المطالب العالية بزوائد المسانيد الثمانية
Al-Matalib al-'Aliyah
كتاب الطهارة
Book of Purification
بَابُ الْوُضُوءِ مِمَّا غَيَّرَتِ النَّارُ وَبَيَانِ نَسْخِهِ
Wudu from what has been touched by fire, and its abrogation
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قَالَ مُسَدَّدٌ : حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عَرُوبَةَ ، عَنْ قَتَادَةَ ، أَنَّ أَنَسَ بْنَ مَالِكٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ ، كَانَ يَتَوَضَّأُ مِمَّا غَيَّرَتِ النَّارُ ، وَيُحَدِّثُ " أَنَّ أَبَا طَلْحَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ تَوَضَّأَ مِمَّا غَيَّرَتِ النَّارُ " .
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) that he used to perform ablution after consuming things that fire had altered (by cooking), and he would also mention: "Sayyiduna Abu Talhah (may Allah be pleased with him) also performed ablution after eating something that fire had altered (that is, cooked)."
The chain of this report (athar) is sahih (authentic), and it is understood to refer to the early ruling of ablution after eating things cooked by fire, which was later abrogated.
The chain of this report (athar) is sahih (authentic), and it is understood to refer to the early ruling of ablution after eating things cooked by fire, which was later abrogated.
وَقَالَ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مَنِيعٍ :
حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ ، ثَنَا أَيُّوبُ ، عَنْ أَبِي قِلَابَةَ ، قَالَ : أَتَيْتُ أَنَسًا رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ فَلَمْ أَجِدْهُ ، فَقَعَدْتُ حَتَّى جَاءَ ، فَجَاءَ وَهُوَ مُغْضَبٌ ، فَقُلْتُ لَهُ فَقَالَ : " كُنَّا عِنْدَ هَذَا يَعْنِي الْحَجَّاجَ فَأُتِيَ بِطَعَامٍ فَأَكَلُوا ، ثُمَّ قَامُوا فَصَلَّوْا وَلَمْ يَتَوَضَّؤُوا ، فَقُلْتُ : أَوَمَا كُنْتُمْ تَفْعَلُونَ هَذَا ؟ " فَقَالَ : لَا ، مَا كُنَّا نَفْعَلُهُ .
125 \ 2 - حَدَّثَنَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ هَارُونَ ، أَنَا سُلَيْمَانُ التَّيْمِيُّ ، عَنْ أَبِي قِلَابَةَ ، فَذَكَرَهُ ، وَقَالَ فِيهِ : رَأَيْتُ أَنَسَ بْنَ مَالِكٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ خَبِيثَ النَّفْسِ ، فَقُلْتُ : أَرَاكَ خَبِيثَ النَّفْسِ ؟ قَالَ : " وَمَا لِي لَا أَكُونُ خَبِيثَ النَّفْسِ وَقَدْ خَرَجْتُ مِنْ عِنْدِ هَؤُلَاءِ آنِفًا وَقَدْ أَكَلُوا خُبْزًا وَلَحْمًا وَصَلَّوْا وَلَمْ يَتَوَضَّؤُوا " .
حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ ، ثَنَا أَيُّوبُ ، عَنْ أَبِي قِلَابَةَ ، قَالَ : أَتَيْتُ أَنَسًا رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ فَلَمْ أَجِدْهُ ، فَقَعَدْتُ حَتَّى جَاءَ ، فَجَاءَ وَهُوَ مُغْضَبٌ ، فَقُلْتُ لَهُ فَقَالَ : " كُنَّا عِنْدَ هَذَا يَعْنِي الْحَجَّاجَ فَأُتِيَ بِطَعَامٍ فَأَكَلُوا ، ثُمَّ قَامُوا فَصَلَّوْا وَلَمْ يَتَوَضَّؤُوا ، فَقُلْتُ : أَوَمَا كُنْتُمْ تَفْعَلُونَ هَذَا ؟ " فَقَالَ : لَا ، مَا كُنَّا نَفْعَلُهُ .
125 \ 2 - حَدَّثَنَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ هَارُونَ ، أَنَا سُلَيْمَانُ التَّيْمِيُّ ، عَنْ أَبِي قِلَابَةَ ، فَذَكَرَهُ ، وَقَالَ فِيهِ : رَأَيْتُ أَنَسَ بْنَ مَالِكٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ خَبِيثَ النَّفْسِ ، فَقُلْتُ : أَرَاكَ خَبِيثَ النَّفْسِ ؟ قَالَ : " وَمَا لِي لَا أَكُونُ خَبِيثَ النَّفْسِ وَقَدْ خَرَجْتُ مِنْ عِنْدِ هَؤُلَاءِ آنِفًا وَقَدْ أَكَلُوا خُبْزًا وَلَحْمًا وَصَلَّوْا وَلَمْ يَتَوَضَّؤُوا " .
Abu Qilabah relates: I went to Sayyiduna Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) but he was not there, so I sat waiting until he came. He came in a state of great anger. I asked him the reason for it, and he said: "We were with this man, that is, al-Hajjaj. Food was brought and they all ate, then they got up and prayed without performing a fresh ablution (after eating something cooked on fire). I asked him: Did you people not use to do this before? He said: No, we did not use to do it."
In another chain it is narrated from Imam Abu Qilabah: I saw Sayyiduna Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) in a very heavy and troubled mood, so I said: What is the matter? I see you distressed. He said: "Why should I not be grieved, when I have just now come away from those people who ate bread and meat and then prayed without performing ablution?"
In another chain it is narrated from Imam Abu Qilabah: I saw Sayyiduna Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) in a very heavy and troubled mood, so I said: What is the matter? I see you distressed. He said: "Why should I not be grieved, when I have just now come away from those people who ate bread and meat and then prayed without performing ablution?"
وَقَالَ مُسَدَّدٌ : حَدَّثَنَا الْمُعْتَمِرُ ، سَمِعْتُ أَبِي يَقُولُ : حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو عُثْمَانَ ، عَنْ رَجُلٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ : " تَوَضَّؤُوا ، وَالْوُضُوءُ مِمَّا غَيَّرَتِ النَّارُ ، وَمِمَّا يَخْرُجُ مِنْ بَيْنِ فَرْثٍ وَدَمٍ " .
It is narrated from one of the Companions of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) (may Allah be pleased with him) that he said: "Perform ablution; ablution is (required) after (eating) all those things that fire has altered (that is, cooked on fire), and also after those things that come out "from between excretion and blood" [Surah al-Nahl: 66]."
This narration indicates that ablution is obligatory after consuming things cooked on fire; however, according to the majority of the hadith scholars and jurists this ruling is abrogated, because the last practice of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) is established as not performing ablution after things cooked on fire. Moreover, rinsing the mouth after drinking milk is Sunnah, not an obligatory ablution.
This narration indicates that ablution is obligatory after consuming things cooked on fire; however, according to the majority of the hadith scholars and jurists this ruling is abrogated, because the last practice of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) is established as not performing ablution after things cooked on fire. Moreover, rinsing the mouth after drinking milk is Sunnah, not an obligatory ablution.
حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْمُبَارَكِ ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ أَبِي كَثِيرٍ ، عَنْ مَحْمُودِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو ، عَنْ خَالَتِهِ ، أَوْ عَمَّتِهِ - شَكَّ يَحْيَى - وَكَانَتِ امْرَأَةَ زَيْدِ بْنِ ثَابِتٍ ، قَالَتْ : " إِنَّ زَيْدَ بْنَ ثَابِتٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ كَانَ يَتَوَضَّأُ مِمَّا غَيَّرَتِ النَّارُ " .
Mahmud bin Amr narrates from his maternal aunt or his paternal aunt (the narrator Yahya was in doubt about this), who was the wife of Sayyiduna Zayd bin Thabit (may Allah be pleased with him); she relates: "Indeed, Sayyiduna Zayd bin Thabit (may Allah be pleased with him) used to perform ablution after eating anything that fire had altered (that is, he would perform ablution after eating food cooked on fire)."
This narration reflects the juristic position in which ablution after consuming things cooked on fire was considered necessary or recommended, although according to the majority of the Companions and Imams this ruling was later abrogated.
This narration reflects the juristic position in which ablution after consuming things cooked on fire was considered necessary or recommended, although according to the majority of the Companions and Imams this ruling was later abrogated.
وَقَالَ إِسْحَاقُ : أَنَا الْعَقَدِيُّ ، ثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي حُمَيْدٍ ، عَنْ هِنْدَ بِنْتِ سَعِيدِ بْنِ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ ، عَنْ عَمَّتِهَا ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ " أَكَلَ مِنْ كَتِفِ شَاةٍ ، ثُمَّ صَلَّى وَلَمْ يَتَوَضَّأْ " .
قُلْتُ : أَظُنُّهُ مُرْسَلًا ، وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي حُمَيْدٍ ضَعِيفٌ .
قُلْتُ : أَظُنُّهُ مُرْسَلًا ، وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي حُمَيْدٍ ضَعِيفٌ .
Hind bint Sa'id bin Abi Sa'id al-Khudri narrates from her paternal aunt that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) "ate meat from the shoulder of a sheep, then he (peace and blessings be upon him) prayed and did not perform (a fresh) ablution (on account of eating cooked meat)."
I (Ibn Hajar) say: I think this narration is mursal; moreover, its narrator Muhammad bin Abi Humayd is da'if (weak).
I (Ibn Hajar) say: I think this narration is mursal; moreover, its narrator Muhammad bin Abi Humayd is da'if (weak).
حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى ، عَنْ شُعْبَةَ ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ مُرَّةَ ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ : " لَوْ أَكَلْتُ لَحْمًا ، وَشَرِبْتُ لَبَنَ اللِّقَاحِ ، ثُمَّ أُصَلِّي وَلَمْ أَتَوَضَّأْ مَا بَالَيْتُ أَنْ لَا أُمَضْمِضَ فَمِي وَأَغْسِلَ يَدَيَّ مِنْ غَمْرِ الطَّعَامِ " .
صَحِيحٌ مَوْقُوفٌ .
صَحِيحٌ مَوْقُوفٌ .
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) that he said: "If I were to eat meat and drink the milk of milch she-camels, then pray in that state (without performing a fresh ablution), I would not care in the least if I did not rinse my mouth nor clean my hands of the grease and smell of the food."
Sahih (authentic), mawquf.
Sahih (authentic), mawquf.
حَدَّثَنَا عِيسَى ، ثَنَا الْأَوْزَاعِيُّ ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ أَبِي كَثِيرٍ ، قَالَ : إِنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ دَخَلَ عَلَى ابْنَتِهِ فَاطِمَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا ، فَقَرَّبَتْ إِلَيْهِ لَحْمًا فَأَكَلَ ، فَلَمَّا قَامَ أَخَذَتْ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا بِرِدَائِهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَتْ : أَلَا تَتَوَضَّأُ ؟ فَقَالَ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " مِمَّ يَا بُنَيَّةُ ؟ " فَقَالَتْ رَضِيَ اللهُ تَعَالَى عَنْهَا : مِمَّا غَيَّرَتِ النَّارُ . فَقَالَ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " أَوَلَيْسَ أَطْهَرُ طَعَامِنَا مِمَّا غَيَّرَتِ النَّارُ ؟ " .
رَوَاهُ أَحْمَدُ ، وَالْحَارِثُ ، وَأَبُو يَعْلَى مِنْ وَجْهٍ آخَرَ ، عَنْ فَاطِمَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا مَوْصُولًا .
رَوَاهُ أَحْمَدُ ، وَالْحَارِثُ ، وَأَبُو يَعْلَى مِنْ وَجْهٍ آخَرَ ، عَنْ فَاطِمَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا مَوْصُولًا .
It is narrated from Yahya bin Abi Kathir that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) visited his daughter Sayyidah Fatimah (may Allah be pleased with her), and she placed meat before him (peace and blessings be upon him), which he (peace and blessings be upon him) ate. Then, when he (peace and blessings be upon him) was about to get up (to leave), Sayyidah Fatimah (may Allah be pleased with her) took hold of his (peace and blessings be upon him) blessed cloak and said: "Will you not perform ablution?" The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) asked: "O my dear daughter, for what reason (should I perform ablution)?" She said: "Because of this food that fire has altered (that is, cooked)." At that he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Is not our purest food that which fire has cooked and prepared?"
Imam Ahmad, al-Harith and Abu Ya'la narrated it through another route from Sayyidah Fatimah (may Allah be pleased with her) with a connected chain.
Imam Ahmad, al-Harith and Abu Ya'la narrated it through another route from Sayyidah Fatimah (may Allah be pleased with her) with a connected chain.
قَالَ أَبُو يَعْلَى : حَدَّثَنَا الْجَرَّاحُ بْنُ مَخْلَدٍ ، ثَنَا مُوسَى بْنُ دَاوُدَ ، حَدَّثَنَا حُسَامُ بْنُ مِصَكٍّ ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِيرِينَ ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ، عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ ، قَالَ : " إِنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ نَهَسَ مِنْ كَتِفٍ ، ثُمَّ صَلَّى وَلَمْ يَتَوَضَّأْ " .
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him) that he said: "Indeed, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) bit off a piece of meat from a (cooked sheep's) shoulder with his teeth and ate it, then he (peace and blessings be upon him) prayed without performing a (fresh) ablution (on account of eating something cooked on fire)."
Musnad Abi Ya'la: 131. The narrator in the chain of this narration, Hussam bin Missak, is da'if (weak); however, the meaning that ablution is not obligatory after eating something cooked on fire is established by other sahih and reliable hadith.
Musnad Abi Ya'la: 131. The narrator in the chain of this narration, Hussam bin Missak, is da'if (weak); however, the meaning that ablution is not obligatory after eating something cooked on fire is established by other sahih and reliable hadith.
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الرَّبِيعِ الزَّهْرَانِيُّ ، ثَنَا جَعْفَرُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ ، عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ أَبِي هِنْدٍ ، عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ الْهَاشِمِيِّ ، حَدَّثَتْنَا صَفِيَّةُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا قَالَتْ : دَخَلَ عَلَيَّ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَرَّبْتُ إِلَيْهِ كَتِفًا بَارِدًا ، فَكُنْتُ أَسْحَاهَا ، فَأَكَلَهَا ، ثُمَّ قَامَ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَصَلَّى .
It is narrated from Sayyidah Safiyyah (may Allah be pleased with her) that she said: "The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) came to my home, and I presented to him (peace and blessings be upon him) cold meat of a (sheep's) shoulder; I was preparing it for him (peace and blessings be upon him) by scraping it off the bone and cleaning it. So he (peace and blessings be upon him) ate it, and then (without performing a fresh ablution after eating something cooked on fire) stood up and prayed."
Imam al-Tirmidhi narrated this hadith in 'al-Shama'il al-Muhammadiyyah' (171), as did Imam Ahmad bin Hanbal (26391) and Imam al-Nasa'i (184). Regarding the narrator in its chain, Ishaq al-Hashimi, the Imams have voiced criticism about his reliability; however, the ruling that eating something cooked on fire does not break ablution is established by other most authentic hadith.
Imam al-Tirmidhi narrated this hadith in 'al-Shama'il al-Muhammadiyyah' (171), as did Imam Ahmad bin Hanbal (26391) and Imam al-Nasa'i (184). Regarding the narrator in its chain, Ishaq al-Hashimi, the Imams have voiced criticism about his reliability; however, the ruling that eating something cooked on fire does not break ablution is established by other most authentic hadith.
قَالَ : وَحَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْغَفَّارِ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ ، ثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُسْهِرٍ ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو ، عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ : " نَشَلْتُ لِرَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَتِفًا مِنْ قِدْرِ الْعَبَّاسِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ فَأَكَلَهَا ، وَقَامَ فَصَلَّى وَلَمْ يَتَوَضَّأْ "
133 \ 2 - وَقَالَ الْبَزَّارُ : حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ أَبَانَ ، ثَنَا عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ ، عَنْ سُهَيْلٍ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ - نَحْوَهُ .
133 \ 2 - وَقَالَ الْبَزَّارُ : حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ أَبَانَ ، ثَنَا عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ ، عَنْ سُهَيْلٍ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ - نَحْوَهُ .
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) that he said: "I took out a shoulder (foreleg) of meat for the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) from the cooking pot of Sayyiduna al-Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him), and he (peace and blessings be upon him) ate it; then he (peace and blessings be upon him) stood up for prayer and did not perform ablution (again on account of eating something cooked on fire)."
And Imam al-Bazzar (may Allah have mercy on him) narrated a hadith like it with his chain from Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him).
And Imam al-Bazzar (may Allah have mercy on him) narrated a hadith like it with his chain from Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him).
