مجمع الزوائد ومنبع الفوائد
Majma' al-Zawa'id
كتاب المغازي والسير
Book of Military Expeditions and Biography
بَابٌ
Book of Military Expeditions and Biography
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عَنْ أَبِي أُسَيْدٍ أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَقُولُ : أَصَبْتُ يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ سَيْفَ بَنِي عَابِدِ بْنِ الْمَرْزُبَانِ فَلَمَّا أَمَرَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - أَنْ يَرُدُّوا مَا فِي أَيْدِيهِمْ ، أَقْبَلْتُ بِهِ حَتَّى أَلْقَيْتُهُ فِي النَّفْلِ .
قَالَ : وَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - لَا يَمْنَعُ شَيْئًا يَسْأَلُهُ . قَالَ : فَعَرَفَهُ الْأَرْقَمُ بْنُ أَبِي الْأَرْقَمِ الْمَخْزُومِيُّ فَسَأَلَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - فَأَعْطَاهُ إِيَّاهُ .
قَالَ : وَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - لَا يَمْنَعُ شَيْئًا يَسْأَلُهُ . قَالَ : فَعَرَفَهُ الْأَرْقَمُ بْنُ أَبِي الْأَرْقَمِ الْمَخْزُومِيُّ فَسَأَلَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - فَأَعْطَاهُ إِيَّاهُ .
Sayyiduna Abu Usayd (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: On the day of Badr I obtained the sword of Banu Abid bin al-Marzuban. When the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered that the people return what was in their possession (that is, deposit it in the spoils), I came and put that sword in with the spoils. The narrator says: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) never said "no" to anything he was asked for. The narrator says: Sayyiduna al-Arqam bin Abi al-Arqam al-Makhzumi (may Allah be pleased with him) recognised that sword and asked the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) for it, and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) gave it to him.
وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ عَنْ أَبِي أُسَيْدٍ أَيْضًا مَالِكُ بْنُ رَبِيعَةَ قَالَ : أَصَبْتُ سَيْفَ بَنِي عَابِدٍ الْمَخْزُومِيِّينَ الْمَرْزُبَانِ يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ . رَوَاهُ كُلَّهُ أَحْمَدُ ، وَفِيهِ رَاوٍ لَمْ يُسَمَّ ، وَبَقِيَّةُ رِجَالِهِ ثِقَاتٌ .
In one narration the wording is: It is also reported from Sayyiduna Abu Usayd Malik bin Rabi'ah (may Allah be pleased with him), who narrates: On the day of Badr I obtained the sword of al-Marzuban of Banu Abid, the Makhzumis. Ahmad recorded all of these narrations; their chain contains a narrator who is not named, and the rest of its narrators are thiqat (trustworthy).
وَعَنِ الْأَرْقَمِ بْنِ أَبِي الْأَرْقَمِ قَالَ : قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ : " رُدُّوا مَا كَانَ مَعَكُمْ مِنَ الْأَنْفَالِ " . فَرَفَعَ أَبُو أُسَيْدٍ السَّاعِدِيُّ سَيْفَ بَنِي الْعَابِدِ الْمَرْزُبَانِ فَعَرَفَهُ الْأَرْقَمُ ، فَقَالَ : هَبْهُ لِي يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ . فَأَعْطَاهُ إِيَّاهُ . رَوَاهُ الطَّبَرَانِيُّ فِي الْأَوْسَطِ وَالْكَبِيرِ بِاخْتِصَارٍ ، وَرِجَالُهُ ثِقَاتٌ .
Sayyiduna al-Arqam bin Abi al-Arqam (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: On the day of Badr, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Return whatever of the spoils you have with you (that is, deposit it in the spoils)." Sayyiduna Abu Usayd al-Sa'idi (may Allah be pleased with him) lifted up the sword of Banu Abid bin al-Marzuban, and Sayyiduna al-Arqam (may Allah be pleased with him) recognised it. He said: "O Messenger of Allah, give it to me as a gift," and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) gave it to him.
Al-Tabarani recorded it in al-Mu'jam al-Awsat, and in al-Mu'jam al-Kabir in abridged form; its narrators are thiqat (trustworthy).
Al-Tabarani recorded it in al-Mu'jam al-Awsat, and in al-Mu'jam al-Kabir in abridged form; its narrators are thiqat (trustworthy).
وَعَنْ عُبَادَةَ بْنِ الصَّامِتِ قَالَ : خَرَجْتُ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - فَشَهِدْتُ مَعَهُ بَدْرًا ، فَالْتَقَى النَّاسُ فَهَزَمَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ الْعَدُوَّ ، فَانْطَلَقَتْ طَائِفَةٌ فِي آثَارِهِمْ يَهْزِمُونَ وَيَقْتُلُونَ ، وَأَكَبَّتْ طَائِفَةٌ عَلَى الْعَسْكَرِ يَحُوزُونَهُ وَيَجْمَعُونَهُ ، وَأَحْدَقَتْ طَائِفَةٌ بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - لَا يُصِيبُ الْعَدُوُّ مِنْهُ غُرَّةً ، حَتَّى إِذَا كَانَ اللَّيْلُ وَفَاءَ النَّاسُ بَعْضُهُمْ إِلَى بَعْضٍ ، قَالَ الَّذِينَ جَمَعُوا الْغَنَائِمَ : نَحْنُ حَوَيْنَاهَا وَجَمَعْنَاهَا ; فَلَيْسَ لِأَحَدٍ فِيهَا نَصِيبٌ .
وَقَالَ الَّذِينَ خَرَجُوا فِي طَلَبِ الْعَدُوِّ : لَسْتُمْ بِأَحَقَّ بِهَا مِنَّا ; نَحْنُ نَفَيْنَا عَنْهَا الْعَدُوَّ وَهَزَمْنَاهُمْ .
وَقَالَ الَّذِينَ أَحْدَقُوا بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - : لَسْتُمْ بِأَحَقَّ بِهَا مِنَّا ; نَحْنُ أَحْدَقْنَا بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - وَخِفْنَا أَنْ يُصِيبَ الْعَدُوُّ مِنْهُ غِرَّةً ، وَاشْتُغِلْنَا بِهِ .
فَنَزَلَتْ : يَسْأَلُونَكَ عَنِ الْأَنْفَالِ قُلِ الْأَنْفَالُ لِلَّهِ وَالرَّسُولِ فَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ وَأَصْلِحُوا ذَاتَ بَيْنِكُمْ فَقَسَّمَهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - عَلَى فَوَاقٍ بَيْنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ .
وَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - إِذَا أَغَارَ فِي أَرْضِ الْعَدُوِّ نَفَلَ الرُّبْعَ ، وَإِذَا أَقْبَلَ رَاجِعًا وَكُلُّ النَّاسِ نَفَلَ الثُّلُثَ ، وَكَانَ يَكْرَهُ الْأَنْفَالَ وَيَقُولُ : " لِيَرُدَّ قَوِيُّ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَى ضَعِيفِهِمْ " . قُلْتُ : رَوَى التِّرْمِذِيُّ ، وَغَيْرُهُ : كَانَ يَنْفُلُ فِي الْبَدَاءَةِ الرُّبْعَ ، وَفِي الْقُفُولِ الثُّلُثَ . رَوَاهُ أَحْمَدُ ، وَالطَّبَرَانِيُّ ، وَرِجَالُ أَحْمَدَ ثِقَاتٌ .
وَقَالَ الَّذِينَ خَرَجُوا فِي طَلَبِ الْعَدُوِّ : لَسْتُمْ بِأَحَقَّ بِهَا مِنَّا ; نَحْنُ نَفَيْنَا عَنْهَا الْعَدُوَّ وَهَزَمْنَاهُمْ .
وَقَالَ الَّذِينَ أَحْدَقُوا بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - : لَسْتُمْ بِأَحَقَّ بِهَا مِنَّا ; نَحْنُ أَحْدَقْنَا بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - وَخِفْنَا أَنْ يُصِيبَ الْعَدُوُّ مِنْهُ غِرَّةً ، وَاشْتُغِلْنَا بِهِ .
فَنَزَلَتْ : يَسْأَلُونَكَ عَنِ الْأَنْفَالِ قُلِ الْأَنْفَالُ لِلَّهِ وَالرَّسُولِ فَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ وَأَصْلِحُوا ذَاتَ بَيْنِكُمْ فَقَسَّمَهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - عَلَى فَوَاقٍ بَيْنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ .
وَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - إِذَا أَغَارَ فِي أَرْضِ الْعَدُوِّ نَفَلَ الرُّبْعَ ، وَإِذَا أَقْبَلَ رَاجِعًا وَكُلُّ النَّاسِ نَفَلَ الثُّلُثَ ، وَكَانَ يَكْرَهُ الْأَنْفَالَ وَيَقُولُ : " لِيَرُدَّ قَوِيُّ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَى ضَعِيفِهِمْ " . قُلْتُ : رَوَى التِّرْمِذِيُّ ، وَغَيْرُهُ : كَانَ يَنْفُلُ فِي الْبَدَاءَةِ الرُّبْعَ ، وَفِي الْقُفُولِ الثُّلُثَ . رَوَاهُ أَحْمَدُ ، وَالطَّبَرَانِيُّ ، وَرِجَالُ أَحْمَدَ ثِقَاتٌ .
Sayyiduna Ubadah bin al-Samit (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: I set out with the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and took part with him in Badr. The people met in battle, and Allah Almighty routed the enemy. Some people went after them, driving them back and killing them; some went to their camp and its belongings and began gathering and collecting them; and some came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) so that the enemy would not attack him. When night came and everyone gathered together again, those who had collected the spoils said: "We gathered it and collected it, so no one else has a share in it." Those who had gone after the enemy said: "You have no more right to it than we do, for we drove the enemy away from these belongings and routed them." Those who had been guarding the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "You have no more right to it than we do; we were watching over the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), fearing that the enemy might harm him, and we were occupied with that." (The narrator says:) Then this verse was revealed concerning it: "They ask you about the spoils (anfal). Say: The spoils belong to Allah and the Messenger, so fear Allah and set things right between yourselves." So the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) distributed that wealth among the Muslims. When the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) raided the land of the enemy, he would give a quarter of the spoils as an extra award (or bonus), and when he returned from there, he would give a third as an extra award. He disliked (keeping) the spoils and would say: "Let the strong among the believers return it to the weak." (Allamah al-Haythami says:) I say: Al-Tirmidhi and others have reported: "The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) used to give a quarter as an award at the outset and a third on the return."
Ahmad and al-Tabarani recorded it, and Ahmad's narrators are thiqat (trustworthy).
Ahmad and al-Tabarani recorded it, and Ahmad's narrators are thiqat (trustworthy).
