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السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الشهادات
Book of Testimonies
باب: : ما تجوز به شهادة أهل الأهواء
Chapter: What makes the testimony of the people of innovation acceptable
Bayhaqi Q20916 — What makes the testimony of the people of innovation
اُردوEn
قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ: " كُلُّ مَنْ تَأَوَّلَ فَأَتَى شَيْئًا مُسْتَحِلًّا كَانَ فِيهِ حَدٌّ أَوْ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَمْ تُرَدَّ شَهَادَتُهُ بِذَلِكَ، أَلَا تَرَى أَنَّ مِمَّنْ حُمِلَ عَنْهُ الدِّينُ، وَنُصِبَ عَلَمًا فِي الْبُلْدَانِ مَنْ قَدِ اسْتَحَلَّ الْمُتْعَةَ، وَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ يَسْتَحِلُّ الدِّينَارَ بِعَشَرَةِ دَنَانِيرَ، يَدًا بِيَدٍ، وَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ قَدْ تَأَوَّلَ فَاسْتَحَلَّ سَفْكَ الدِّمَاءِ، وَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ تَأَوَّلَ فَشَرِبَ كُلَّ مُسْكِرٍ غَيْرَ الْخَمْرِ، وَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ أَحَلَّ إِتْيَانَ النِّسَاءِ فِي أَدْبَارِهِنَّ، وَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ أَحَلَّ بُيُوعًا مُحَرَّمَةً عِنْدَ غَيْرِهِ، فَإِذَا كَانَ هَؤُلَاءِ - مَعَ مَا وَصَفْتُ - أَهْلَ ثِقَةٍ فِي دِينِهِمْ، وَقَنَاعَةٍ عِنْدَ مَنْ عَرَفَهُمْ، وَقَدْ تُرِكَ عَلَيْهِ مَا تَأَوَّلُوا فَأَخْطَئُوا فِيهِ، وَلَمْ يَخْرُجُوا بِعَظِيمِ الْخَطَأِ إِذَا كَانَ مِنْهُمْ عَلَى وَجْهِ الِاسْتِحْلَالِ كَانَ جَمِيعُ أَهْلِ الْأَهْوَاءِ فِي هَذِهِ الْمَنْزِلَةِ ".
Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "Everyone who made an interpretation (of some evidence) and then committed an act while considering it lawful, whether it carries a prescribed punishment (hadd) or not, his testimony is not rejected because of it. Do you not see that among those from whom (knowledge of) the religion was taken, and who were set up as beacons (of knowledge) in the lands, are some who considered temporary marriage (mut'ah) lawful; some who consider (selling) one dinar for ten dinars hand to hand lawful; some who, by interpretation, considered shedding blood lawful; some who, by interpretation, drank every intoxicant other than wine (khamr); some who declared lawful approaching women in their rear; and some who declared lawful sales that are unlawful in the view of others? So since these people, despite what I have described, are trustworthy in their religion and well regarded by those who know them, and their interpretations in which they erred have been left (without being held against them), and they were not removed (from uprightness) by that great error since it came from them on the basis of considering it lawful, then all the people of desires (innovators) are of this same rank."
