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المطالب العالية بزوائد المسانيد الثمانية
Al-Matalib al-'Aliyah
كتاب الحدود
Book of Prescribed Punishments
بَابُ تَحْرِيمِ دَمِ المسلم وعرضه
Chapter: The sanctity of a Muslim's blood and honour
Al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 1793 — The sanctity of a Muslim's blood
اُردوEn
وَقَالَ أَبُو يَعْلَى : حَدَّثَنَا زُهَيْرٌ ، ثَنَا عُبَيْدُ اللهِ الْحَنَفِيُّ ، ثَنَا عُبَيْدُ اللهِ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ مَوْهَبٍ قَالَ : سَمِعْتُ مَالِكَ بْنَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ ، يُحَدِّثُ عَنْ عَمْرَةَ ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ قَالَتْ : وَجَدْتُ فِي قَائِمِ سَيْفِ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كِتَابًا : " إِنَّ مِنْ أَشَدِّ النَّاسِ عُتُوًّا مَنْ ضَرَبَ غَيْرَ ضَارِبِهِ ، وَرَجُلٌ قَتَلَ غَيْرَ قَاتِلِهِ ، وَرَجُلٌ تَوَلَّى غَيْرَ أَهْلِ نِعْمَتِهِ ; فَمَنْ فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ فَقَدْ كَفَرَ بِاللهِ وَرَسُولِهِ ، وَلَا يَقْبَلُ اللهُ مِنْهُ صَرْفًا وَلَا عَدْلًا .
وَفِي الْآخَرِ : الْمُؤْمِنُونَ تَكَافَأُ دِمَاؤُهُمْ وَأَمْوَالُهُمْ ، يَسْعَى بِذِمَّتِهِمْ أَدْنَاهُمْ ، لَا يُقْتَلُ مُسْلِمٌ بِكَافِرٍ ، وَلَا ذُو عَهْدٍ فِي عَهْدِهِ ، وَلَا يَتَوَارَثُ أَهْلُ مِلَّتَيْنِ ، وَلَا تُنْكَحُ الْمَرْأَةُ عَلَى عَمَّتِهَا وَلَا عَلَى خَالَتِهَا ، وَلَا صَلَاةَ بَعْدَ الْعَصْرِ حَتَّى تَغْرُبَ الشَّمْسُ ، وَلَا تُسَافِرِ الْمَرْأَةُ ثَلَاثَ لَيَالٍ مَعَ غَيْرِ مَحْرَمٍ ".
وَفِي الْآخَرِ : الْمُؤْمِنُونَ تَكَافَأُ دِمَاؤُهُمْ وَأَمْوَالُهُمْ ، يَسْعَى بِذِمَّتِهِمْ أَدْنَاهُمْ ، لَا يُقْتَلُ مُسْلِمٌ بِكَافِرٍ ، وَلَا ذُو عَهْدٍ فِي عَهْدِهِ ، وَلَا يَتَوَارَثُ أَهْلُ مِلَّتَيْنِ ، وَلَا تُنْكَحُ الْمَرْأَةُ عَلَى عَمَّتِهَا وَلَا عَلَى خَالَتِهَا ، وَلَا صَلَاةَ بَعْدَ الْعَصْرِ حَتَّى تَغْرُبَ الشَّمْسُ ، وَلَا تُسَافِرِ الْمَرْأَةُ ثَلَاثَ لَيَالٍ مَعَ غَيْرِ مَحْرَمٍ ".
Imam Abu Ya'la (may Allah have mercy on him) related that it is narrated from the Mother of the Believers, Sayyidah Aishah al-Siddiqah (may Allah be pleased with her), that she said: I found a writing in the hilt of the sword of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him): "The worst of people in rebellion and transgression is the one who strikes someone who did not strike him, and the man who kills (in retaliation) someone other than the actual killer (of his slain relative), and the man who forms a bond of allegiance with others, abandoning his true benefactors and patrons. Whoever does that has disbelieved in the commands of Allah and His Messenger, and Allah Almighty will accept from him neither an obligatory nor a voluntary deed."
And in another narration of the same kind it is reported: "The blood and wealth of all the Muslims are equal (in retaliation and blood money). Even the lowest-ranking of them may grant protection to someone, and its observance is binding on all the Muslims. No Muslim is to be killed for a disbeliever, nor is a person under covenant (mu'ahad) to be killed during the term of his covenant. The followers of two different religions do not inherit from one another. A woman is not to be married (combined in marriage) with her paternal aunt or her maternal aunt. There is no (voluntary) prayer after Asr until the sun sets. And no woman is to travel a journey of three nights without her mahram."
And in another narration of the same kind it is reported: "The blood and wealth of all the Muslims are equal (in retaliation and blood money). Even the lowest-ranking of them may grant protection to someone, and its observance is binding on all the Muslims. No Muslim is to be killed for a disbeliever, nor is a person under covenant (mu'ahad) to be killed during the term of his covenant. The followers of two different religions do not inherit from one another. A woman is not to be married (combined in marriage) with her paternal aunt or her maternal aunt. There is no (voluntary) prayer after Asr until the sun sets. And no woman is to travel a journey of three nights without her mahram."
