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المطالب العالية بزوائد المسانيد الثمانية
Al-Matalib al-'Aliyah
كتاب الحدود
Book of Prescribed Punishments
بَابُ تَحْرِيمِ دَمِ المسلم وعرضه
Chapter: The sanctity of a Muslim's blood and honour
Al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 1792 — The sanctity of a Muslim's blood
اُردوEn
وَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ : حَدَّثَنَا زَيْدُ بْنُ الْحُبَابِ ، ثَنَا مُوسَى بْنُ عُبَيْدَةَ الرَّبَذِيُّ ، حَدَّثَنِي صَدَقَةُ بْنُ يَسَارٍ ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا ، قَالَ : " نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ السُّورَةُ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَوْسَطَ أَيَّامِ التَّشْرِيقِ بِمِنًى ، وَهُوَ فِي حَجَّةِ الْوَدَاعِ : إِذَا جَاءَ نَصْرُ اللهِ وَالْفَتْحُ ... حَتَّى خَتَمَهَا .
فَعَرَفَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنَّهُ الْوَدَاعُ ، فَأَمَرَ بِرَاحِلَتِهِ الْقَصْوَى ، فَرُحِلَتْ لَهُ فَوَقَفَ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لِلنَّاسِ بِالْعَقَبَةِ ، فَاجْتَمَعَ إِلَيْهِ النَّاسُ ، فَحَمِدَ اللهَ تَعَالَى وَأَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ بِمَا هُوَ لَهُ أَهْلٌ ، ثُمَّ قَالَ : أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ ، إِنَّ كُلَّ دَمٍ كَانَ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ فَهُوَ هَدَرٌ ، وَأَوَّلُ دَمٍ أَضَعُهُ دَمُ إِيَاسِ بْنِ رَبِيعَةَ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ ، كَانَ مُسْتَرْضَعًا فِي بَنِي لَيْثٍ فَقَتَلَتْهُ هُذَيْلٌ .
وَإِنَّ أَوَّلَ رِبًا أَضَعُهُ رِبَا الْعَبَّاسِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ ، لَكُمْ رُؤُوسُ أَمْوَالِكُمْ لَا تَظْلِمُونَ وَلَا تُظْلَمُونَ ... فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ بِطُولِهِ .
فَعَرَفَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنَّهُ الْوَدَاعُ ، فَأَمَرَ بِرَاحِلَتِهِ الْقَصْوَى ، فَرُحِلَتْ لَهُ فَوَقَفَ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لِلنَّاسِ بِالْعَقَبَةِ ، فَاجْتَمَعَ إِلَيْهِ النَّاسُ ، فَحَمِدَ اللهَ تَعَالَى وَأَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ بِمَا هُوَ لَهُ أَهْلٌ ، ثُمَّ قَالَ : أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ ، إِنَّ كُلَّ دَمٍ كَانَ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ فَهُوَ هَدَرٌ ، وَأَوَّلُ دَمٍ أَضَعُهُ دَمُ إِيَاسِ بْنِ رَبِيعَةَ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ ، كَانَ مُسْتَرْضَعًا فِي بَنِي لَيْثٍ فَقَتَلَتْهُ هُذَيْلٌ .
وَإِنَّ أَوَّلَ رِبًا أَضَعُهُ رِبَا الْعَبَّاسِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ ، لَكُمْ رُؤُوسُ أَمْوَالِكُمْ لَا تَظْلِمُونَ وَلَا تُظْلَمُونَ ... فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ بِطُولِهِ .
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) that he said: This surah was revealed to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) in the middle of the days of Tashriq at Mina, while he (peace and blessings be upon him) was on the Farewell Hajj: "When the help of Allah and the victory come" (Surah al-Nasr), until he (peace and blessings be upon him) recited the complete surah.
So the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) understood that it was the message of farewell (departure from this world). He (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered that his she-camel named al-Qaswa be brought, and when it was saddled and brought, he (peace and blessings be upon him) stood for the people at the Jamrah al-Aqabah, and the people gathered around him (peace and blessings be upon him). He (peace and blessings be upon him) praised and extolled Allah Almighty with 'al-hamdu lillah' (all praise belongs to Allah) as befits the majesty of His station, then said: "O people! All the blood (vengeance) of the time of Jahiliyyah is now void and abolished, and the first blood that I abolish is the blood of Iyas bin Rabi'ah bin al-Harith, who was being nursed among Banu Layth and was killed by the tribe of Hudhayl.
And the first usury (riba) that I abolish is the usury of Abbas bin Abd al-Muttalib (may Allah be pleased with him). Now you are entitled only to (the return of) your capital: 'You shall not wrong, nor shall you be wronged' [Surah al-Baqarah: 279]." After this the narrator mentioned the rest of the long hadith.
So the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) understood that it was the message of farewell (departure from this world). He (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered that his she-camel named al-Qaswa be brought, and when it was saddled and brought, he (peace and blessings be upon him) stood for the people at the Jamrah al-Aqabah, and the people gathered around him (peace and blessings be upon him). He (peace and blessings be upon him) praised and extolled Allah Almighty with 'al-hamdu lillah' (all praise belongs to Allah) as befits the majesty of His station, then said: "O people! All the blood (vengeance) of the time of Jahiliyyah is now void and abolished, and the first blood that I abolish is the blood of Iyas bin Rabi'ah bin al-Harith, who was being nursed among Banu Layth and was killed by the tribe of Hudhayl.
And the first usury (riba) that I abolish is the usury of Abbas bin Abd al-Muttalib (may Allah be pleased with him). Now you are entitled only to (the return of) your capital: 'You shall not wrong, nor shall you be wronged' [Surah al-Baqarah: 279]." After this the narrator mentioned the rest of the long hadith.
