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13 Jumada I 1448 AH

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Bayhaqi 15460 — The waiting period after death

قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ: قَالَ اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ: {وَالَّذِينَ يُتَوَفَّوْنَ مِنْكُمْ وَيَذَرُونَ أَزْوَاجًا وَصِيَّةً لِأَزْوَاجِهِمْ مَتَاعًا إِلَى الْحَوْلِ غَيْرَ إِخْرَاجٍ فَإِنْ خَرَجْنَ فَلَا جُنَاحَ عَلَيْكُمْ فِيمَا فَعَلْنَ فِي أَنْفُسِهِنَّ} قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ: حَفِظْتُ عَنْ غَيْرِ وَاحِدٍ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ بِالْقُرْآنِ أَنَّ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ نَزَلَتْ قَبْلَ نُزُولِ آيِ الْمَوَارِيثِ وَأَنَّهَا مَنْسُوخَةٌ وَأَنَّ اللهَ أَثْبَتَ عَلَيْهَا عِدَّةَ أَرْبَعَةِ أَشْهُرٍ وَعَشْرًا لَيْسَ لَهَا الْخِيَارُ فِي الْخُرُوجِ مِنْهَا وَلَا النِّكَاحُ قَبْلَهَا.
Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, says: 'And those of you who die and leave behind wives should make a bequest for their wives: provision for a year without turning them out (of the home); but if they leave (of their own accord), there is no sin upon you for what they do with themselves (in a recognized manner).' [Surah al-Baqarah: 240]"
Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "I have preserved from more than one of the people of knowledge of the Qur'an that this verse was revealed before the revelation of the verses of inheritance and that it is abrogated, and that Allah Almighty made binding upon her (the widow) a waiting period of four months and ten days; she has no choice to leave it, nor to marry before it (ends)."
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَمْرٍو الْأَدِيبُ، نا أَبُو بَكْرٍ الْإِسْمَاعِيلِيُّ، نا أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ نَصْرٍ الْحَذَّاءُ نا عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْمَدِينِيِّ، نا يَزِيدُ بْنُ زُرَيْعٍ، نا حَبِيبُ بْنُ الشَّهِيدِ، نا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ أَبِي مُلَيْكَةَ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ قَالَ: قُلْتُ، ح، وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، أنا أَبُو زَكَرِيَّا يَحْيَى بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْعَنْبَرِيُّ نا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ نا أُمَيَّةُ بْنُ بِسْطَامٍ، نا يَزِيدُ بْنُ زُرَيْعٍ، عَنْ حَبِيبٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي مُلَيْكَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ ابْنُ الزُّبَيْرِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا فَقُلْتُ لِعُثْمَانَ بْنِ عَفَّانَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ: {وَالَّذِينَ يُتَوَفَّوْنَ مِنْكُمْ وَيَذَرُونَ أَزْوَاجًا} [البقرة: ٢٣٤] قَدْ نَسَخَتْهَا الْآيَةُ الْأُخْرَى فَلَمْ تَكْتُبْهَا أَوْ تَدَعْهَا قَالَ: " يَا ابْنَ أَخِي لَا أُغَيِّرُ شَيْئًا مِنْهُ مِنْ مَكَانِهِ " وَفِي رِوَايَةِ عَلِيٍّ لَمْ تَكْتُبْهَا وَقَدْ نَسَخَتْهَا الْآيَةُ الْأُخْرَى {وَالَّذِينَ يُتَوَفَّوْنَ مِنْكُمْ وَيَذَرُونَ أَزْوَاجًا يَتَرَبَّصْنَ بِأَنْفُسِهِنَّ أَرْبَعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ وَعَشْرًا} [البقرة: ٢٣٤]، رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ فِي الصَّحِيحِ، عَنْ أُمَيَّةَ بْنِ بِسْطَامٍ.
It is narrated from Ibn Abi Mulaykah that Sayyiduna Abdullah bin al-Zubayr (may Allah be pleased with them both) said: I said to Sayyiduna Uthman bin Affan (may Allah be pleased with him) that the verse 'And those of you who die and leave behind wives' [Surah al-Baqarah: 240] has been abrogated by the other verse, so why are you writing it, or why are you leaving it (in place)? He said: O son of my brother, I will not change anything of it from its place. And in the narration of Ali (bin al-Madini): Why do you write it when it has been abrogated by the other verse, 'And those of you who die and leave behind wives, they shall wait concerning themselves for four months and ten days' [Surah al-Baqarah: 234]?
Imam al-Bukhari (may Allah have mercy on him) narrated it in his Sahih from Umayyah bin Bistam.
Hadith Reference السنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب العدد / 15460
Hadith Grading محدثین: صحيح4530
Hadith Takhrij «صحيح4530»

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