best? He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Jihad." He said: What is jihad? He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "That when you meet the disbelievers, you fight them, and then you neither embezzle from the spoils of war nor show cowardice. Then there are two deeds that are among the very best of deeds, except for one who does (further) deeds like them: they are an accepted Hajj or an Umrah."
Imam Ahmad bin Mani' mentioned it through Isma'il up to "your tongue and your hand".
Imam al-Harith narrated it through Mu'awiyah bin Amr, Abu Ishaq and Sufyan al-Thawri, from Ayyub, up to "do not embezzle and do not show cowardice".
Imam Abu Ya'la related it in full through Ja'far bin Mihran and Abd al-Warith, from Ayyub, and added in it belief in "being raised again after death, Paradise and Hell".
Imam Ahmad bin Mani' mentioned it through Isma'il up to "your tongue and your hand".
Imam al-Harith narrated it through Mu'awiyah bin Amr, Abu Ishaq and Sufyan al-Thawri, from Ayyub, up to "do not embezzle and do not show cowardice".
Imam Abu Ya'la related it in full through Ja'far bin Mihran and Abd al-Warith, from Ayyub, and added in it belief in "being raised again after death, Paradise and Hell".
وَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ : حَدَّثَنَا حُسَيْنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ ، حَدَّثَنَا زَائِدَةُ ، عَنْ هِشَامٍ ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ ، عَنْ جَابِرٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ : قِيلَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَيُّ الْإِسْلَامِ أَفْضَلُ ؟ قَالَ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : مَنْ سَلِمَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ مِنْ لِسَانِهِ وَيَدِهِ ، قِيلَ : فَأَيُّ الْإِيمَانِ أَفْضَلُ ؟ قَالَ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : الصَّبْرُ وَالسَّمَاحَةُ ، قِيلَ : فَأَيُّ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَكْثَرُ إِيمَانًا ؟ قَالَ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : أَحْسَنُهُمْ خُلُقًا قِيلَ : فَأَيُّ الْجِهَادِ أَفْضَلُ ؟ قَالَ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : مَنْ نُحِرَ جَوَادُهُ وَأُهْرِيقَ دَمُهُ . قِيلَ : فَأَيُّ الصَّلَاةِ أَفْضَلُ ؟ قَالَ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : طُولُ الْقُنُوتِ ، قِيلَ : فَأَيُّ الصَّدَقَةِ أَفْضَلُ ؟ قَالَ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : جُهْدُ الْمُقِلِّ ، قِيلَ : فَأَيُّ الْهِجْرَةِ أَفْضَلُ ؟ قَالَ : أَنْ تَهْجُرَ مَا حَرَّمَ اللهُ عَلَيْكَ أَخْرَجُوهُ مُخْتَصَرًا .
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) that it was said to him (peace and blessings be upon him): O Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)! Which Islam (that is, which conduct of a Muslim) is best? He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The one from the harm of whose tongue and hand other Muslims are safe." It was asked: Then which faith is most excellent? He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Being patient, and acting with generosity and forbearance." It was said: Then which of the believers is most complete in faith? He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The one whose character is best." Then it was asked: Which jihad is most excellent? He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "That in which (the fighter's) horse is slain and his own blood is also shed (in the path of Allah)." It was said: Then which prayer is most excellent? He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The one with long standing." It was said: Then which charity is most excellent? He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The hard-earned effort of a person of little means, which he offers (sincerely) despite his hardship." It was said: Then which Hijrah is most excellent? He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "That you abandon everything that Allah has made forbidden for you."
The Imams of hadith narrated it in abridged form.
The Imams of hadith narrated it in abridged form.
وَقَالَ أَبُو يَعْلَى : حَدَّثَنَا عُبَيْدُ بْنُ جَنَّادٍ الْحَلَبِيُّ ، حَدَّثَنَا يُوسُفُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْمُنْكَدِرِ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، عَنْ جَابِرٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ : سُئِلَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنِ الْإِيمَانِ ، قَالَ : الصَّبْرُ وَالسَّمَاحَةُ .
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was asked about the reality of faith, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Faith is in essence 'al-sabr wal-samahah' (patience, and largeness of heart and tolerance)."
Imam Abu Ya'la recorded this hadith in his Musnad; its chain contains Yusuf bin Muhammad bin al-Munkadir, a da'if (weak) narrator, but on the basis of other supporting and corroborating narrations the meaning of this hadith is sound and established.
Imam Abu Ya'la recorded this hadith in his Musnad; its chain contains Yusuf bin Muhammad bin al-Munkadir, a da'if (weak) narrator, but on the basis of other supporting and corroborating narrations the meaning of this hadith is sound and established.
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا زَيْدُ بْنُ الْحُبَابِ ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَسْعَدَةَ ، عَنْ قَتَادَةَ ، عَنْ أَنَسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ : قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : الْإِسْلَامُ عَلَانِيَةٌ ، وَالْإِيمَانُ فِي الْقَلْبِ ثُمَّ يُشِيرُ بِيَدِهِ إِلَى صَدْرِهِ : التَّقْوَى هَاهُنَا ، التَّقْوَى هَاهُنَا .
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Islam is an open and outward reality, while the place of faith is the heart." Then he (peace and blessings be upon him), pointing with his blessed hand towards his noble chest, said: "Taqwa (God-consciousness) is here, taqwa is here."
Takhrij: Imam Ahmad recorded it in al-Musnad (12410) and Imam Abu Ya'la in (3042); the hadith scholars have criticised Ali bin Mas'adah al-Bahili for being alone in narrating it in its chain, but the basic meaning of this hadith is established by other authentic narrations of Sahih Muslim.
Takhrij: Imam Ahmad recorded it in al-Musnad (12410) and Imam Abu Ya'la in (3042); the hadith scholars have criticised Ali bin Mas'adah al-Bahili for being alone in narrating it in its chain, but the basic meaning of this hadith is established by other authentic narrations of Sahih Muslim.
وَقَالَ مُسَدَّدٌ : حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ دِينَارٍ ، عَنْ عُبَيْدِ بْنِ عُمَرَ قَالَ سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ : الْإِيمَانُ هُبُوبٌ .
It is narrated from Ubayd bin Umar (may Allah have mercy on him), (the narrator said): I heard him saying: "Faith (in its state) is like gusts and waves of wind (which are sometimes strong and sometimes faint)."
Imam Musaddad (may Allah have mercy on him) recorded this report in his Musnad.
Imam Musaddad (may Allah have mercy on him) recorded this report in his Musnad.
