Abu Burdah (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates from Sayyiduna Abu Musa al-Ash'ari (may Allah be pleased with him) that he said: I came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) with a group of the Ash'aris seeking mounts. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "By Allah! I will not give you mounts, nor do I have any." We stayed with him (peace and blessings be upon him) as long as Allah willed. Then camels were brought to him (peace and blessings be upon him), and he (peace and blessings be upon him) gave us three camels with white humps. When we set off, we said, or some of us said: May Allah not bless us! We asked the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) for mounts, but he (peace and blessings be upon him) swore that he would not give them, and then he (peace and blessings be upon him) provided mounts after all. They came and informed the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Allah has given you mounts; I did not give them." He (peace and blessings be upon him) went on to say: "If I swear an oath about something and something else is better than it, I break my oath and do the better thing, and give the expiation for the oath."
(b) Hammad was in doubt whether he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "I give the expiation for my oath and then do the better thing," or said: "I do the better thing and give the expiation for my oath."
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الأيمان / 19950
It is narrated from Zahdam al-Jarmi (may Allah have mercy on him) (the narrator said: I remember al-Qasim's narration better) that he said: We were with Abu Musa (may Allah be pleased with him). He called for a dining cloth, and on it was chicken meat. A red-complexioned man from the tribe of Banu Taym Allah came in. Abu Musa (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "Come." He made an excuse, so Abu Musa (may Allah be pleased with him) said: I saw the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him); he (peace and blessings be upon him) used to eat it, or eat from it. He said: By Allah, I too saw it eating certain things, because of which I swore that I would not eat its meat. Abu Musa (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Come, I will tell you: the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "If I swear an oath about something and something else is better than it, I do that and give the expiation for my oath. Go, Allah has given you mounts."
(b) Hammad bin Zayd and others say that he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "I do the better thing and end my oath."
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الأيمان / 19952
Abu al-Darda (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Allah granted His Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) camels as fay' (spoils). He (peace and blessings be upon him) distributed them, and Abu Musa (may Allah be pleased with him) asked him (peace and blessings be upon him) for camels. He (peace and blessings be upon him) refused, and this happened three times. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "No, by Allah! I will not give." He said: Four camels remained, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "O Abu Musa (may Allah be pleased with him), take them." He said: O Prophet of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)! I asked, and you (peace and blessings be upon him) swore that you would not give; could it be that you (peace and blessings be upon him) have forgotten? He said: "If I swear an oath about something, and then something else is better than it, I give the expiation for my oath and do the better thing."
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الأيمان / 19953
Abd al-Rahman bin Samurah (may Allah be pleased with him) said: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said to me: "O Abd al-Rahman bin Samurah! Never ask for leadership. If it is given to you because you asked, you will be left to it, and if it is given to you without asking, you will be helped. And when you swear an oath about something, and then something else is better than it, give the expiation for your oath and do the better thing."
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الأيمان / 19954
Sayyiduna Abd al-Rahman bin Samurah (may Allah be pleased with him) said that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said (and he mentioned it in the same way), and he said: "Give the expiation for your oath and do the better thing."
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الأيمان / 19956
Sayyiduna Abd al-Rahman bin Samurah (may Allah be pleased with him) mentioned it in the same way. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Give the expiation for your oath and do the better thing."
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الأيمان / 19957
Abd al-Rahman bin Samurah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "When you swear an oath about something, and then something else is better than it, give the expiation for your oath and do the better thing."
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الأيمان / 19959
Sayyiduna Abd al-Rahman bin Samurah (may Allah be pleased with him) said that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "O Abd al-Rahman!" Then he mentioned the like of it. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "If you see something else as better, give the expiation for the oath and do the better thing."
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الأيمان / 19960
Hadrat Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) said that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whoever swears an oath about something and something else is better than it, let him give the expiation for his oath and do the good thing."
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الأيمان / 19961
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "When you swear an oath about something, and then something else is better than it, give the expiation for your oath and do that better thing."
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الأيمان / 19962
Adi bin Hatim (may Allah be pleased with him) said that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "When one of you swears an oath about something, and then something else is better than it, let him give the expiation for his oath and do the better thing."
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الأيمان / 19963
Abu Dawud al-Sijistani (may Allah have mercy on him) mentioned the hadiths of Abu Musa al-Ash'ari, Adi bin Hatim and Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with them).
The Shaykh said: The hadiths of Abd al-Rahman bin Samurah (may Allah be pleased with him) indicate breaking the oath first and giving the expiation afterwards, and most (of the narrations) are: "Let him give the expiation for the oath and then do the better thing."
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الأيمان / 19964
Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Giving the expiation by feeding before breaking the oath will suffice him. This is Allah's right over the wealth and persons of (His) servants; if they fulfil the right before its time comes, it will suffice. The basis of this is that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) took the zakah from Hadrat Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) before the year had passed, and the Muslims pay sadaqat al-fitr before Eid al-Fitr; so all (such) rights were deduced by analogy with this.
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الأيمان / 19965
Sayyiduna Ali bin Abi Talib (may Allah be pleased with him) said that Abbas bin Abd al-Muttalib (may Allah be pleased with him) asked the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him): Can zakah be given before the year has passed? And he (peace and blessings be upon him) granted him permission.
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الأيمان / 19966