السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب العدد
Book of Waiting Periods
باب: سبب نزول الآية في العدة
The occasion of revelation of the verse on the waiting period (iddah)
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أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الرُّوذْبَارِيُّ، أنا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ دَاسَةَ، نا أَبُو دَاوُدَ، نا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْحَمِيدِ الْبَهْرَانِيُّ، نا يَحْيَى بْنُ صَالِحٍ، نا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ عَيَّاشٍ، حَدَّثَنِي عَمْرُو بْنُ مُهَاجِرٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ أَسْمَاءَ بِنْتِ يَزِيدَ بْنِ السَّكَنِ الْأَنْصَارِيَّةِ، " أَنَّهَا طُلِّقَتْ عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَلَمْ يَكُنْ لِلْمُطَلَّقَةِ عِدَّةٌ فَأَنْزَلَ اللهُ جَلَّ ثَنَاؤُهُ حِينَ طُلِّقَتْ أَسْمَاءُ بِالْعِدَّةِ لِلطَّلَاقِ فَكَانَتْ أَوَّلَ مَنْ أُنْزِلَ فِيهَا الْعِدَّةُ لِلطَّلَاقِ ".
It is narrated from Asma' bint Yazid bin al-Sakan al-Ansariyyah (may Allah be pleased with her) that she (that is, Asma' bint Yazid, may Allah be pleased with her) was divorced in the time of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), and at that time there was no waiting period ('iddah) for divorced women. So Allah, exalted be His praise, revealed the verses concerning the waiting period of divorce when Asma' was divorced. She was the first woman concerning whom the waiting period of divorce was revealed.
[Hasan. Recorded by al-Sijistani 2281]
[Hasan. Recorded by al-Sijistani 2281]
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، وَأَبُو صَادِقٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي الْفَوَارِسِ الْعَطَّارُ قَالَا: نا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ نا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عَفَّانَ، نا أَسْبَاطٌ، عَنْ مُطَرِّفٍ، عَنْ أَبِي عُثْمَانَ قَالَ: لَمَّا نَزَلَتْ عِدَّةُ النِّسَاءِ فِي سُورَةِ الْبَقَرَةِ فِي الْمُطَلَّقَةِ وَالْمُتَوَفَّى عَنْهَا زَوْجُهَا قَالَ: قَالَ أُبَيُّ بْنُ كَعْبٍ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنَّ أُنَاسًا مِنْ أَهْلِ الْمَدِينَةِ يَقُولُونَ قَدْ بَقِيَ مِنَ النِّسَاءِ مَا لَمْ يُذْكَرْ فِيهِ شَيْءٌ قَالَ: " وَمَا هُوَ؟ " قَالَ: الصِّغَارُ وَالْكِبَارُ ذَوَاتُ الْحَمْلِ قَالَ: فَنَزَلَتْ {وَاللَّائِي يَئِسْنَ مِنَ الْمَحِيضِ مِنْ نِسَائِكُمْ إِنِ ارْتَبْتُمْ فَعِدَّتُهُنَّ ثَلَاثَةُ أَشْهُرٍ وَاللَّائِي لَمْ يَحِضْنَ وَأُولَاتُ الْأَحْمَالِ أَجَلُهُنَّ أَنْ يَضَعْنَ حَمْلَهُنَّ} [الطلاق: ٤].
It is narrated from Abu Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him) that when the rulings on the waiting period of divorced women and of women whose husbands had died were revealed in Surah al-Baqarah, Ubayy bin Ka'b (may Allah be pleased with him) said: O Messenger of Allah! Some of the people of Madinah are saying: There certainly remain some women about whom nothing has been mentioned. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Who are they?" Ubayy bin Ka'b (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Young girls, old women, and pregnant women. Abu Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Then this verse was revealed: "And those of your women who have despaired of menstruation, if you are in doubt, their waiting period is three months, and also of those who have not yet menstruated; and for those who are pregnant, their term is until they deliver their burden (that is, until the child is born)." [Surah al-Talaq: 4]
