المطالب العالية بزوائد المسانيد الثمانية
Al-Matalib al-'Aliyah
كتاب البيوع
Book of Sales
بَابُ اللقطة
Lost property (luqatah)
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قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ : حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو أُسَامَةَ ، حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو فَرْوَةَ ، حَدَّثَنِي عُرْوَةُ بْنُ رُوَيْمٍ اللَّخْمِيُّ ، عَنْ أَبِي ثَعْلَبَةَ الْخُشَنِيِّ ، قَالَ : وَلَقِيتُهُ وَكَلَّمْتُهُ ، قَالَ : قُلْتُ : يَا نَبِيَّ اللهِ ، الْوَرِقُ يُوجَدُ عِنْدَ الْقَرْيَةِ الْعَامِرَةِ أَوِ الطَّرِيقِ الْمَأْتِيِّ ؟ قَالَ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - : عَرِّفْهَا حَوْلًا ، فَإِنْ جَاءَ بَاغِيهَا فَادْفَعْهَا إِلَيْهِ ، وَإِلَّا فَاحْفَظْ وِعَاءَهَا وَوِكَاءَهَا وَعَدَدَهَا ، ثُمَّ اسْتَمْتِعْ بِهَا ، قَالَ : قُلْتُ : يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ، فِي الْوَرِقِ يُوجَدُ فِي الْأَرْضِ الْعَادِيَّةِ ؟ قَالَ : فِيهَا وَالرِّكَازِ الْخُمُسُ قَالَ : قُلْتُ : يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ، الشَّاةُ تُوجَدُ بِأَرْضِ فَلَاةٍ ؟ قَالَ : كُلْهَا ، فَإِنَّمَا هِيَ لَكَ أَوْ لِأَخِيكَ أَوْ لِلذِّئْبِ قَالَ : قُلْتُ : يَا نَبِيَّ اللهِ ، الْبَعِيرُ أَوِ النَّاقَةُ تُوجَدُ فِي أَرْضِ الْفَلَاةِ ، عَلَيْهَا الْوِعَاءُ وَالسِّقَاءُ ؟ فَقَالَ : دَعْهَا ، مَا لَكَ وَلَهَا ؟ .
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Tha'labah al-Khushani (may Allah be pleased with him); Urwah says: I met him (Abu Tha'labah) and spoke with him, and he said: I said: O Prophet of Allah! What is the ruling on silver (coins) found near an inhabited village or a frequented road? He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Announce it for a year; then, if the one looking for it comes, hand it over to him; otherwise, keep note of its container, its tie and its count, then make use of it." He said: I said: O Messenger of Allah! What is the ruling on silver found in land that has lain desolate since ancient pre-Islamic times? He said: "In it and in buried treasure (rikaz) there is a fifth (khums)." He said: I said: O Messenger of Allah! What is the ruling on a sheep found in desert land? He said: "Eat it (take it), for it is either yours, or your brother's, or else it will become food for the wolf." He said: I said: O Prophet of Allah! What about a camel or she-camel found in the desert, which has its own container and water-skin with it (that is, it is able to survive)? He said: "Leave it; what have you to do with it?"
وَقَالَ عَبْدُ بْنُ حُمَيْدٍ : حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ بَكْرٍ السَّهْمِيُّ ، ثَنَا فَائِدٌ أَبُو الْوَرْقَاءِ ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ أَبِي أَوْفَى الْأَسْلَمِيِّ - رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ - قَالَ : خَرَجْتُ فَإِذَا رَسُولُ اللهِ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرُ - رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا - قُعُودًا ، وَإِذَا غُلَامٌ صَغِيرٌ يَبْكِي ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - لِعُمَرَ - رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ - : ضُمَّ الصَّبِيَّ إِلَيْكَ ، فَإِنَّهُ ضَالٌّ ، فَضَمَّهُ عُمَرُ - رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ - إِلَيْهِ ... الْحَدِيثَ .
( 55 ) وَسَيَأْتِي - إِنْ شَاءَ اللهُ تَعَالَى - بِتَمَامِهِ فِي كِتَابِ الْأَدَبِ .
( 55 ) وَسَيَأْتِي - إِنْ شَاءَ اللهُ تَعَالَى - بِتَمَامِهِ فِي كِتَابِ الْأَدَبِ .
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abi Awfa al-Aslami (may Allah be pleased with him) that he said: I went out and saw that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), Sayyiduna Abu Bakr and Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) were sitting, and a small boy was crying. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said to Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him): "Hold the boy close to you, for he is lost." So Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) held him close to himself (and so on, the complete) hadith.
And, Allah Almighty willing, this hadith will come later with all its details in the Book of Manners (Kitab al-Adab).
And, Allah Almighty willing, this hadith will come later with all its details in the Book of Manners (Kitab al-Adab).
وَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ : حَدَّثَنَا وَكِيعٌ ، عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ أَوْسٍ ، عَنْ بِلَالِ بْنِ يَحْيَى الْعَبْسِيِّ ، عَنْ عَلِيٍّ - رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ - أَنَّهُ الْتَقَطَ دِينَارًا ، فَقَطَعَ مِنْهُ قِيرَاطَيْنِ ، ثُمَّ أَتَى فَاطِمَةَ - رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا - فَقَالَ : اصْنَعِي لَنَا طَعَامًا ، ثُمَّ انْطَلَقَ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - فَدَعَاهُ ، فَأَتَاهُ وَمَنْ مَعَهُ ، فَأَتَاهُمْ بِحَفْنَةٍ ، فَلَمَّا رَآهَا النَّبِيُّ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - أَنْكَرَهَا ، فَقَالَ : مَا هَذَا ؟ فَأَخْبَرَهُ ، فَقَالَ : أُلْقُطْهُ أُلْقُطْهُ ، عَلَيَّ الْقِيرَاطَانِ ، ضَعُوا أَيْدِيَكُمْ بِاسْمِ اللهِ .
هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ ، أَخْرَجَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ مِنْهُ طَرَفًا قَصِيرًا .
هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ ، أَخْرَجَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ مِنْهُ طَرَفًا قَصِيرًا .
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) that he picked up a dinar (from the road), then cut from it (gold worth) two qirats; then he came to Sayyidah Fatimah (may Allah be pleased with her) and said: "Prepare some food for us." Then he went to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and invited him, so he (peace and blessings be upon him) came along with those who were with him. Then Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) brought them food in a large bowl. When the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) saw it, he expressed disapproval of it and asked: "What is this?" So Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) told him the details, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Keep it safe (as a found item), keep it safe; those two qirats are upon me." And he said: "All of you, put forth your hands with 'Bismillah' (In the name of Allah)." This hadith is hasan (good), and Imam Abu Dawud recorded a short part of it.
وَقَالَ أَبُو يَعْلَى : حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ بْنُ وَكِيعٍ ، ثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَكْرٍ ، عَنِ ابْنِ جُرَيْجٍ ، أَخْبَرَنِي أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ ، قَالَ : إِنَّ شَرِيكَ بْنَ أَبِي نَمِرٍ ، حَدَّثَهُ عَنْ عَطَاءِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ ، عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ - رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ - عَنِ النَّبِيِّ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - قَالَ : إِنَّ عَلِيًّا - رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ - أَتَاهُ بِدِينَارٍ وَجَدَهُ فِي السُّوقِ ، فَقَالَ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - : عَرِّفْهُ ثَلَاثًا ، فَعَرَّفَهُ ، فَلَمْ يَجِدْ مَنْ يَعْرِفُهُ ، فَرَجَعَ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - فَأَخْبَرَهُ ، فَقَالَ : كُلْهُ ، أَوْ شَأْنَكَ بِهِ ، فَابْتَاعَ مِنْهُ بِثَلَاثَةِ دَرَاهِمَ شَعِيرًا ، وَبِثَلَاثَةِ دَرَاهِمَ تَمْرًا ، وَابْتَاعَ بِدِرْهَمٍ لَحْمًا ، وَبِدِرْهَمٍ زَيْتًا ، وَفَضَلَ عِنْدَهُ دِرْهَمٌ - وَكَانَ الصَّرْفُ أَحَدَ عَشَرَ بِدِينَارٍ - حَتَّى إِذَا كَانَ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ جَاءَ صَاحِبُهُ فَعَرَفَهُ ، فَقَالَ لَهُ عَلِيٌّ - رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ - : أَمَرَنِي رَسُولُ اللهِ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - فَذَكَرَ ذَلِكَ لَهُ ، فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - : إِنْ جَاءَنَا شَيْءٌ أَدَّيْنَاهُ إِلَيْكَ .
1479 \ 2 - تَابَعَهُ يَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ الْأُمَوِيُّ ، عَنِ ابْنِ جُرَيْجٍ . أَخْرَجَهُ الْبَزَّارُ ، وَقَالَ : أَبُو بَكْرٍ هَذَا عِنْدِي هُوَ ابْنُ أَبِي سَبْرَةَ ، وَهُوَ لَيِّنُ الْحَدِيثِ . قُلْتُ : وَقَدْ ظَنَّ الْحَافِظُ الضِّيَاءُ أَنَّهُ غَيْرُهُ ، فَأَخْرَجَ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ فِي الْمُخْتَارَةِ .
1479 \ 2 - تَابَعَهُ يَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ الْأُمَوِيُّ ، عَنِ ابْنِ جُرَيْجٍ . أَخْرَجَهُ الْبَزَّارُ ، وَقَالَ : أَبُو بَكْرٍ هَذَا عِنْدِي هُوَ ابْنُ أَبِي سَبْرَةَ ، وَهُوَ لَيِّنُ الْحَدِيثِ . قُلْتُ : وَقَدْ ظَنَّ الْحَافِظُ الضِّيَاءُ أَنَّهُ غَيْرُهُ ، فَأَخْرَجَ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ فِي الْمُخْتَارَةِ .
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Sa'id al-Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) that Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) with a dinar that he had found in the market. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Announce it for three days." He announced it but found no one who recognised it; then he returned to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and informed him, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Use it, or do with it as you see fit." So he bought with it three dirhams' worth of barley, three dirhams' worth of dates, a dirham's worth of meat and a dirham's worth of oil, and one dirham remained; at that time a dinar was worth eleven dirhams. Later its owner came and recognised it, and Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) told him: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) instructed me (to do so). The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "If something comes to us, we will pay it to you." Clarification: Yahya bin Sa'id al-Umawi corroborated this narration from Ibn Jurayj; Imam al-Bazzar recorded it and said: In my view, this (Abu Bakr) is Ibn Abi Sabrah, who is layyin al-hadith (soft in hadith).
I (Ibn Hajar) say: Al-Hafiz al-Diya' thought he was someone else, and so he recorded this hadith in al-Mukhtarah.
I (Ibn Hajar) say: Al-Hafiz al-Diya' thought he was someone else, and so he recorded this hadith in al-Mukhtarah.
وَقَالَ أَبُو يَعْلَى أَيْضًا : حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو كُرَيْبٍ ، ثَنَا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ ، حَدَّثَتْنِي أُمُّ عَبْدِ اللهِ بِنْتُ نَابِلٍ وَاسْمُهَا عُبَيْدَةُ ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ بِنْتِ سَعْدٍ ، عَنْ أَبِيهَا سَعْدٍ - رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ - قَالَ : كُنْتُ أَمْشِي مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - فَوَجَدَ ثُفْرُوقَةً فِيهَا تَمْرَتَانِ ، فَأَخَذَ تَمْرَةً وَأَعْطَانِي تَمْرَةً .
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Sa'd (may Allah be pleased with him) that he said: "I was walking with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) when he (peace and blessings be upon him) found a date stalk with two dates on it; so he (peace and blessings be upon him) took one date himself and gave one date to me."
مُسَدَّدٌ : حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى ، عَنْ شُعْبَةَ ، عَنْ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ الْأَعْرَجِ جَارٍ لَهُ ، قَالَ : سَمِعْتُ ابْنَ عُمَرَ - رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا - يَقُولُ فِي اللُّقَطَةِ : ادْفَعُوهَا إِلَى السُّلْطَانِ .
It is narrated from Abu Hamzah al-A'raj that he said: I heard Sayyiduna Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) say regarding a found item (luqatah): "Hand it over to the ruler (sultan)."
حَدَّثَنَا الْمُعْتَمِرُ ، قَالَ : سَمِعْتُ عُبَيْدَ اللهِ بْنَ عُمَرَ يُحَدِّثُ عَنْ أَيُّوبَ بْنِ مُوسَى ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، أَوْ عَنْ رَجُلٍ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، أَنَّهُ قَالَ لِعُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ - رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ - : إِنِّي وَجَدْتُ دِينَارًا فَالْتَقَطْتُهُ ، حَتَّى بَلَغْتُ مِائَةَ دِينَارٍ ، قَالَ : عَرِّفْهَا سَنَةً . فَعَرَّفَهَا سَنَةً ، ثُمَّ أَتَاهُ ، فَقَالَ : عَرِّفْهَا سَنَةً ، ثُمَّ أَتَاهُ فِي الثَّالِثَةِ ، فَقَالَ : عَرِّفْهَا ، ثُمَّ شَأْنَكَ وَشَأْنَهَا .
It is narrated from Ayyub bin Musa, from his father, or from a man, from his father, that he said to Sayyiduna Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him): I found a dinar and picked it up, until I had reached a hundred dinars. He said: "Announce it (publicly) for a year." So he announced it for a year, then came to him, and he said again: "Announce it for a year." Then he came to him the third time, and he said: "Announce it, then it is up to you what you do with it (that is, you then have full discretion over it)."
وَقَالَ أَبُو يَعْلَى : حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبَّادٍ ، ثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ مَسْمُولٍ ، قَالَ : سَمِعْتُ قَاسِمَ بْنَ مُخَوَّلٍ الْبَهْزِيَّ ، قَالَ : سَمِعْتُ أَبِي - وَكَانَ قَدْ أَدْرَكَ الْجَاهِلِيَّةَ وَالْإِسْلَامَ - قَالَ : قُلْتُ : يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ، نَلْقَى الْإِبِلَ وَبِهَا لَبَنٌ ، وَهِيَ مُصَرَّاةٌ ، وَنَحْنُ مُحْتَاجُونَ ؟ قَالَ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - : نَادِ صَاحِبَ الْإِبِلِ ثَلَاثًا ، فَإِنْ جَاءَ وَإِلَّا فَاحْلُلْ صِرَارَهَا ثُمَّ اشْرَبْ ، ثُمَّ صُرَّ وَأَبْقِ لِلَّبَنِ ذَوَاعِيَهُ ، قُلْتُ : يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ، الضَّوَالُّ تَرِدُ عَلَيْنَا ، هَلْ لَنَا أَجْرٌ أَنْ نَسْقِيَهَا ؟ قَالَ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - : نَعَمْ ، فِي كُلِّ ذَاتِ كَبِدٍ حَرَّاءَ أَجْرٌ .
It is narrated from Mukhawwal al-Bahzi, who had lived through both the pre-Islamic era and Islam, that he said: I said: O Messenger of Allah! We come across camels (on the road) whose udders are full of milk and are tied to hold the milk in, while we are in need (and hungry)? He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Call out to the owner of the camels three times; if he comes (then ask his permission), otherwise untie its udder-binding and drink, then tie it back and leave some milk in the udder to draw down more milk." I said: O Messenger of Allah! Stray animals come to us; will we have any reward for giving them water? He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Yes, there is a reward in (giving water to) every creature with a living liver."
