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السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الجزية
Book of Jizyah
باب: ما جاء في ضيافة من نزل به
Chapter: Reports on hosting one who comes as a guest
Bayhaqi 18696 — Reports on hosting one who comes as a guest
اُردوEn
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ يَحْيَى بْنِ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ السُّكَّرِيُّ بِبَغْدَادَ، أنبأ إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الصَّفَّارُ، ثنا عَبَّاسُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ التَّرْقُفِيُّ، حَدَّثَنِي يَحْيَى بْنُ يَعْلَى، ح وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ، وَأَبُو سَعِيدٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُوسَى قَالُوا: ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، ثنا الْعَبَّاسُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الدُّورِيُّ، ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ يَعْلَى بْنِ الْحَارِثِ الْمُحَارِبِيُّ، ثنا أَبِي، ثنا غَيْلَانُ بْنُ جَامِعٍ، عَنْ قَيْسِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ، عَنْ طَارِقِ بْنِ شِهَابٍ، قَالَ: خَرَجَ قَوْمٌ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ مِنَ الْكُوفَةِ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ، فَأَتَوْا عَلَى حَيٍّ مِنْ بَنِي أَسَدٍ وَقَدْ أَرْمَلُوا، فَسَأَلُوهُمُ الْبَيْعَ وَقَدْ رَاحَ عَلَيْهِمْ مَالٌ لَهُمْ حَسَنٌ، قَالُوا: مَا عِنْدَنَا بَيْعٌ، فَسَأَلُوهُمُ الْقِرَى، قَالُوا: مَا نُطِيقُ قِرَاكُمْ، فَلَمْ يَزَلْ بَيْنَهُمْ وَبَيْنَ الْأَعْرَابِ حَتَّى اقْتَتَلُوا، فَتَرَكَتْ لَهُمُ الْأَعْرَابُ الْبُيُوتَ وَمَا فِيهَا، فَأَخَذُوا لِكُلِّ عَشَرَةٍ مِنْهُمْ شَاةً. قَالَ: فَأَتَوْا عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ فَذَكَرُوا ذَلِكَ لَهُ، فَقَامَ فَحَمِدَ اللهَ وَأَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ وَقَالَ: لَوْ كُنْتُ تَقَدَّمْتُ فِي هَذَا لَفَعَلْتُ كَذَا وَكَذَا، ثُمَّ كَتَبَ إِلَى أَهْلِ الْأَمْصَارِ وَأَهْلِ الذِّمَّةِ بِنُزُلِ لَيْلَةٍ لِلضَّيْفِ. قَالَ قَيْسٌ: فَأَخْبَرَنِي عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ أَبِي لَيْلَى أَنَّ أَبَاهُ أَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَسَمَ غَنَمًا بَيْنَ أَصْحَابِهِ، فَأَعْطَى كُلَّ عَشَرَةٍ شَاةً، وَأَنَّهَا كَانَتْ سُنَّةً. قَالَ: وَقَدْ أَمَرَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِالْقُدُورِ يَوْمَئِذٍ فَأُكْفِئَتْ، وَهُوَ يَوْمَئِذٍ بِخَيْبَرَ قَالَ قَيْسٌ: وَأَخْبَرَنِي ابْنُ أَبِي لَيْلَى، أَنَّ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ كَتَبَ بِنُزُلِ لَيْلَةٍ فِي الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَالْمُعَاهَدِينَ. قَالَ ابْنُ أَبِي لَيْلَى: قَدْ أَذْكُرُ أَنَّ أَهْلَ الْأَرْضِ كَانُوا يَسْتَقْبِلُونَنَا بِنُزُلِ لَيْلَةٍ نَقُولُ بِالْفَارِسِيَّةِ شام. قَالَ التَّرْقُفِيُّ فِي رِوَايَتِهِ: يَقُولُونَ شام أَيْ عَشَاءٌ.
Qays bin Muslim narrates that Sayyiduna Tariq bin Shihab (may Allah be pleased with him) says: Some people of the Ansar set out from Kufah towards Madinah. They came to a clan of Banu Asad. They had run out of provisions, so they asked them to sell them something, and (the clan) had fine wealth. They refused to sell. They asked for hospitality, and they said: We cannot host you either. Then fighting broke out between them, and the Bedouins abandoned their houses along with what was in them, and they took one sheep for every ten of them. The narrator says: They came and told Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him), and he praised and glorified Allah and said: Had I given instructions on this beforehand, I would have done such and such. Then he wrote to the cities and to the dhimmis that they should provide a night's hospitality to a guest.
(b) Abd al-Rahman bin Abi Layla narrates from his father (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) divided sheep among his Companions, giving one sheep to every ten of them. This is a sunnah. The narrator says: On the occasion of Khaybar, he (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered the cooking pots to be overturned.
(c) Ibn Abi Layla says that Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) prescribed a night's hospitality among the Muslims and the mu'ahadin (people under treaty). Ibn Abi Layla says: The people used to receive us with a night's hospitality, which in Persian they call "sham", that is, supper.
(b) Abd al-Rahman bin Abi Layla narrates from his father (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) divided sheep among his Companions, giving one sheep to every ten of them. This is a sunnah. The narrator says: On the occasion of Khaybar, he (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered the cooking pots to be overturned.
(c) Ibn Abi Layla says that Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) prescribed a night's hospitality among the Muslims and the mu'ahadin (people under treaty). Ibn Abi Layla says: The people used to receive us with a night's hospitality, which in Persian they call "sham", that is, supper.
