Sayyiduna Uqbah bin Amir (may Allah be pleased with him) says: We said: O Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)! You send us to a people, and if they do not host us, (what then)? The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "If you stay as guests with a people and they arrange for you the hospitality that is fitting, then accept it; and if they do not arrange hospitality, then you may take from them the due right of hospitality."
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الجزية / 18693
Abu Karimah (may Allah be pleased with him) heard the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him); he (peace and blessings be upon him) was saying: "Hosting (a guest) for the night is an obligation on every Muslim, and whoever the guest spends the morning with, it is an obligation upon him to host him" — or he said: "it is a debt upon him; if he (the guest) wishes he may claim it, and if he wishes he may leave it."
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الجزية / 18694
Sayyiduna Miqdam bin Ma'dikarib (may Allah be pleased with him) says that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "When people do not host a guest and the guest spends the morning in a state of deprivation, it is an obligation on every Muslim to take for him the share of his night's hospitality from their crops and wealth."
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الجزية / 18695
Qays bin Muslim narrates that Sayyiduna Tariq bin Shihab (may Allah be pleased with him) says: Some people of the Ansar set out from Kufah towards Madinah. They came to a clan of Banu Asad. They had run out of provisions, so they asked them to sell them something, and (the clan) had fine wealth. They refused to sell. They asked for hospitality, and they said: We cannot host you either. Then fighting broke out between them, and the Bedouins abandoned their houses along with what was in them, and they took one sheep for every ten of them. The narrator says: They came and told Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him), and he praised and glorified Allah and said: Had I given instructions on this beforehand, I would have done such and such. Then he wrote to the cities and to the dhimmis that they should provide a night's hospitality to a guest.
(b) Abd al-Rahman bin Abi Layla narrates from his father (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) divided sheep among his Companions, giving one sheep to every ten of them. This is a sunnah. The narrator says: On the occasion of Khaybar, he (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered the cooking pots to be overturned.
(c) Ibn Abi Layla says that Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) prescribed a night's hospitality among the Muslims and the mu'ahadin (people under treaty). Ibn Abi Layla says: The people used to receive us with a night's hospitality, which in Persian they call "sham", that is, supper.
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الجزية / 18696
Hakim bin Umayr says that Sayyiduna Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) wrote to the commanders of the armies: Whichever group of the Muhajirun is overtaken by night while travelling in a village of the mu'ahadin (people under treaty), and they do not host them, then the treaty with them is ended and the protection is lifted.
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الجزية / 18697
Sayyiduna Jundub bin Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him) says: We would take from the fruits and fodder of the dhimmis, but we did not share in their women or their wealth, and we would take along a capable person who would guide us on the way.
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الجزية / 18698
Sa'sa'ah says: I said to Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both): We come to a village in the Sawad and ask for the door to be opened; if it is not opened for us, we break the door, take out a sheep and slaughter it. He said: Why do you do that? I said: We consider it lawful for us. The narrator says: He recited this verse: "That is because they said: 'The unlettered have no claim against us,' and they tell a lie against Allah while they know." [Surah Al Imran: 75]
If this concerns the mu'ahadin (people under treaty), it is because they had not made peace with them on (the condition of) hospitality, so it was not lawful for them to take it; and Allah knows best.
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الجزية / 18699