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مجمع الزوائد ومنبع الفوائد
Majma' al-Zawa'id
كتاب الخلافة
Book of the Caliphate
بَابُ كَرَاهَةِ الْوِلَايَةِ وَلِمَنْ تُسْتَحَبُّ .
The dislike of holding authority, and for whom it is recommended
Majma al-Zawaid — Hadith 9030
اُردوEn
وَعَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عَوْفٍ قَالَ : دَخَلْتُ عَلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ أَعُودُهُ فِي مَرَضِهِ الَّذِي تُوُفِّيَ فِيهِ فَسَلَّمْتُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَأَلْتُهُ : كَيْفَ أَصْبَحْتَ ؟ فَاسْتَوَى جَالِسًا فَقَالَ : أَصْبَحْتُ بِحَمْدِ اللَّهِ بَارِئًا . فَقَالَ : أَمَا إِنِّي عَلَى مَا تَرَى وَجِعٌ ، وَجَعَلْتُمْ لِيَ شُغْلًا مَعَ وَجَعِي ، جَعَلْتُ لَكُمْ عَهْدًا مِنْ بَعْدِي ، وَاخْتَرْتُ لَكُمْ خَيْرَكُمْ فِي نَفْسِي ، فَكُلُّكُمْ وَرِمٌ لِذَلِكَ أَنْفُهُ ، رَجَاءَ أَنْ يَكُونَ الْأَمْرُ لَهُ ، وَرَأَيْتُ الدُّنْيَا أَقْبَلَتْ وَلَمَّا تُقْبِلُ وَهِيَ جَائِيَةٌ ، وَسَتَجِدُونَ بُيُوتَكُمْ بِسُتُورِ الْحَرِيرِ وَنَضَائِدِ الدِّيبَاجِ ، وَتَأْلَمُونَ ضَجَائِعَ الصُّوفِ الْأَذْرَبِيِّ كَأَنَّ أَحَدَكُمْ عَلَى حَسَكِ السَّعْدَانِ ، وَاللَّهِ لَأَنْ يُقَدَّمَ أَحَدُكُمْ فَيُضْرَبَ عُنُقُهُ فِي غَيْرِ حَدٍّ خَيْرٌ لَهُ مِنْ أَنْ يَسِيحَ فِي غَمْرَةِ الدُّنْيَا .
ثُمَّ قَالَ : أَمَّا إِنِّي لَا آسَى عَلَى شَيْءٍ إِلَّا عَلَى ثَلَاثٍ فَعَلْتُهُنَّ وَدِدْتُ أَنِّي لَمْ أَفْعَلْهُنَّ ، وَثَلَاثٌ لَمْ أَفْعَلْهُنَّ وَدِدْتُ أَنِّي فَعْلَتُهُنَّ وَثَلَاثٌ وَدِدْتُ أَنِّي سَأَلْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - عَنْهُنَّ .
فَأَمَّا الثَّلَاثُ الَّتِي وَدِدْتُ أَنِّي لَمْ أَفْعَلْهُنَّ : فَوَدِدْتُ أَنِّي لَمْ أَكُنْ كَشَفْتُ بَيْتَ فَاطِمَةَ وَتَرَكْتُهُ ، وَأَنْ أُغْلِقَ عَلَى الْحَرْبِ ، وَوَدِدْتُ أَنِّي يَوْمَ سَقِيفَةَ بَنِي سَاعِدَةَ قَذَفْتُ الْأَمْرَ فِي عُنُقِ أَحَدِ الرَّجُلَيْنِ أَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ أَوْ عُمَرَ وَكَانَ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَكُنْتُ وَزِيرًا ، وَوَدِدْتُ أَنِّي حِينَ وَجَّهْتُ خَالِدَ بْنَ الْوَلِيدِ إِلَى أَهْلِ الرِّدَّةِ أَقَمْتُ بِذِي الْقَصَّةِ ، فَإِنْ ظَفِرَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ ظَفِرُوا ، وَإِلَّا كُنْتُ رِدْءًا وَمَدَدًا .
وَأَمَّا الثَّلَاثُ اللَّاتِي وَدِدْتُ أَنِّي فَعَلْتُهَا : فَوَدِدْتُ أَنِّي يَوْمَ أَتَيْتُ بِالْأَشْعَثِ أَسِيرًا ضَرَبْتُ عُنُقَهُ ، فَإِنَّهُ يُخَيَّلُ إِلَيَّ أَنَّهُ لَا يَكُونُ شَرٌّ إِلَّا طَارَ إِلَيْهِ ، وَوَدِدْتُ أَنِّي يَوْمَ أَتَيْتُ بِالْفُجَاةِ السُّلَمِيِّ لَمْ أَكُنْ أَحْرَقْتُهُ وَقَتَلْتُهُ سَرِيحًا أَوْ أَطْلَقْتُهُ نَجِيحًا ، وَوَدِدْتُ أَنِّي حِينَ وَجَّهْتُ خَالِدَ بْنَ الْوَلِيدِ إِلَى الشَّامِ وَجَّهْتُ عُمَرَ إِلَى الْعِرَاقِ فَأَكُونُ قَدْ بَسَطْتُ يَمِينِي وَشِمَالِي فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ - عَزَّ وَجَلَّ .
وَأَمَّا الثَّلَاثُ اللَّاتِي وَدِدْتُ أَنِّي سَأَلْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - عَنْهُنَّ : فَوَدِدْتُ أَنِّي سَأَلْتُهُ فَيْمَنْ هَذَا الْأَمْرُ ؟ فَلَا يُنَازِعُهُ أَهْلَهُ ، وَوَدِدْتُ أَنِّي كُنْتُ سَأَلْتُهُ : هَلْ لِلْأَنْصَارِ فِي هَذَا الْأَمْرِ سَبَبٌ ؟ وَوَدِدْتُ أَنِّي سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْعَمَّةِ وَبِنْتِ الْأَخِ فَإِنَّ فِي نَفْسِي مِنْهُمَا حَاجَةٌ .
رَوَاهُ الطَّبَرَانِيُّ ، وَفِيهِ عُلْوَانُ بْنُ دَاوُدَ الْبَجَلِيُّ ، وَهُوَ ضَعِيفٌ ، وَهَذَا الْأَثَرُ مِمَّا أُنْكِرَ عَلَيْهِ .
ثُمَّ قَالَ : أَمَّا إِنِّي لَا آسَى عَلَى شَيْءٍ إِلَّا عَلَى ثَلَاثٍ فَعَلْتُهُنَّ وَدِدْتُ أَنِّي لَمْ أَفْعَلْهُنَّ ، وَثَلَاثٌ لَمْ أَفْعَلْهُنَّ وَدِدْتُ أَنِّي فَعْلَتُهُنَّ وَثَلَاثٌ وَدِدْتُ أَنِّي سَأَلْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - عَنْهُنَّ .
فَأَمَّا الثَّلَاثُ الَّتِي وَدِدْتُ أَنِّي لَمْ أَفْعَلْهُنَّ : فَوَدِدْتُ أَنِّي لَمْ أَكُنْ كَشَفْتُ بَيْتَ فَاطِمَةَ وَتَرَكْتُهُ ، وَأَنْ أُغْلِقَ عَلَى الْحَرْبِ ، وَوَدِدْتُ أَنِّي يَوْمَ سَقِيفَةَ بَنِي سَاعِدَةَ قَذَفْتُ الْأَمْرَ فِي عُنُقِ أَحَدِ الرَّجُلَيْنِ أَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ أَوْ عُمَرَ وَكَانَ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَكُنْتُ وَزِيرًا ، وَوَدِدْتُ أَنِّي حِينَ وَجَّهْتُ خَالِدَ بْنَ الْوَلِيدِ إِلَى أَهْلِ الرِّدَّةِ أَقَمْتُ بِذِي الْقَصَّةِ ، فَإِنْ ظَفِرَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ ظَفِرُوا ، وَإِلَّا كُنْتُ رِدْءًا وَمَدَدًا .
وَأَمَّا الثَّلَاثُ اللَّاتِي وَدِدْتُ أَنِّي فَعَلْتُهَا : فَوَدِدْتُ أَنِّي يَوْمَ أَتَيْتُ بِالْأَشْعَثِ أَسِيرًا ضَرَبْتُ عُنُقَهُ ، فَإِنَّهُ يُخَيَّلُ إِلَيَّ أَنَّهُ لَا يَكُونُ شَرٌّ إِلَّا طَارَ إِلَيْهِ ، وَوَدِدْتُ أَنِّي يَوْمَ أَتَيْتُ بِالْفُجَاةِ السُّلَمِيِّ لَمْ أَكُنْ أَحْرَقْتُهُ وَقَتَلْتُهُ سَرِيحًا أَوْ أَطْلَقْتُهُ نَجِيحًا ، وَوَدِدْتُ أَنِّي حِينَ وَجَّهْتُ خَالِدَ بْنَ الْوَلِيدِ إِلَى الشَّامِ وَجَّهْتُ عُمَرَ إِلَى الْعِرَاقِ فَأَكُونُ قَدْ بَسَطْتُ يَمِينِي وَشِمَالِي فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ - عَزَّ وَجَلَّ .
وَأَمَّا الثَّلَاثُ اللَّاتِي وَدِدْتُ أَنِّي سَأَلْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - عَنْهُنَّ : فَوَدِدْتُ أَنِّي سَأَلْتُهُ فَيْمَنْ هَذَا الْأَمْرُ ؟ فَلَا يُنَازِعُهُ أَهْلَهُ ، وَوَدِدْتُ أَنِّي كُنْتُ سَأَلْتُهُ : هَلْ لِلْأَنْصَارِ فِي هَذَا الْأَمْرِ سَبَبٌ ؟ وَوَدِدْتُ أَنِّي سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْعَمَّةِ وَبِنْتِ الْأَخِ فَإِنَّ فِي نَفْسِي مِنْهُمَا حَاجَةٌ .
رَوَاهُ الطَّبَرَانِيُّ ، وَفِيهِ عُلْوَانُ بْنُ دَاوُدَ الْبَجَلِيُّ ، وَهُوَ ضَعِيفٌ ، وَهَذَا الْأَثَرُ مِمَّا أُنْكِرَ عَلَيْهِ .
Sayyiduna Abd al-Rahman bin Awf (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: I came to Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) to visit him during the illness in which he passed away. I greeted him with salam and asked him: How are you? He sat up straight and said: Praise be to Allah, I am better now. He said: You can see the pain I am in, and despite this pain you people have given me a preoccupation. I have settled a covenant for you for after me, and I have chosen for you a man who, in my view, is the best of you, although every one of you is eager for the rule, hoping that it would come to him. I have seen the world, that it is coming; and when it is coming, understand that it has come. Soon you will adorn your homes with silk curtains and brocade cloths, and you will be as uncomfortable on bedding of Adharbi wool as if someone had been placed on the thorns of sa'dan. By Allah! That one of you should be brought forward and have his neck struck without any crime is better for him than that he should drown in the world. Then he said: I do not regret anything as much as I regret three things that I did, which I wish I had not done; and three things that I did not do, which I wish I had done; and three things about which I wish I had asked the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). As for the three things which I wish I had not done: I wish that I had not removed the covering of the house of Sayyidah Fatimah (may Allah be pleased with her) and had left it alone, and that I had closed the door on fighting; and I wish that on the day of the Saqifah of Banu Sa'idah I had placed the matter of rule on the neck of one of the two, Abu Ubaydah or Umar, so that he would have been the Commander of the Believers and I the minister; and I wish that when I sent Khalid bin al-Walid against the apostates, I myself had stayed at Dhu al-Qassah, so that if the Muslims succeeded, well and good, and otherwise I would be there to reinforce and support them. As for the three things which I wish I had done: I wish that on the day al-Ash'ath was brought to me as a captive, I had struck his neck, because it occurred to me that whatever evil there is, he will rush towards it; and I wish that on the day al-Fuja'ah al-Sulami was brought to me, I had not burnt him, but had killed him quickly or let him go; and I wish that when I sent Khalid bin al-Walid to Syria, I had sent Umar to Iraq, so that I would have stretched out both my right and my left hands in the way of Allah. As for the three things about which I wish I had asked the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him): I wish I had asked the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) who would receive the rule, so that no one would dispute with those entitled to it; and I wish I had asked the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) whether the Ansar would also have any share in the rule; and I wish I had asked the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) about the paternal aunt and the brother's daughter (and their inheritance), because I feel a need (for clarity) in my mind concerning the two of them.
Tabarani recorded it; its chain contains Ulwan bin Dawud al-Bajali, who is da'if (weak), and this report is among the narrations that have been declared munkar (objectionable).
Tabarani recorded it; its chain contains Ulwan bin Dawud al-Bajali, who is da'if (weak), and this report is among the narrations that have been declared munkar (objectionable).
