One who designates some of his wealth as charity, for the cause of Allah, or for the door of the Kabah, in the sense of an oath

Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "The view that Ata' (may Allah have mercy on him) held is that the expiation of an oath suffices him in this (case). Whoever holds this view has said the same about everything in which he breaks his oath, except freeing a slave or divorce. This is also the view of Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her), and the view of a number of the Companions of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) (may Allah be pleased with them)."

Mansur bin Abd al-Rahman, a man of Banu Abd al-Dar, narrates from his mother Safiyyah (may Allah be pleased with her) that she heard Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) when she was asked about a person who says: "My wealth is in the way of Allah," or "All my wealth is for the Ka'bah": what is its expiation? Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) said: "Its expiation is the same as that of an oath."

Mansur bin Abd al-Rahman narrates from his mother Safiyyah bint Shaybah, who narrates from Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her), that a man or a woman asked her about a matter that was between her and her relative. She had sworn that if she spoke to him, her wealth would be devoted to the Ka'bah. Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) said: "She must give the expiation of an oath."

Sa'id bin al-Musayyib (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Two brothers from the Ansar shared an inheritance. One of them demanded that it be divided, so the other said: "If you ask me again, I will never speak to you, and all my wealth will be devoted to the Ka'bah." Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "The Ka'bah has no need of your wealth. Expiate your oath and speak to your brother, for I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) say: 'There is no oath binding on you, and no vow, in disobedience to the Lord, nor in severing ties of kinship, nor in what you do not own.'"

Abd al-Rahman bin Abi Rafi' narrates from his father (may Allah be pleased with him) that he was the slave of the daughter of the paternal uncle of Sayyiduna Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him). She swore that her wealth was charity for the poor, so Sayyiduna Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) said: "Expiate your oath."

Abu Rafi' narrates from Sayyiduna Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both), Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) and Umm Salamah (may Allah be pleased with her) that they said: "Expiate your oath."

Abu Rafi' (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates similarly from Zaynab, a woman of the Muhajirat, Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar and Sayyidah Hafsah bint Umar (may Allah be pleased with them). Bakr bin Abdullah also narrates similarly from Abu Rafi' (may Allah be pleased with him).

Bakr bin Abdullah al-Muzani (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates from Sayyiduna Abu Rafi' (may Allah be pleased with him) that there was a dispute between him and his wife, so his mistress swore an oath.
(b) Bakr bin Abdullah al-Muzani (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates from Sayyiduna Abu Rafi' (may Allah be pleased with him) that his mistress wanted to separate him from his wife. She said: "She will be a Jew one day and a Christian one day, all her slaves are free, all her wealth is in the way of Allah, and she is obliged to walk (for Hajj) to the House of Allah, if they are not separated." She asked Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her), Sayyiduna Ibn Umar and Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them), Sayyidah Hafsah (may Allah be pleased with her) and Sayyidah Umm Salamah (may Allah be pleased with her), and they said: "Do you want to be like Harut and Marut?" They ordered her to expiate her oath and leave the two of them alone.

Bakr bin Abdullah al-Muzani narrates from Sayyiduna Abu Rafi' (may Allah be pleased with him) that he said: My mistress said: "I will certainly have you and your wife separated; all her wealth is for the Ka'bah, and she will be a Jew, a Christian or a Magian if you and your wife are not separated." He said: I went to Sayyidah Umm Salamah (may Allah be pleased with her) and said: "My mistress wants to separate us." She said: "Go and tell her: This is not permissible for you." So I went back. He said: Then I came to Sayyiduna Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) and informed him. He came to the door and said: "Are Harut and Marut here?" She said: "I have devoted all my wealth to the Ka'bah." He said: "Then what will you eat?" She said: "And I will be a Jew, a Christian or a Magian." He said: "If you become a Jew, a Christian or a Magian, you will be killed." The woman said: "Then what do you order me to do?" He said: "Expiate your oath, and reunite your slave and his wife."

Bakr bin Abdullah al-Muzani narrates from Sayyiduna Abu Rafi' (may Allah be pleased with him) that Layla bint al-Ajma', his mistress, said: "She is a Jew and she is a Christian, all her slaves are free, and all her wealth is a sacrificial offering (hady), if he does not divorce his wife and you two are not separated." So he went to Sayyidah Zaynab (may Allah be pleased with her), and she went with him. She said: "Are Harut and Marut here?" She (Layla) said: "Allah knows what I said: All my wealth is a sacrificial offering, all my slaves are free, and she is a Jew and she is a Christian." She (Zaynab) said: "Leave the man and his wife alone." He said: Then I went to Sayyidah Hafsah (may Allah be pleased with her), and she sent word to her just as Zaynab had said: "Leave the man and his wife alone." Then I came to Sayyiduna Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both); he came with me and stood at the door. When he gave the greeting of peace, she said: "May my father be ransomed for you and for your father!" Sayyiduna Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) said: "Are you made of stone or of iron? Sayyidah Zaynab (may Allah be pleased with her) came to you, and Sayyidah Hafsah (may Allah be pleased with her) sent word to you." She said: "I have sworn such and such." He said: "Expiate your oath, and leave the man and his wife alone."
Al-Shaykh said: This concerns what is other than freeing slaves, for it has been narrated from Sayyiduna Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) through another chain that the freeing (of slaves) does take effect, and likewise from Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both). It seems the narrator fell short in conveying it in the narration of Bakr bin Abdullah, or she owned no slave at that time, so they did not address it. And Allah knows best.

Mujahid narrates from Sayyiduna Umar and Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with them both) that they said: "(If) a man swears to walk (for Hajj), or that his wealth is charity for the poor, or that it is for the Ka'bah, then this is an oath; its expiation is feeding ten poor people."

Rabi' (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates from Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) that a man asked him about walking (for Hajj), having broken his oath to walk to the Ka'bah, and he gave him a ruling that he must give the expiation of an oath. The man said: "O Abu Abdullah, is this what you hold?" He said: "This is the view of one who was better than me." He asked: "Who was he?" He said: "Ata' bin Abi Rabah (may Allah have mercy on him)."

Mansur narrates from al-Hasan (may Allah have mercy on him), and Hajjaj from Ata' (may Allah have mercy on him), that both of them said about a person who said that he would enter ihram for Hajj and then broke his oath: "He owes the expiation of an oath."

Uqbah bin Amir (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) that he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The expiation of a vow is the expiation of an oath."

Amr bin Shu'ayb narrates from his father, from his grandfather (may Allah be pleased with them both), that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "A vow is only that by which the pleasure of Allah is sought."