السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الشهادات
Book of Testimonies
باب: : من قال: لا تقبل شهادته
One who said his testimony is not accepted
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أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، ثنا الْعَبَّاسُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الدُّورِيُّ، ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ أَبِي بُكَيْرٍ، ثنا أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ الرَّازِيُّ، عَنْ آدَمَ بْنِ فَائِدٍ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ جَدِّهِ، قَالَ: قَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " لَا تَجُوزُ شَهَادَةُ خَائِنٍ، وَلَا خَائِنَةٍ، وَلَا مَحْدُودٍ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ، وَلَا مَحْدُودَةٍ، وَلَا ذِي غِمْرٍ عَلَى أَخِيهِ ".
Amr bin Shu'ayb narrates from his father, and he from his grandfather (may Allah be pleased with him), that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The testimony of a treacherous man or woman, of a man or woman upon whom a prescribed punishment (hadd) has been carried out in Islam, and of one who harbours rancour against his brother, will not be accepted."
وَحَدَّثَنَا أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ يُوسُفَ الْأَصْبَهَانِيُّ، أنبأ أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ دَعْلَجُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ دَعْلَجَ السِّجْزِيُّ بِبَغْدَادَ، ثنا أَبُو مُسْلِمٍ إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ، ثنا مُسْلِمُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، ثنا قَزَعَةُ بْنُ سُوَيْدٍ، ثنا الْمُثَنَّى بْنُ الصَّبَّاحِ، ثنا عَمْرُو بْنُ شُعَيْبٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ جَدِّهِ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: " لَا تَجُوزُ شَهَادَةُ خَائِنٍ وَلَا خَائِنَةٍ، وَلَا مَوْقُوفٍ عَلَى حَدٍّ، وَلَا ذِي غِمْرٍ عَلَى أَخِيهِ " آدَمُ بْنُ فَائِدٍ، وَالْمُثَنَّى بْنُ الصَّبَّاحِ لَا يُحْتَجُّ بِهِمَا، وَرُوِيَ مِنْ أَوْجُهٍ ضَعِيفَةٍ، عَنْ عَمْرٍو، وَمَنْ رَوَى مِنَ الثِّقَاتِ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ، عَنْ عَمْرٍو لَمْ يَذْكُرْ فِيهِ الْمَجْلُودَ، وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ، وَقَدْ رُوِيَ مِنْ وَجْهَيْنِ آخَرِينَ ضَعِيفَيْنِ.
Amr bin Shu'ayb narrates from his father, and he from his grandfather (may Allah be pleased with him), that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The testimony of a treacherous man or woman, of one upon whom a prescribed punishment (hadd) is due, and of one who harbours rancour against his brother, will not be accepted."
Adam bin Fa'id and al-Muthanna bin al-Sabbah are not used as evidence. It has also been narrated from Amr through weak chains, and those of the trustworthy narrators who narrated this hadith from Amr did not mention in it the one flogged (under a hadd); and Allah knows best. It has also been narrated through two other weak chains.
Adam bin Fa'id and al-Muthanna bin al-Sabbah are not used as evidence. It has also been narrated from Amr through weak chains, and those of the trustworthy narrators who narrated this hadith from Amr did not mention in it the one flogged (under a hadd); and Allah knows best. It has also been narrated through two other weak chains.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو سَعْدٍ الْمَالِينِيُّ، أنبأ أَبُو أَحْمَدَ بْنُ عَدِيٍّ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْوَاحِدِ، بِصُورَ، ثنا مُوسَى بْنُ أَيُّوبَ النَّصِيبِيُّ، ح، قَالَ: وَثَنَا أَبُو أَحْمَدَ، قَالَ: وَثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ، بِدِمَشْقَ، ثنا دُحَيْمٌ، قَالَا: ثنا مَرْوَانُ بْنُ مُعَاوِيَةَ، عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ أَبِي زِيَادٍ الدِّمَشْقِيِّ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنْ عُرْوَةَ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا قَالَتْ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " لَا تَجُوزُ شَهَادَةُ خَائِنٍ وَلَا خَائِنَةٍ وَلَا مَجْلُودِ حَدٍّ، وَلَا ذِي غِمْرٍ لِأَخِيهِ، وَلَا مُجَرَّبٍ عَلَيْهِ شَهَادَةُ زُورٍ، وَلَا ظَنِينٍ فِي وَلَاءٍ، وَلَا قَرَابَةٍ ". يَزِيدُ بْنُ أَبِي زِيَادٍ، وَيُقَالُ: ابْنُ زِيَادٍ الشَّامِيُّ هَذَا ضَعِيفٌ.
Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) says that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The testimony of a treacherous man or woman, of one upon whom a prescribed punishment (hadd) has been carried out, of one who harbours rancour against his brother, of one known to have given false testimony, and of one suspected regarding his clientage (wala') or kinship, is not permissible."
This Yazid bin Abi Ziyad, who is also called Ibn Ziyad al-Shami, is da'if (weak).
This Yazid bin Abi Ziyad, who is also called Ibn Ziyad al-Shami, is da'if (weak).
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ السُّلَمِيُّ، وَأَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ الْفَقِيهُ، قَالَا: أنبأ عَلِيُّ بْنُ عُمَرَ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، ثنا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ خَلَفٍ الدِّمَشْقِيُّ، ثنا ⦗٢٦٢⦘ سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، ثنا عَبْدُ الْأَعْلَى بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، ثنا الزُّهْرِيُّ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيِّبِ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ، رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ خَطَبَ وَقَالَ: " أَلَا، لَا تَجُوزُ شَهَادَةُ الْخَائِنِ، وَلَا الْخَائِنَةُ، وَلَا ذِي غِمْرٍ عَلَى أَخِيهِ، وَلَا الْمَوْقُوفِ عَلَى حَدٍّ ". قَالَ عَلِيٌّ: يَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ هُوَ الْفَارِسِيُّ: مَتْرُوكٌ، وَعَبْدُ الْأَعْلَى ضَعِيفٌ، قَالَ الشَّيْخُ: " لَا يَصِحُّ فِي هَذَا عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ شَيْءٌ يُعْتَمَدُ عَلَيْهِ، وَيُرْوَى عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ.
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) says that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) delivered a sermon and said: "The testimony of a treacherous man or woman, of one who harbours rancour against his brother, and of one who has been made to stand for a prescribed punishment (hadd), is not permissible."
Ali (al-Daraqutni) said: Yahya bin Sa'id is al-Farisi, who is matruk (abandoned), and Abd al-A'la is da'if (weak). The Shaykh (al-Bayhaqi) said: Nothing reliable is authentic from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) on this; it is narrated from Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him).
Ali (al-Daraqutni) said: Yahya bin Sa'id is al-Farisi, who is matruk (abandoned), and Abd al-A'la is da'if (weak). The Shaykh (al-Bayhaqi) said: Nothing reliable is authentic from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) on this; it is narrated from Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him).
حَدَّثَنَاهُ أَبُو طَاهِرٍ الْفَقِيهُ، أنبأ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى، ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ الرَّبِيعِ الْمَكِّيُّ، ثنا سُفْيَانُ، عَنْ إِدْرِيسَ الْأَوْدِيِّ، قَالَ: أَخْرَجَ إِلَيْنَا سَعِيدُ بْنُ أَبِي بُرْدَةَ كِتَابًا فَقَالَ: هَذَا كِتَابُ عُمَرَ إِلَى أَبِي مُوسَى رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا فَذَكَرَهُ. فَقَالَ فِيهِ: " وَالْمُسْلِمُونَ عُدُولٌ بَعْضُهُمْ عَلَى بَعْضٍ، إِلَّا مَجْلُودًا فِي حَدٍّ، أَوْ مُجَرَّبًا فِي شَهَادَةِ زُورٍ، أَوْ ظَنِينًا فِي وَلَاءٍ أَوْ قَرَابَةٍ ". وَهَذَا إِنَّمَا أَرَادَ بِهِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَتُوبَ، فَقَدْ رُوِّينَا عَنْهُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ لِأَبِي بَكْرَةَ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ: " تُبْ تُقْبَلْ شَهَادَتُكَ "، وَهَذَا هُوَ الْمُرَادُ بِمَا عَسَى يَصِحُّ فِيهِ مِنَ الْأَخْبَارِ، كَمَا هُوَ الْمُرَادُ بِسَائِرِ مَنْ رَدَّ شَهَادَتَهُ مَعَهُ، وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ.
Idris al-Awdi (may Allah have mercy on him) says that Sa'id bin Abi Burdah (may Allah have mercy on him) brought out a letter before us and said: This letter is from Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) to Sayyiduna Abu Musa al-Ash'ari (may Allah be pleased with him). In it is that all Muslims may testify regarding one another, except one who has been flogged under a prescribed punishment (hadd), one known to have given false testimony, or one suspected regarding his lineage or kinship. What is meant by these is (their state) before repentance. It was said to Sayyiduna Abu Bakrah (may Allah be pleased with him): Repent, and your testimony will be accepted.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو نَصْرِ بْنُ قَتَادَةَ، أنبأ أَبُو مَنْصُورٍ النَّضْرَوِيُّ، ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ نَجْدَةَ، ثنا سَعِيدُ بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ، ثنا هُشَيْمٌ، أنبأ الشَّيْبَانِيُّ، عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ، عَنْ شُرَيْحٍ، أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَقُولُ: " لَا تَجُوزُ شَهَادَةُ الْقَاذِفِ أَبَدًا، وَتَوْبَتُهُ فِيمَا بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ رَبِّهِ ".
Al-Sha'bi (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates from Qadi Shurayh (may Allah have mercy on him) that the testimony of a slanderer is never to be accepted, and the matter of his repentance is between Allah and the servant.
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ، ثنا هُشَيْمٌ، أنبأ مُغِيرَةُ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، قَالَ: وَأنبأ يُونُسُ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ، قَالَا: " لَا تُقْبَلُ شَهَادَتُهُ أَبَدًا، وَتَوْبَتُهُ فِيمَا بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ اللهُ ".
Ibrahim (al-Nakha'i) and al-Hasan (may Allah have mercy on them both) say: His testimony will never be accepted; the matter of repentance is between the servant and Allah.
قَالَ: وَثَنَا سَعِيدٌ، ثنا شَرِيكٌ، عَنْ سَالِمٍ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ، قَالَ: " تَوْبَتُهُ فِيمَا بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ رَبِّهِ مِنَ الْعَذَابِ الْعَظِيمِ، وَلَا تُقْبَلُ شَهَادَتُهُ ".
Sa'id bin Jubayr (may Allah have mercy on him) says that the matter of (the slanderer's) repentance, (to be saved) from the great punishment, is between Allah, the Lord of Might, and the servant, and his testimony will not be accepted.
قَالَ: وَثَنَا سَعِيدٌ، ثنا هُشَيْمٌ، أنبأ عُبَيْدَةُ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، فِي الْقَاذِفِ: " إِذَا شَهِدَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُجْلَدَ، فَشَهَادَتُهُ جَائِزَةٌ ".
Ibrahim (may Allah have mercy on him) says about the slanderer: "If the slanderer testifies before he is punished (flogged), his testimony is acceptable."
