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مجمع الزوائد ومنبع الفوائد
Majma' al-Zawa'id
كتاب الخلافة
Book of the Caliphate
بَابُ كَرَاهَةِ الْوِلَايَةِ وَلِمَنْ تُسْتَحَبُّ .
The dislike of holding authority, and for whom it is recommended
Majma al-Zawaid — Hadith 9029
اُردوEn
وَعَنْ رَافِعِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو الطَّائِيِّ قَالَ : بَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - عَمْرَو بْنَ الْعَاصِ عَلَى جَيْشِ ذَاتِ السَّلَاسِلِ فَبَعَثَ مَعَهُ مَعَ ذَلِكَ الْجَيْشِ أَبَا بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرَ وَسَرَاةَ أَصْحَابِهِ ، فَانْطَلَقُوا حَتَّى نَزَلُوا جَبَلِي طَيِّءٍ فَقَالَ عَمْرٌو : انْظُرُوا إِلَى رَجُلٍ دَلِيلٍ بِالطَّرِيقِ ، فَقَالُوا : مَا نَعْلَمُهُ إِلَّا رَافِعَ بْنَ عَمْرٍو فَإِنَّهُ كَانَ رَبِيلًا ، فَسَأَلْتُ طَارِقًا : مَا الرَّبِيلُ ؟ قَالَ : اللِّصُّ الَّذِي يَغْزُو الْقَوْمَ وَحْدَهُ فَيَسْرِقُ .
قَالَ رَافِعٌ : فَلَمَّا قَضَيْنَا غَزَاتَنَا وَانْتَهَيْتُ إِلَى الْمَكَانِ الَّذِي كُنَّا خَرَجْنَا مِنْهُ تَوَسَّمْتُ أَبَا بَكْرٍ فَأَتَيْتُهُ فَقُلْتُ : يَا صَاحِبَ الْحَلَالِ إِنِّي تَوَسَّمْتُكَ مِنْ بَيْنِ أَصْحَابِكَ فَائْتِنِي بِشَيْءٍ إِذَا حَفِظْتُهُ كُنْتُ مِنْكُمْ وَمِثْلَكُمْ . فَقَالَ : أَتَحْفَظُ أَصَابِعَكَ الْخَمْسَ ؟ قُلْتُ : نَعَمْ . قَالَ : اشْهَدْ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَحْدَهُ لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا عَبْدُهُ وَرَسُولُهُ ، وَتُقِيمُ الصَّلَاةَ ، وَتُؤْتِي الزَّكَاةَ إِنْ كَانَ لَكَ مَالٌ ، وَتَحُجُّ الْبَيْتَ ، وَتَصُومُ رَمَضَانَ ، حَفِظْتَ ؟ فَقُلْتُ : نَعَمْ . قَالَ : وَأُخْرَى : لَا تَأَمَّرَنَّ عَلَى اثْنَيْنِ . قُلْتُ : وَهَلْ تَكُونُ الْإِمْرَةُ إِلَّا فِيكُمْ أَهْلِ بَدْرٍ ؟ قَالَ : يُوشِكُ أَنْ تَفْشُوا حَتَّى تَبْلُغَكَ وَمَنْ هُوَ دُونَكَ ، إِنَّ اللَّهَ - عَزَّ وَجَلَّ - لَمَّا بَعَثَ نَبِيَّهُ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - دَخَلَ النَّاسُ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ ، فَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ دَخَلَ فَهَدَاهُ اللَّهُ ، وَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ أَكْرَهَهُ السَّيْفُ ، فَهُمْ عُوَّادُ اللَّهِ - عَزَّ وَجَلَّ - وَجِيرَانُ اللَّهِ فِي خِفَارَةِ اللَّهِ ، إِنَّ الرَّجُلَ إِذَا كَانَ أَمِيرًا فَتَظَالَمَ النَّاسُ بَيْنَهُمْ فَلَمْ يَأْخُذْ لِبَعْضِهِمْ مِنْ بَعْضٍ انْتَقَمَ اللَّهُ مِنْهُ ، إِنِ الرَّجُلَ مِنْكُمْ لَتُؤْخَذُ شَاةُ جَارِهِ فَيَظَلُّ نَاتِئَ عَضَلَتِهِ غَضَبًا لِجَارِهِ وَاللَّهُ مِنْ وَرَاءِ جَارِهِ قَالَ رَافِعٌ : فَمَكَثْتُ سَنَةً ، ثُمَّ إِنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ اسْتُخْلِفَ فَرَكَنْتُ إِلَيْهِ قُلْتُ : أَنَا رَافِعٌ كَنْتُ لَقِيتُكَ بِمَكَانِ كَذَا وَكَذَا قَالَ : عَرَفْتُ قَالَ : كُنْتَ نَهَيْتَنِي عَنِ الْإِمَارَةِ ثُمَّ رَكَبْتَ أَعْظَمَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ أُمَّةَ مُحَمَّدٍ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - قَالَ : نَعَمْ فَمَنْ لَمْ يُقِمْ فِيهِمْ كِتَابَ اللَّهِ فَعَلَيْهِ بَهْلَةُ اللَّهِ - يَعْنِي لَعْنَةَ اللَّهِ .
رَوَاهُ الطَّبَرَانِيُّ وَرِجَالُهُ ثِقَاتٌ .
قَالَ رَافِعٌ : فَلَمَّا قَضَيْنَا غَزَاتَنَا وَانْتَهَيْتُ إِلَى الْمَكَانِ الَّذِي كُنَّا خَرَجْنَا مِنْهُ تَوَسَّمْتُ أَبَا بَكْرٍ فَأَتَيْتُهُ فَقُلْتُ : يَا صَاحِبَ الْحَلَالِ إِنِّي تَوَسَّمْتُكَ مِنْ بَيْنِ أَصْحَابِكَ فَائْتِنِي بِشَيْءٍ إِذَا حَفِظْتُهُ كُنْتُ مِنْكُمْ وَمِثْلَكُمْ . فَقَالَ : أَتَحْفَظُ أَصَابِعَكَ الْخَمْسَ ؟ قُلْتُ : نَعَمْ . قَالَ : اشْهَدْ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَحْدَهُ لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا عَبْدُهُ وَرَسُولُهُ ، وَتُقِيمُ الصَّلَاةَ ، وَتُؤْتِي الزَّكَاةَ إِنْ كَانَ لَكَ مَالٌ ، وَتَحُجُّ الْبَيْتَ ، وَتَصُومُ رَمَضَانَ ، حَفِظْتَ ؟ فَقُلْتُ : نَعَمْ . قَالَ : وَأُخْرَى : لَا تَأَمَّرَنَّ عَلَى اثْنَيْنِ . قُلْتُ : وَهَلْ تَكُونُ الْإِمْرَةُ إِلَّا فِيكُمْ أَهْلِ بَدْرٍ ؟ قَالَ : يُوشِكُ أَنْ تَفْشُوا حَتَّى تَبْلُغَكَ وَمَنْ هُوَ دُونَكَ ، إِنَّ اللَّهَ - عَزَّ وَجَلَّ - لَمَّا بَعَثَ نَبِيَّهُ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - دَخَلَ النَّاسُ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ ، فَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ دَخَلَ فَهَدَاهُ اللَّهُ ، وَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ أَكْرَهَهُ السَّيْفُ ، فَهُمْ عُوَّادُ اللَّهِ - عَزَّ وَجَلَّ - وَجِيرَانُ اللَّهِ فِي خِفَارَةِ اللَّهِ ، إِنَّ الرَّجُلَ إِذَا كَانَ أَمِيرًا فَتَظَالَمَ النَّاسُ بَيْنَهُمْ فَلَمْ يَأْخُذْ لِبَعْضِهِمْ مِنْ بَعْضٍ انْتَقَمَ اللَّهُ مِنْهُ ، إِنِ الرَّجُلَ مِنْكُمْ لَتُؤْخَذُ شَاةُ جَارِهِ فَيَظَلُّ نَاتِئَ عَضَلَتِهِ غَضَبًا لِجَارِهِ وَاللَّهُ مِنْ وَرَاءِ جَارِهِ قَالَ رَافِعٌ : فَمَكَثْتُ سَنَةً ، ثُمَّ إِنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ اسْتُخْلِفَ فَرَكَنْتُ إِلَيْهِ قُلْتُ : أَنَا رَافِعٌ كَنْتُ لَقِيتُكَ بِمَكَانِ كَذَا وَكَذَا قَالَ : عَرَفْتُ قَالَ : كُنْتَ نَهَيْتَنِي عَنِ الْإِمَارَةِ ثُمَّ رَكَبْتَ أَعْظَمَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ أُمَّةَ مُحَمَّدٍ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - قَالَ : نَعَمْ فَمَنْ لَمْ يُقِمْ فِيهِمْ كِتَابَ اللَّهِ فَعَلَيْهِ بَهْلَةُ اللَّهِ - يَعْنِي لَعْنَةَ اللَّهِ .
رَوَاهُ الطَّبَرَانِيُّ وَرِجَالُهُ ثِقَاتٌ .
Sayyiduna Rafi' bin Amr al-Ta'i (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) sent Sayyiduna Amr bin al-As (may Allah be pleased with him) as commander of the army of Dhat al-Salasil, and along with that army he also sent Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him), Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) and eminent Companions. They set out until they camped between the two mountains of Tayyi'. Sayyiduna Amr (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Find a man who can guide us along the road. The people said: As far as we know, only Rafi' bin Amr can do this, because he is a rabil. (One of the narrators of the report says:) I asked my teacher: What is meant by rabil? He said: A thief who goes to people alone and steals. Sayyiduna Rafi' (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: When we had completed our campaign and I reached the place from which I had set out, I found Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) there. I came to him and said: Sir, I have singled you out from among your companions; tell me something which, once I have memorised it, will make me one of you and like you. He said: Can you keep (five things) on your five fingers? I said: Yes. He said: Then bear witness that there is no god except Allah, He alone, He has no partner, and that Sayyiduna Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) is His servant and His Messenger; and establish the prayer, and pay zakah if you have wealth, and perform Hajj to the House of Allah, and fast in Ramadan. Will you remember it? I replied: Yes! He said: There is one more thing: never become the amir over two men. I said: Is being amir reserved only for you people, the people of Badr? He said: It may well spread later on until it reaches you, and even those below you. When Allah Almighty sent His Prophet, people entered Islam. Among them were some who entered and Allah Almighty guided them, and among them were some whom the sword compelled; yet they are the guests of Allah Almighty and the neighbours of Allah Almighty, and they are under the protection of Allah Almighty. When a man becomes amir and the people wrong one another, and he does not take the right of one of them from the other, Allah Almighty will take revenge on that man. If the goat of a neighbour of one of you is taken, he remains with his muscles bulging in anger for his neighbour's sake, while Allah Almighty stands behind His neighbour. Sayyiduna Rafi' (may Allah be pleased with him) says: A year passed, then Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) was appointed caliph. I came to him and said: I am Rafi'; I met you at such-and-such a place. Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) replied: I have recognised you. Sayyiduna Rafi' (may Allah be pleased with him) said: You used to forbid me from becoming amir, and you have become an amir greater than that; you have become the amir of the entire Ummah of Sayyiduna Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him). Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Yes! Whoever does not uphold the Book of Allah (its rulings) among them, upon him will be the "bahlah" of Allah. The narrator says: that is, the curse of Allah.
Tabarani recorded it, and its narrators are thiqat (trustworthy).
Tabarani recorded it, and its narrators are thiqat (trustworthy).
