مجمع الزوائد ومنبع الفوائد
Majma' al-Zawa'id
كتاب الأدب
Book of Manners
بَابُ الْبَيَانِ وَتَشْقِيقِ الْكَلَامِ

Eloquence and embellishing speech

9 hadith

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عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ قَالَ : لَعَنَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - الَّذِينَ يُشَقِّقُونَ الْكَلَامَ تَشْقِيقَ الشِّعْرِ . رَوَاهُ أَحْمَدُ ، وَفِيهِ جَابِرُ الْجُعْفِيُّ وَهُوَ ضَعِيفٌ .
Sayyiduna Mu'awiyah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) cursed those who embellish and polish their speech the way poetry is embellished and polished.
Ahmad recorded it. Its chain contains a narrator, Jabir al-Ju'fi, and he is da'if (weak).
Hadith Reference مجمع الزوائد ومنبع الفوائد / كتاب الأدب / 13280
Hadith Grading محدثین: إسنادہ ضعیف
Hadith Takhrij «اخرجه احمد فى المسند (98/4) ، أخرجه مسند أحمد برقم: 16457»
وَعَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ سَعْدٍ - يَعْنِي ابْنَ أَبِي وَقَّاصٍ - قَالَ : كَانَ لِي إِلَى أَبِي سَعْدٍ . وَعَنْ مُجَمِّعٍ قَالَ : كَانَ لِعُمَرَ بْنِ سَعْدٍ إِلَى أَبِيهِ حَاجَةٌ ، فَقَدَّمَ بَيْنَ يَدَيْ حَاجَتِهِ كَلَامًا مِمَّا يُحَدِّثُ النَّاسُ ، يَتَوَصَّلُونَ بِهِ ، لَمْ يَكُنْ سَعْدٌ يَسْمَعُهُ ، فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ قَالَ : يَا بُنَيَّ ، قَدْ فَرَغْتَ مِنْ كَلَامِكَ ؟ قَالَ : نَعَمْ . قَالَ : مَا كُنْتُ مِنْ حَاجَتِكَ أَبْعَدُ ، وَلَا كُنْتُ فِيكَ أَزْهَدُ مِنِّي مُنْذُ سَمِعْتُ كَلَامَكَ ( هَذَا ) سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - يَقُولُ : " سَيَكُونُ قَوْمٌ يَأْكُلُونَ بِأَلْسِنَتِهِمْ كَمَا تَأْكُلُ الْبَقَرُ مِنَ الْأَرْضِ " . رَوَاهُ أَحْمَدُ وَالْبَزَّارُ مِنْ طُرُقٍ وَفِيهِ رَاوٍ لَمْ يُسَمَّ ، وَأَحْسَنُهَا مَا رَوَاهُ أَحْمَدُ عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ أَسْلَمَ ، عَنْ سَعْدٍ قَالَ : قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - : " لَا تَقُومُ السَّاعَةُ حَتَّى يَخْرُجَ قَوْمٌ يَأْكُلُونَ بِأَلْسِنَتِهِمْ كَمَا تَأْكُلُ الْبَقَرُ بِأَلْسِنَتِهَا " . وَرِجَالُهُ رِجَالُ الصَّحِيحِ ، إِلَّا أَنَّ زَيْدَ بْنَ أَسْلَمَ لَمْ يَسْمَعْ مِنْ سَعِدٍ ، وَاللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ .
Umar bin Sa'd bin Abi Waqqas narrates: I had some business with my father, Sayyiduna Sa'd (may Allah be pleased with him). A narrator named Mujammi' stated that Umar bin Sa'd had some business with his father. Before mentioning his business to his father, he spoke in a manner that later became fashionable among people in those days, which was rhymed and ornate. Sayyiduna Sa'd (may Allah be pleased with him) had not heard such speech before. When he finished speaking, Sayyiduna Sa'd (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "My son, have you finished your speech?" He replied: "Yes." Sayyiduna Sa'd (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "I have never been further from (granting) your need, nor less inclined towards you, than since I heard this speech of yours. I heard the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) saying: 'Soon there will be people who will eat by means of their tongues just as a cow eats from the ground.'"
Ahmad and al-Bazzar recorded it through various routes, and its chain contains a narrator who has not been named. The best of them is the one which Ahmad recorded through Zayd bin Aslam from Sayyiduna Sa'd (may Allah be pleased with him), who narrates: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The Hour will not be established until a people come forth who will eat by means of their tongues just as a cow eats with its tongue." Its narrators are the narrators of the Sahih, except that Zayd bin Aslam did not hear from Sayyiduna Sa'd (may Allah be pleased with him). And Allah knows best.
Hadith Reference مجمع الزوائد ومنبع الفوائد / كتاب الأدب / 13281
Hadith Grading محدثین: إسنادہ منقطع
Hadith Takhrij «اخرجه البزار فى المسند (2081 و 2080) اخرجه احمد فى المسند (1597 و 1517) ، أخرجه مسند أحمد برقم: 1520، وأخرجه مسند البزار برقم: 1193»
وَعَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ قَالَ : قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - : " إِنَّ اللَّهَ يُبْغِضُ الْبَلِيغَ مِنَ الرِّجَالِ ، الَّذِي يَتَخَلَّلُ بِلِسَانِهِ كَمَا تَخَلَّلُ الْبَاقِرَةُ بِلِسَانِهَا " . رَوَاهُ الطَّبَرَانِيُّ فِي الْأَوْسَطِ عَنْ شَيْخِهِ مِقْدَامِ بْنِ دَاوُدَ وَهُوَ ضَعِيفٌ .
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrates: the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Indeed, Allah Almighty dislikes the eloquent man who twists his tongue when speaking, just as a cow twists its tongue."
Al-Tabarani recorded it in al-Mu'jam al-Awsat from his teacher Miqdam bin Dawud, and he is da'if (weak).
Hadith Reference مجمع الزوائد ومنبع الفوائد / كتاب الأدب / 13282
Hadith Grading محدثین: إسنادہ ضعیف
Hadith Takhrij «أخرجه المعجم الأوسط للطبراني برقم: 9026»
وَعَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْعَاصِ قَالَ : سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - يَقُولُ : " إِنَّ الْبَيَانَ كُلُّ الْبَيَانِ شُعْبَةٌ مِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ " . رَوَاهُ الطَّبَرَانِيُّ فِي الْأَوْسَطِ عَنْ شَيْخِهِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى بْنِ حَمْزَةَ وَهُوَ ضَعِيفٌ .
Sayyiduna Amr bin al-As (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: I heard the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) say: "Indeed, eloquence, all of it, is a branch of Satan."
Al-Tabarani recorded it in al-Mu'jam al-Awsat from his teacher Ahmad bin Muhammad bin Yahya bin Hamzah, and he is da'if (weak).
Hadith Reference مجمع الزوائد ومنبع الفوائد / كتاب الأدب / 13283
Hadith Grading محدثین: إسنادہ ضعیف
Hadith Takhrij «اخرجه الطبراني فى المعجم الاوسط (44) ، أخرجه المعجم الأوسط للطبراني برقم: 44»
وَعَنْ أَبِي أُمَامَةَ قَالَ : قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - : " إِنَّ اللَّهَ كَرِهَ لَكُمُ الْبَيَانَ كُلَّ الْبَيَانِ " .
Sayyiduna Abu Umamah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Indeed, Allah Almighty has disliked for you eloquence, every kind of eloquence."
Hadith Reference مجمع الزوائد ومنبع الفوائد / كتاب الأدب / 13284
Hadith Grading محدثین: إسنادہ صحیح
Hadith Takhrij «اخرجه الطبراني فى المعجم الكبير (7695)»
وَبِسَنَدِهِ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - قَالَ : " إِنَّ الْمُتَشَدِّقِينَ فِي النَّارِ " . رَوَاهُمَا الطَّبَرَانِيُّ وَفِي إِسْنَادِهِمَا عُفَيْرُ بْنُ مَعْدَانَ وَهُوَ ضَعِيفٌ .
With the same chain, this saying of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) is reported: "Indeed, those who speak affectedly, stretching their jaws, will go to Hell." Al-Tabarani recorded both these narrations, and in the chain of both is a narrator, Ufayr bin Ma'dan, who is da'if (weak).
Hadith Reference مجمع الزوائد ومنبع الفوائد / كتاب الأدب / 13285
Hadith Grading محدثین: إسنادہ ضعیف
Hadith Takhrij «اخرجه الطبراني فى المعجم الكبير (7696)»
وَعَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - قَالَ : " إِنَّ مِنَ الْبَيَانِ سِحْرًا " . رَوَاهُ الطَّبَرَانِيُّ وَأَحَدُ إِسْنَادَيْهِ حَسَنٌ .
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) reports this saying of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him): "Indeed, some eloquence is magic."
Al-Tabarani recorded it, and one of its two chains is hasan (good).
Hadith Reference مجمع الزوائد ومنبع الفوائد / كتاب الأدب / 13286
Hadith Grading محدثین: إسنادہ حسن۔
Hadith Takhrij «اخرجه الطبراني فى المعجم الكبير (10094 و 10025) ، أخرجه مسند أحمد برقم: 3769، 4330، وأخرجه المعجم الكبير للطبراني برقم: 10025، 10094، 10345»
وَعَنْ أَبِي بَكْرَةَ قَالَ : كُنَّا عِنْدَ النَّبِيِّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - فَقَدِمَ عَلَيْهِ وَفْدُ بَنِي تَمِيمٍ ، عَلَيْهِمْ قَيْسُ بْنُ عَاصِمٍ وَعَمْرُو بْنُ الْأَهْتَمِ ، وَالزِّبْرِقَانُ بْنُ بَدْرٍ ، فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - لِعَمْرِو بْنِ الْأَهْتَمِ : " مَا تَقُولُ فِي الزِّبْرِقَانِ بْنِ بَدْرٍ ؟ " فَقَالَ : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، مُطَاعٌ فِي أَنْدِيَتِهِ ، شَدِيدُ الْعَارِضَةِ ، مَانِعٌ لِمَا وَرَاءَ ظَهْرِهِ . فَقَالَ الزِّبْرِقَانُ : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، إِنَّهُ لَيَعْلَمُ مِنِّي أَكْثَرَ مِمَّا وَصَفَنِي بِهِ ، وَلَكِنَّهُ حَسَدَنِي . فَقَالَ عَمْرٌو : وَاللَّهِ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، إِنَّهُ لَزَمِنُ الْمُرُوءَةِ ، ضَيِّقُ الْعَطَنِ ، لَئِيمُ الْخَالِ ، أَحْمَقُ الْوَلَدِ ، وَاللَّهِ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، مَا كَذَبْتُ أَوَّلًا وَلَقَدْ صَدَقْتُ آخِرًا ، وَلَكِنِّي رَضِيتُ فَقُلْتُ أَحْسَنَ مَا عَلِمْتُ ، وَغَضِبْتُ فَقُلْتُ أَقْبَحَ مَا عَلِمْتُ . فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - : " إِنَّ مِنَ الْبَيَانِ لَسِحْرًا ، وَإِنَّ مِنَ الشِّعْرِ لَحِكَمًا " .
رَوَاهُ الطَّبَرَانِيُّ فِي الْأَوْسَطِ وَالْكَبِيرِ ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُوسَى الْإِصْطَخْرِيِّ ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ كَثِيرِ بْنِ يَحْيَى بْنِ أَبِي كَثِيرٍ ، وَلَمْ أَعْرِفْهُمَا وَبَقِيَّةُ رِجَالِهِ ثِقَاتٌ .
Sayyiduna Abu Bakrah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: We were with the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) when the delegation of Banu Tamim came to him, led by Sayyiduna Qays bin Asim, Sayyiduna Amr bin al-Ahtam and Sayyiduna al-Zibriqan bin Badr (may Allah be pleased with them). The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said to Sayyiduna Amr bin al-Ahtam (may Allah be pleased with him): "What do you say about al-Zibriqan bin Badr?" He said: "O Messenger of Allah! He is obeyed in his gatherings, fierce in contention, and a protector of whatever is behind his back." Al-Zibriqan said: "O Messenger of Allah! He knows more about me than what he has described of me, but he envies me." Amr said: "By Allah, O Messenger of Allah! He is crippled in chivalry, narrow in hospitality, base on his mother's side, and foolish as a son. By Allah, O Messenger of Allah! I did not speak falsely the first time, and I have spoken the truth the last time too. When I was pleased, I said the best of what I knew about him, and when I became angry, I said the worst of what I knew about him." Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Indeed, some eloquence is magic, and some poetry is wisdom."
Al-Tabarani recorded it in al-Mu'jam al-Awsat and al-Mu'jam al-Kabir via Muhammad bin Musa al-Istakhri from al-Hasan bin Kathir bin Yahya bin Abi Kathir, and I do not know either of them. The rest of its narrators are thiqat (trustworthy).
Hadith Reference مجمع الزوائد ومنبع الفوائد / كتاب الأدب / 13287
Hadith Grading محدثین: إسنادہ ضعیف
Hadith Takhrij «أخرجه المعجم الأوسط للطبراني برقم: 7667»
وَعَنْ مَعْنِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ أَوْ أَبِي مَعْنٍ قَالَ : قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - : " اجْتَمِعُوا فِي مَسَاجِدِكُمْ فَإِذَا اجْتَمَعَ كُلُّ قَوْمٍ فَلْيُؤْذِنُونِي " . قَالَ : فَاجْتَمَعْنَا أَوَّلَ النَّاسِ فَأَتَيْنَاهُ ، فَجَاءَ يَمْشِي مَعَنَا حَتَّى جَلَسَ إِلَيْنَا ، فَتَكَلَّمَ مُتَكَلِّمٌ مِنَّا فَقَالَ : الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي لَيْسَ لِلْحَمْدِ دُونَهُ مُقْتَصِرٌ ، وَلَيْسَ وَرَاءَهُ مَنْفَذٌ ، وَنَحْوَ هَذَا . فَغَضِبَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - وَقَامَ ، فَتَلَاوَمْنَا وَلَامَ بَعْضُنَا بَعْضًا فَقُلْنَا : خَصَّنَا اللَّهُ ( بِهِ ) أَنْ أَتَانَا أَوَّلَ النَّاسِ وَإِنْ فَعَلَ وَفَعَلَ . قَالَ : فَأَتَيْنَاهُ فَوَجَدْنَاهُ فِي مَسْجِدِ بَنِي فُلَانٍ فَكَلَّمْنَاهُ ، فَأَقْبَلَ يَمْشِي مَعَنَا حَتَّى جَلَسَ فِي مَجْلِسِهِ الَّذِي كَانَ فِيهِ أَوْ قَرِيبًا مِنْهُ فَقَالَ : " الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ مَا شَاءَ جَعَلَ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ ، وَمَا شَاءَ جَعَلَ خَلْفَهُ ، وَإِنَّ مِنَ الْبَيَانِ سِحْرًا " . ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَ عَلَيْنَا فَأَمَرَنَا وَكَلَّمَنَا وَعَلَّمَنَا . رَوَاهُ أَحْمَدُ وَالطَّبَرَانِيُّ ، وَرِجَالُهُ رِجَالُ الصَّحِيحِ ، غَيْرَ سُهَيْلِ بْنِ ذِرَاعٍ وَقَدْ وَثَّقَهُ ابْنُ حِبَّانَ .
قُلْتُ : وَتَأْتِي أَحَادِيثٌ فِي قَوْلِهِ : " إِنَّ مِنَ الشِّعْرِ حِكَمًا ، وَإِنَّ مِنَ الْبَيَانِ سِحْرًا " .
Sayyiduna Ma'n bin Yazid, or perhaps Sayyiduna Abu Ma'n (may Allah be pleased with him), narrates: the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Gather in your mosques, and when all the people have gathered, inform me. The narrator says: We all gathered, then we came to him, and he came walking with us and sat with us. One of us spoke, saying: 'All praise belongs to Allah, before Whom there is none who suffices with praise, and beyond Whom there is no way.' At this the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) became angry and stood up. We blamed one another and said: 'Allah Almighty had singled us out with him, in that he came to us first among the people, but then this happened and that happened.' The narrator says: Then we came to him and found him in the mosque of Banu so-and-so. We spoke with him, and he came walking with us until he sat in the same gathering where he had sat before, or near that place. He said: "All praise belongs to Allah. Whatever He willed He placed before Him, and whatever He willed He placed behind Him; and some eloquence is magic." The narrator says: Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) turned to us; he gave us commands, spoke with us and taught us.
Imam Ahmad and al-Tabarani recorded it, and its narrators are the narrators of the Sahih, except Suhayl bin Dhira', whom Ibn Hibban declared thiqah (trustworthy).
Allamah al-Haythami says: I say: the saying of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), "Some poetry is wisdom, and some eloquence is magic", will come later in the hadith.
Hadith Reference مجمع الزوائد ومنبع الفوائد / كتاب الأدب / 13288
Hadith Grading محدثین: إسنادہ صحیح
Hadith Takhrij «اخرجه الطبراني فى المعجم الكبير (442/19) ، أخرجه مسند أحمد برقم: 15434، 2810، 2856»