Mention of our father Adam, the father of mankind (peace be upon him)

Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates this saying of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him): "Indeed Allah Almighty created Sayyiduna Adam (peace be upon him) from dust, then made him into wet clay, then left him until he became altered, dark mud; then He created him and gave him his form. Then He left him until he became like ringing clay, like pottery." The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) says: "Iblis passed by him and said: 'You have been created for some great matter.' Then Allah Almighty breathed into him of His spirit. The first thing in which the spirit ran was his sight and his nostrils, and he sneezed. Allah Almighty inspired him to praise his Lord, so he praised his Lord, and the Lord said: 'May your Lord have mercy on you!' Then Allah Almighty said: 'O Adam, go to that group (of angels) and say this to them, then see what they say.' So he came and greeted them with salam, and the angels said: 'Wa alaykas-salamu wa rahmatullah (and upon you be peace and the mercy of Allah).' Sayyiduna Adam (peace be upon him) returned to his Lord, and the Lord asked: 'What did they say to you?' though the Lord knew better what the angels had said to him in reply. Sayyiduna Adam (peace be upon him) said: 'O my Lord, when I greeted them with salam, they said: Wa alaykas-salamu wa rahmatullah.' The Lord said: 'O Adam, this is the particular greeting of you and your offspring.' Sayyiduna Adam (peace be upon him) said: 'O my Lord, what is meant by my offspring?' The Lord said: 'O Adam, choose one of the two Hands.' He said: 'I choose the right Hand of my Lord, and both Hands of my Lord are right.' Then Allah Almighty spread out His palm, and every one of his offspring who was to come into being was there in the palm of the Most Merciful." After this the narrator mentioned the complete hadith.
Abu Ya'la recorded it; its chain contains Isma'il bin Rafi'. Imam Bukhari (may Allah have mercy on him) said: he is thiqah (trustworthy) and muqarib al-hadith (fair in hadith), while the majority declared him da'if (weak). The remaining narrators of this report are the narrators of the Sahih.

Sayyiduna Abu Musa al-Ash'ari (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates this as a marfu' hadith: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "When Allah Almighty sent Sayyiduna Adam (peace be upon him) out of Paradise, He gave him fruits of Paradise as provision for the journey and taught him how to make everything." The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "So these fruits of yours are part of the fruits of Paradise, except that these change (that is, spoil) and those do not change."
Al-Bazzar and al-Tabarani recorded it, and its narrators are thiqat (trustworthy).

Sayyiduna Abu Buraydah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates this as a marfu' hadith: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "If the weeping of Sayyiduna Dawud and the weeping of all the people of the earth were gathered together and placed against the weeping of Sayyiduna Adam (peace be upon him), it would still not equal it."
Al-Tabarani recorded it in al-Mu'jam al-Awsat; its narrators are thiqat (trustworthy).

Sayyiduna Abu Dharr al-Ghifari (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: I said: "O Messenger of Allah, was Sayyiduna Adam (peace be upon him) a prophet?" The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) replied: "Yes! He was both a prophet and a messenger. Allah Almighty spoke to him directly; Allah Almighty said to him: 'O Adam, dwell, you and your wife, in Paradise!'"
Al-Tabarani recorded it in al-Mu'jam al-Awsat, and Imam Ahmad recorded something similar within a long hadith, whose chain contains al-Mas'udi, who had become confused (ikhtilat) in his memory.

Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrates that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Shall I not tell you of the most virtuous of the angels? It is Jibril. The most virtuous of the prophets is Sayyiduna Adam (peace be upon him). The most virtuous day is Friday, the most virtuous month is the month of Ramadan, the most virtuous night is Laylat al-Qadr, and the most virtuous of women is Maryam bint Imran."
Al-Tabarani recorded it; its chain contains Nafi' bin Hurmuz, who is matruk (abandoned).

Sayyiduna Abd al-Rahman bin Qatadah al-Sulami (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: I heard the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) say: "Allah Almighty created Sayyiduna Adam (peace be upon him)." The narrator says: Then he mentioned the complete hadith.
Al-Tabarani recorded it, and its chain is hasan (good).

Sayyiduna Abu Barzah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: When Sayyiduna Adam (peace be upon him) was cut off from hearing the speech of the angels, whereas before he used to find comfort in their speech, he wept at the gate of Paradise for one hundred years. Allah Almighty said to him: "O Adam, what grieves you?" He said: "How can I not grieve, when You have sent me down from Paradise, and I do not even know whether I will be able to return to it or not?" So Allah Almighty said: "O Adam, recite this: 'There is no god but You, You alone are God, You have no partner; You are free of every defect, O Allah, and praise belongs to You. O my Lord, I have done evil and wronged myself, so forgive me! Indeed You are the Most Merciful of those who show mercy.' Second, recite this: 'O Allah, there is no god but You; You alone are God, You are One, You have no partner; You are free of every defect. O my Lord, I have wronged myself, so forgive me! Indeed You are the Most Merciful of those who show mercy.' Third, recite this: 'O Allah, there is no god but You; You are free of every defect and praise belongs to You; You have no partner. O my Lord, I have done evil and wronged myself, so forgive me! Indeed You are the Oft-Returning (in accepting repentance), the Most Merciful.'" These are the words concerning which Allah Almighty revealed this verse to Sayyiduna Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him): "Then Adam received from his Lord some words, and He accepted his repentance; indeed He is the Oft-Returning, the Most Merciful." The narrator said: These (words) are also for his children after him. Sayyiduna Adam (peace be upon him) said to his son, whose name was Hibatullah and whom the people of the Torah and the people of the Injil call Shith: "Worship your Lord and ask Him whether He will return me to Paradise or not." So he worshipped and asked this, and the Lord revealed to him: "I will return him to Paradise." He said: "O my Lord, I fear that my father may ask me for some sign about this." So Allah Almighty sent down to him a bracelet from the bracelets of Paradise. When Sayyiduna Shith (peace be upon him) came to Sayyiduna Adam (peace be upon him), Sayyiduna Adam (peace be upon him) asked: "What happened?" He said: "Glad tidings for you! He (the Lord) has told me that He will return you to Paradise." Sayyiduna Adam (peace be upon him) said: "Did you not ask Him (that is, the Lord) for a sign?" So Sayyiduna Shith (peace be upon him) brought out the bracelet and showed it. Sayyiduna Adam (peace be upon him) recognised it and fell into prostration weeping, until a river of tears flowed from his eyes, whose traces are still known in India. It is mentioned that the treasures of gold in India grew from that bracelet. Then Sayyiduna Adam (peace be upon him) said: "Ask your Lord for some of the fruits of Paradise for me." When Sayyiduna Shith (peace be upon him) left him, Sayyiduna Adam (peace be upon him) passed away. Sayyiduna Jibril (peace be upon him) came and asked: "Where are you going?" Sayyiduna Shith (peace be upon him) replied: "My father has sent me to request my Lord to feed him some of the fruits of Paradise." Sayyiduna Jibril (peace be upon him) said: "His Lord has decreed that he will not eat anything of it until he returns to it, and he has now passed away. Go back and bury him." Then Sayyiduna Jibril (peace be upon him) came; he gave Sayyiduna Adam (peace be upon him) his ritual bath (ghusl), shrouded him, applied perfume to him and offered his funeral prayer. Sayyiduna Jibril (peace be upon him) said: "Do likewise with your dead."
Al-Tabarani recorded it; its chain contains Sawwar bin Mus'ab, who is matruk (abandoned).

Sayyiduna Ubayy bin Ka'b (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The angels gave Sayyiduna Adam (peace be upon him) his ritual bath with water and lote-tree leaves, shrouded him, made a lahd (niche grave) for him and buried him, and they said: 'O children of Adam, this will be your particular practice concerning your dead.'"

In one narration the words are: "When Sayyiduna Adam (peace be upon him) passed away, the angels gave him his ritual bath with water an odd number of times, prepared a lahd (niche grave) for him and said: 'This is the practice for Sayyiduna Adam and his children.'" Al-Tabarani recorded all these narrations in al-Mu'jam al-Awsat with two chains. One of the two contains Husayn bin Abi al-Sari, whom Ibn Hibban declared thiqah (trustworthy) and the majority declared da'if (weak). The case of the narrator Rawh bin Aslam in the other chain is the same: Ibn Hibban declared him thiqah (trustworthy) and the majority declared him da'if (weak).

Utayy narrates: In Madinah I saw an elderly man speaking, so I asked about him, and the people told me: "This is Sayyiduna Ubayy bin Ka'b (may Allah be pleased with him)." He related: "When the time of death drew near for Sayyiduna Adam (peace be upon him), he said to his sons: 'My sons, I have a craving for the fruits of Paradise.' So they set out to look for them for him. They were met by angels who had with them Sayyiduna Adam's (peace be upon him) shroud and the perfume to be applied to him, and with those angels were axes, spades and baskets. They said: 'O children of Adam, where are you going? What are you looking for?' (The narrator is unsure; perhaps the words are:) 'What do you want, and where are you going?' They said: 'Our father is ill, and he craves the fruits of Paradise.' The angels said to those sons: 'Go back, for your father's final hour has come.' They came back, and when Sayyidah Hawwa (may Allah be pleased with her) saw those angels she recognised them, and she clung to Sayyiduna Adam (peace be upon him). Sayyiduna Adam (peace be upon him) said: 'Move away from me! For what befell me came to me only through you. Leave the way clear between me and the angels of my Lord.' The angels took the soul of Sayyiduna Adam (peace be upon him), gave him his ritual bath, shrouded him, applied perfume to him, dug a grave for him, prepared a lahd (niche) for him and offered his funeral prayer. Then those angels went down into his grave, placed him in his grave and set bricks over him. Then they came out of the grave, poured earth over him and said: 'O children of Adam, this will be your particular practice.'"
Abdullah bin Ahmad recorded it, and its narrators are the narrators of the Sahih, except Utayy bin Damrah, who is thiqah (trustworthy).