Those who said: There is no liability for wounds, blood and lost property in fighting rebels

Ibn Shihab (may Allah have mercy on him) says: When the first fitnah (civil strife) flared up, it reached many of the Companions who had been at Badr (may Allah be pleased with them) as well. And it reached us that they held that the matters of the fitnah were to be disregarded: no retaliation (qisas) was imposed on anyone who killed in it on the basis of an interpretation of the Qur'an; there was no hadd punishment concerning a woman taken captive (in it) — no hadd was considered due upon her, nor was li'an conducted between her and her husband; they held that whoever accused her (of adultery) was to be flogged the hadd punishment; and they held that she was to be returned to her first husband after completing her waiting period ('iddah) from the second husband, and that her first husband would inherit from her.

Al-Zuhri (may Allah have mercy on him) says that Sulayman bin Hisham wrote to him with a question about a woman who separated from her husband, bore witness against her own people of polytheism (shirk), joined the Haruriyyah (Khawarij) and married among them, and then came back repentant. So al-Zuhri (may Allah have mercy on him) wrote to him — and I was present: 'Amma ba'd' (To proceed): The first fitnah broke out at a time when the Companions who had been at Badr (may Allah be pleased with them) were (still) present, and, to put an end to the fitnah, they did not impose the hadd on anyone who had deemed a private part lawful through an interpretation of the Qur'an, nor did they exact retaliation (qisas) from anyone who had deemed blood lawful through the Qur'an, nor (did they demand back) property he had deemed lawful through an interpretation of the Qur'an — unless the very thing itself was found, in which case they would make it good. And my view is that she should be returned to her husband, and that the hadd be imposed on whoever slandered her.

Sayf bin Fulan bin Mu'awiyah al-Anazi narrates from his maternal uncle, who narrated to me from my grandfather, that on the day of the Battle of the Camel, when the horses were in turmoil and the people were raiding, the people came to Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) claiming various things. When the voices grew many and nothing could be understood, he (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Is there no one who can put the whole matter for me into five or six words? He says: I raised myself up on one of my feet, (saying to myself): If he understands before I speak, (well and good); otherwise I will sit down shortly. I said: O Commander of the Believers, the matter is not five or six words, but two words. He (may Allah be pleased with him) looked at me. I said: Either let it go, or retaliation (qisas)? He says: He made the finger-sign for thirty and said: All that you have counted — see, it is under these two feet of mine.